Vocab & Trends Flashcards
What is the difference between Paramagnetic and Diamagnetic?
Paramagnetic: unpaired e-
Diamagnetic: paired e-
What are the 5 elements that are exceptions to the electron configuration rule?
eg. [Ar] 4s1, 3d5
Cr Cu
Mo Ag
Au
What are symbols and names of the 4 quantum numbers?
Name what?
n—>”principal #” —> Shell
l —>”azimuthal #” —-> Subshell
ml–>”magnetic #”—-> Specific orbital
ms–>”spin
What is the difference between alpha-decay,
beta-decay (-). beta-decay (+), and electron capture?
alpha-decay: reduces mass # (large nuclei–> Z>83)
beta-decay (-): n—>p [N/Z is high]
beta-decay (+): p—>n [N/Z is low]
electron capture: p—>n [N/Z is low]
What is the formula for Nuclear Binding Energy?
E = mc^2
What element has the highest nuclear binding energy?
Fe (iron-56)
What are the trends of the periodic table?
l. electronegativity and 1st ionization energy follow same
trend (top right) group 3 and 6 are exceptions
ll. e- affinity (——>)
lll. atomic radius follow opposite trend of electronegativity
(bottom left)
What is another way of asking “which is the most polar”?
Which has the biggest difference in electronegativity
What are the 3 types of bonding and define the characteristics that describe?
- Covalent (non-metal + non-metal)
- molecular or network solids
- low m.p. and b.p.
- Ionic (metal + non-metal)
- crystals
- high m.p. and b.p.
- brittle
- Metallic (metal + metal)
- high m.p. and b.p.
- conducts electricity, malleable, ductile, shiny
What is the molecular geometry of 3 electron domains and 0 non-bonding electrons?
trigonal planar
What is the molecular geometry of 3 electron domains and 1 non-bonding electrons?
bent
What is the molecular geometry of 4 electron domains and 0 non-bonding electrons?
tetrahedral
What is the molecular geometry of 4 electron domains and 1 non-bonding electrons?
trigonal pyramidal
What is the molecular geometry of 4 electron domains and 2 non-bonding electrons?
bent
What is the molecular geometry of 5 electron domains and 0 non-bonding electrons?
trigonal bipyramidal
What is the molecular geometry of 5 electron domains and 1 non-bonding electrons?
see-saw
What is the molecular geometry of 5 electron domains and 2 non-bonding electrons?
T-shaped
What is the molecular geometry of 5 electron domains and 3 non-bonding electrons?
linear
What is the molecular geometry of 6 electron domains and 0 non-bonding electrons?
octahedral
What is the molecular geometry of 6 electron domains and 1 non-bonding electrons?
square pyramidal
What is the molecular geometry of 6 electron domains and 2 non-bonding electrons?
square planar
What are the 3 Intermolecular forces?
H-bonding (H-FON)
Dipole-dipole
London dispersion (Van der Waals)
The phase change from solid—>liquid is known as ________ and is ____exothermic / endothermic____.
Fusion “melting”
Endothermic (H>0), (S>0)
The phase change from liquid—>gas is known as ________ and is ____exothermic / endothermic____.
Vaporization “boiling”
Endothermic (H>0), (S>0)