Vocab Terms Exam 1 Flashcards
<p>blastopore</p>
<p>a pore in the blastula development stage that either forms into the mouth (in protostomes) or the anus (in deuterostomes)</p>
<p>coelom</p>
<p>a body cavity lying between the outer body wall and the gut lined with derivatives of the embryonic mesoderm</p>
<p>commensalism</p>
<p>a relationship where one organism benefits while the other is not affected (ex. commensal crabs within a Chaetopterus tube)</p>
<p>Cercaria</p>
<p>free swimming larvae of a Trematode that develops in a mollusc host </p>
<p>Mutualism (Give an Example)</p>
<p>Symbiosis that is beneficial to both organisms involved. Calliactus tricolor on hermit crabs.</p>
Monoecious
hermaphroditic. contains both male and female organs in same individual
<p>Deuterosome</p>
<p>Blastopore becomes the anus. Echinodermata, Hemichordata, and Chordata</p>
spiral cleavage
pattern of early cleavage where blastomeres are rotated with respect to the vegetal pole
radial cleavage
cleavage in deuterstomes characterized by having blastomeres of upper tier over the lower ones
polyphyletic
groups of organisms sharing similar characteristics yet deriving differently ancestrally.
monophyletic
taxon forming a clade deriving same ancestrally
<p>Trocophore larva</p>
free-swimming planktonic larvae having 2 bands of cilia around upper and middle cluster of flagellae.
<p>Pilidium larva</p>
<p>the free-swimming hat-shaped larva of various nemertean worms in whose interior the young worm develops</p>
<p>Veliger</p>
A larval mollusk that is free-swimming and has a velum.
schizocoely
body cavity formed from blocks of mesoderm around gut enlarging and and hollowing out resulting coelomic cavities
monophyletic
taxon forming a clade that derives same ancestrally
<p>miracidium</p>
<p>A ciliated larva of a digenetic trematode, which hatches from the egg and enters the first intermediate host, where it develops into a sporocyst or a redia.</p>
<p>planula</p>
<p>The flat, free-swimming, ciliated larva of a cnidarian.</p>
<p>Protonephridia (Examples of two phyla in which they occur)</p>
<p>A hollow cell in the excretory system of certain invertebrates, such as flatworms and rotifers, containing a bunch of rapidly beating cilia that serve to propel waste products to the outside through an excretory tubule.</p>
<p>Examples: Platyhelminthes, Nemertea, & Rotifera</p>
<p>Metanephridia (Occur in which phylum studied so far?)</p>
<p>is a type of excretory gland found in many types of invertebrates such as annelids, arthropods and molluscs. (In molluscs it is known as the Bojanus organ.) A metanephridium typically consists of a ciliated funnel opening into the body cavity or coelom connected to a duct which may be variously glandularized, folded or expanded (vesiculate) and which typically opens to the organism's exterior.</p>
enterocoely
body cavity formed by gut lining breaking off and forming coelom occurs in deuterostomes.
Parasitism (Give an Example)
a non-mutual symbiotic relationship between species, where one species, the parasite, benefits at the expense of the other, the host. Traditionally parasite referred primarily to organisms visible to the naked eye, or macroparasites (such as helminths). Example: Pseudione overstreeti on P. Pugio
Protostome
Blastopore becomes the mouth exhibit spiral cleavage.
Protandry
in hermaphroditic animals male reproductive organs are produced before female inhibiting self fertilization
Protogyny
a state in hermaphroditic systems that is characterized by development of female organs or maturation of their products before the appearance of the corresponding male product thus inhibiting self-fertilization and that is encountered in apples, pears, figworts, and among several groups of invertebrate animals
Diploblastic
Having body tissues derived from only two germ layers, the endoderm and the ectoderm, as in the cnidarians.
Triploblastic
Having body tissues derived from three germ layers, the endoderm, mesoderm, and ectoderm, seen in all multicellular animals except certain invertebrates such as the cnidarians and sponges.
Apomorphic State
derived specialized characteristic or state,
Plesiomorphic State
primitive ancestral characteristic or state
Dioecious
has distinct male and female individual organisms or colonies, meaning that a colony contains only either male or female individuals.
Holoblastic
characterized by complete cleavage that divides the whole egg into distinct and separate blastomeres
