VOCAB: Unit 5

Question 1

Io**

Answer 1

The innermost of the Galilean satellites, most volcanically active body in the Solar System. Iron rich core and silicate mantle, partially molten, temporary atmosphere from volcanic gases

Question 2

Great Red Spot**

Answer 2

A swirling vortex of clouds larger than Earth has been raging for at least 300 years and shows no sign of abating

Question 3

Eurpoa**

Answer 3

Has a significant liquid water ocean beneath its ice surfaces. Rock and metal, metallic core, no magnetic field, temporary atmosphere formed as ice is abraded by Jupiter’s radiation

Question 4

Ganymede**

Answer 4

Seems to have a water “slush” ocean beneath a solid ice cover. Silicate rock and ice, completely differentiated with molten iron core, surface of ice covers a salty liquid water ocean, generates its own and magnetic field. Has an oxygen-rich atmosphere

Question 5

Callisto**

Answer 5

A body that apparently never chemically differentiated. ice and rock, undifferentiated interior, little radioactive heat may melt some ice, only weak magnetic field

Question 6

Pioneer 10

Answer 6

Has left the Solar System

Question 7

Pioneer 11

Answer 7

Has left the Solar System, measured Jupiters intense charged-particle and magnetic field environment

Question 8

Voyager 1 & 2

Answer 8

1 found 9 active volcanoes in Io, 2 found 8/9 were still erupting

Question 9

Galileo

Answer 9

ONLY craft to orbit Jupiter, suspected that Europa has a salt water ocean

Question 10

New Horizons

Answer 10

Headed for the Kuiper Belt

Question 11

Juno

Answer 11

First solar powered craft roam far into the outer reaches of the Solar System

Question 12

Belts**

Answer 12

“dark” belts, temperature is higher in the atmosphere, in the regions of Descending Gas

Question 13

Zones**

Answer 13

“bright” zones, temperature is lower in the atmosphere, in the regions of Rising Gas,

Question 14

Galilean Moons

Answer 14

4 objects orbiting Jupiter

Question 15

Regular Satellites**

Answer 15

Define the outer orbital reaches of a planet’s domain in space. Large, round, stable, simple

Question 16

Irregular Satellites**

Answer 16

Satellites of unknown origin, travel in packs that indicate they were once related objects,, usually retrograde

Question 17

Trojan Satellites**

Answer 17

2 packs of asteroids that are ahead and behind Jupiter, orbits the Sun but are gravitationally bound to Jupiter

Question 18

Tidal Heating

Answer 18

Provides enough heat to keep the little satellite active

Question 19

Orbital Resonance

Answer 19

The time it takes Ganymede to orbit once, Europa orbits twice and Io 4x

Question 20

Belt Zone**

Answer 20

Appears to arise in the same way as Jupiter

Question 21

Zones**

Answer 21

Are higher clouds formed by rising gas

Question 22

Belts**

Answer 22

Are lower clouds formed by sinking gas

Question 23

Cassain Division

Answer 23

The division between A and B

Question 24

Mimas

Answer 24

Saturn’s satellite, large impact must have come close to breaking the satellite apart

Question 25

Cyrovolcanoes

Answer 25

Volcanoes, signify that their product is not hot lava but cool-cold water and ices of various sorts

Question 26

Iapetus

Answer 26

Shows an enormous impact crater, but is clearly old because many younger craters appear inside

Question 27

Enceladus

Answer 27

A small satellite, albedo you would expect from snow/ice. Heavily cratered so its old

Question 28

Lower Troposphere

Answer 28

Interesting for Uranus, temp rises fast from top to bottom. Combination of the temperature gradient plus rotation of the planet gives rise to a belt-zone cloud pattern. Pattern parallels the planet equator says that rotation is the controlling factor and not sunlight

Question 29

Upper Stratosphere

Answer 29

Interesting for Neptune, division between upper and lower appears unusually hazy. Haze is thought to be a rather high concentration of organic molecules, caused by the breakdown of methane by light

Question 30

Titania

Answer 30

Uranus' largest satellite

Question 31

Conduction**

Answer 31

Holding a metal poker in the flames heat will travel along the metal by conduction

Question 32

Radiation**

Answer 32

What you actually feel when you stand infront of a fire are infrared photons radiated by the flames. Photons are a packets of energy

Question 33

Convection**

Answer 33

Hot air going up a chimney is carrying hear by convection

Question 34

Uhlanga Regio (polar)

Answer 34

A layer of liquid nitrogen 20 or 30 metres below the surface. Debris is wafted downwind, producing plumes of dark material such as Viviane Macula and Namazu Macula

Question 35

Monad Regio (eastern equatorial)

Answer 35

Part smooth and in part hummocky, with walled plains or "lakes" such as Tuonela and Ruach. Had flat floors, water must be the main material from which they were formed, because nitrogen ice and methane ice are not rigid enough to maintain surface relief over long periods

Question 36

Bubembe Regio (western equatorial)

Answer 36

Surface resembles melon skin

Question 37

Gas Giant **

Answer 37

A large, low-density planet composed primarily of hydrogen, helium, methane, and ammonia in either gaseous or liquid state