Vocab Review Flashcards
What is electronegativity?
The measure of how strongly an atom attracts electrons towards itself in a covalent bond.
Covalent bond
The atoms share electrons
Ionic bond
The atoms transfer electrons
Polar bond
Two different elements (nonmetals), one atom pulls on the electrons more strongly than the other
Nonpolar bond
Same two elements (usually nonmetals or C-H)
Intermolecular forces (IMFs)
Weak, temporary attractive forces that hold particles together,
Polar covalent bond
The electrons are shared unequally. The more electronegative atom hogs more of the electrons and is partially negative. EN is > 0.5.
Nonpolar covalent bond
The electrons are shared equally and the electronegativity is below 0.5.
Polar molecule
Molecule that has at least one polar bond and any other bonds are asymmetric
Nonpolar molecule
All bonds are symmetric, or there’s at least 2 polar bonds and they’re symmetric so they cancel out to be nonpolar
What property of IMFs directly impacts the properties of a substance?
Strength
What property of IMFs directly impacts the solubility of a substance?
Compatibility
What properties do strong IMFs have?
High melting points, boiling points, and viscosity
What properties do weak IMFs have?
Low melting points, boiling points and viscosity
What is permanent charge separation?
The separation of charges in a dipole, the space between particles
