Vocab terms Flashcards
Initiative
gave voters the right to introduce a bill directly before a state legislature.
17th Amendment
Gave people the ability to vote directly for Senators
Primary Election
voters can select which candidate will run in the general election
Bull Moose Party (1912)
Theodore Roosevelt was their presidential nominee
18th Amendment
known as Prohibition, established the banning of alcohol in the U.S.
Referendum
allowed voters to be able to make a bill become a law (yes/no vote)
16th Amendment
Established the income tax
Progressive Era
A time period when the U.S. was regulating trusts/big business, fixing social problems, and encouraging free-enterprise
Spoils System
A system of public employment based on rewarding party loyalists and friends.
Thomas Nast
A famous cartoonist in the 19th century who hoped to expose Boss Tweed. Created the Republican Elephant, Democratic Donkey, and Santa Clause
19th Amendment
Gave women the right to vote
Muckrakers
exposed corruption and abuses in industry in big business men
The Hepburn Act
Allowed the ICC greater control over railroads (Teddy Roosevelt)
Elkins Act
Signed by Teddy Roosevelt to put an end to rebates in the railroad industry
City bosses
Corrupt wealthy men that used their power over workers to gain political power
Federal Reserve Act
law by Woodrow Wilson that created the modern banking system
Meat Inspection Act
A law passed by Congress to have meat inspected (Teddy Roosevelt)
Pure Food and Drug Act
Halted the sale of contaminated foods and medicines and called for truth in labeling (Teddy Roosevelt)
political machine
a strong party organization that can control political appointments and deliver votes by giving out favors
Election of 1912
Presidential campaign involving Taft, T. Roosevelt, and Woodrow Wilson. Taft and Roosevelt split the Republican vote, because Roosevelt and other Progressives were not satisfied with Taft, enabling Wilson to win
Progressives
reformers who worked to stop unfair practices by businesses and improve the way the government works
Women’s Temperance
deals with making alcohol illegal in the U.S.
Women’s Suffrage
A movement to secure the right to vote for women
Carry Nation
A temperance crusader who busted bars/saloons ( wanted alcohol banned)
Booker T. Washington
African American progressive who supported segregation and demanded that African American better themselves individually to achieve equality.
W.E.B. DuBois
Encouraged blacks to resist systems of segregation and discrimination, helped create NAACP in 1910
Jane Addams
the founder of Hull House, which provided English lessons for immigrants, daycares, and child care classes
NAACP
Interracial organization founded in 1909 to abolish segregation and discrimination and to achieve political and civil rights for African Americans.
Recall
procedure whereby voters can remove an elected official from office
Civil Service Commission
began to award jobs based on the results of an exam. By 1900, it controlled about 40% of all federal jobs. Jobs by merit or ability.
ICC
Interstate Commerce Commission, created to regulate the railroad industry.
Trustbuster
a person working to destroy monopolies and trusts
Workmen’s Compensation Act
created accident and injury protection for federal workers
minimum wage
a minimum price that an employer can pay a worker for an hour of labor
Sherman Anti-Trust
First federal action against monopolies, it was signed into law and was extensively used by Theodore Roosevelt for trust-busting.
Clayton Antitrust Act
1914 law that strengthened the Sherman Antitrust Act
Federal Trade Commission
a federal agency established in 1914 to investigate and stop unfair business practices
Patronage
Granting favors or giving contracts or making appointments to office in return for political support
income tax
Tax paid to the state, federal, and local governments based on income earned over the past year.
Teddy Roosevelt
26th President, from 1901-1909, passed two acts that purified meat, took over in 1901 when McKinley was shot, Went after trusts, formed the “Bull Moose Party”
William Howard Taft
27th president of the U.S.; he lost Roosevelt’s support and was defeated for a second term.
Woodrow Wilson
28th president of the United States. Won the election of 1912 against Teddy Roosevelt and William Howard Taft
Boss Tweed
A political boss who carried corruption to new extremes, and cheated the city out of more than $100 million
