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DBMS > Vocab Quiz 1 > Flashcards

Vocab Quiz 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Data

A

Known facts that can be recorded and have implicit meaning

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2
Q

Database

A

A collection of related data

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3
Q

Miniworld or UoD

A

Represents some aspect of the real world

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4
Q

Logically coherent

A

There is a rhyme and reason to why its there
* Random assortments of data is not a database
* Designed, built, and populated with data for a specific purpose

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5
Q

DMBS

A

A computerized system that enables users to create and maintain a database

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6
Q

Defining a database

A

Specifying types, structures, constrains of data to be stored within the database

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7
Q

Metadata

A

data about the data (definitions, dictionary, etc)

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8
Q

Constructing a DMBS

A

The process of storing the data on some storage medium that is controlled by the DBMS

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9
Q

Manipulating functions

A

Querying, updating, generating reports

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10
Q

Sharing

A

Allows access to database

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11
Q

Application program

A

Accesses the database by sending queries to the DBMS

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12
Q

Queries

A

Cause data to be retrieved

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13
Q

Transaction

A

May cause some data to be read and some data to be read into the database

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14
Q

System Protection

A

Protect against hardware or software malfunction

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15
Q

Security Protection

A

Against unauthorized or malicious access

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16
Q

Database System

A

The database and DBMS software together

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17
Q

Describe a Database

A
  • Elements, types, Information System
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18
Q

Conceptual design

A

Entity Relationship model

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19
Q

Logical design

A

expressed in a data model

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20
Q

Physical Design

A

Storing and accessing DB recs - miniworld created

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21
Q

Database Approach

A

Define once and access repeatedly

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22
Q

DBMA catalog

A

Stores a complete definition or description of the database structure and contains - stores metadata

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23
Q

Data Abstraction

A

Allows for program data and operation independence - suppression of details between organization and storage

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24
Q

Program-data Independence

A

DB catalog separate from access programs

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25
Q

Program-operation independence

A

application programs operate on the data by invoking these operations through name and arguments, regardless of how the operations are implemented

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26
Q

Data model

A

Type of data abstraction that provides a conceptual representation (no details of data storage and implementation)

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27
Q

Concurrency control software

A

Several users updating the database is correct

28
Q

Online Transaction Processing applications

A

Airline agents booking tickets

29
Q

Transaction

A

Executing program that includes one or more data base accesses - reading or updating records

30
Q

Database Administrators

A

Authorize access, monitor its use, and acquire software and hardware resources as needed

31
Q

Database Designers

A

Identify the data to be stored, choose appropriate structures to represent and store data

32
Q

End Users

A

People whose jobs require access to the database for querying, updating, and generating reports

33
Q

Casual End Users

A

Occasional users who may need something different everytime

34
Q

Naive or Parametric End Users

A

Revolves around constant querying and updating a database, using standard queries

35
Q

Canned Transactions

A

Bank customers and tellers check account balances and post withdrawals and deposits

36
Q

Sophisticated End Users

A

Very familiar with the DBMS and have more complex requirements
- engineers, scientists etc

37
Q

Standalone End Users

A

Ready made program packages that provide ease of use menus or GUIs

38
Q

System Analyst

A

Determine requirements for end users

39
Q

Data Model

A

Collection of concepts that can be used to describe the structure of a database

40
Q

Dynamic Aspect or behavior

A

Allows designer to specify valid user-defined operations

41
Q

High-level Data Models (conceptual data models)

A

Close to the way many perceive data

42
Q

Representational (implementation)

A

Easily understood by end users
- use record structures

43
Q

Low level (physical data models)

A

Concepts that describe the details of how data is stored on the computer storage media
Represents info such as record formats, record orderings, and access paths

44
Q

Entity

A

Represents a real-world object or concept

45
Q

Attribute

A

Represents some property of interest that further describes an entity

46
Q

Access Path

A

search structure that makes the search for particular database record efficient such as indexing or hashing

47
Q

Index

A

Example of an access path that allows direct access to data using an index term or keyword

48
Q

Self-describing models

A
  • Combines a description of the data with the data values themselves
  • Models include XML, NOSQL systems
49
Q

Schema

A

Description of Database - specified during db design and does not change frequently unless there is a schema evolution

50
Q

Schema Diagram

A

displays structure of each record type

51
Q

Database state, snapshot, occurrences, instances

A

The data in the database at a particular moment in time - extension of the schema

52
Q

Internal level

A

Describes the physical storage structure of the database

53
Q

Conceptual level

A

Describes the structure of the whole database of a community of users
- Representational data model is usually used to describe the entities, data types, relationships, user operations and constraints

54
Q

External or view level

A

Includes a number of external schemas or user views - describes the part of the database that a particular user group is interested in and hides the rest of the database from the user group

55
Q

Data definition language

A

Used in DBMSs where no strict separation levels are maintained

56
Q

Storage Definition Language

A

Used to specify the internal schema

57
Q

View Definition Language

A

Used to specify views and their mappings to the conceptual schema

58
Q

Data Manipulation language

A

Set of operations provided by the DBMS - users use this to manipulate the database

59
Q

SQL

A
  • combo of DDL, VDL, and DML
60
Q

Database Interfaces

A
  • Menu-based interfaces for web clients
  • Apps for mobile devices
  • Forms-based INterface
  • Graphical User Interfaces
  • Natural Language Interfaces
  • Keyword-based Database Search
  • Speech Input and Output
  • Interfaces for Parametric Users
  • Interfaces for the DBA
61
Q

Database Systems Utilities

A

Database Utilities help the DBA manage the database system
- Utilities have the following types of functions:
- Loading
- Backup
- Database storage reorganization ( create new access paths and improve performance if needed)
- Performance Monitoring - Usage and stats

62
Q

Data dictionary system

A

Information repository

63
Q

Application Development Environments

A
  • Provide an environment for developing database applications and facilities that help in many areas of db systems (DB design, GUI development, querying/updating, etc)
64
Q

Communication Facilities

A

Allow remote access to the database system site through computer terminals, workstations or personal computers

65
Q

Centralized DBMS

A

All the DBMS functionality, application program execution, and user interface processing carried out on one machine (not feasible)

66
Q

Client/Server Architecture

A

Developed to deal with computing environments in which a large number of PCs, workstations, file servers, printers, database servers, web servers, e-mail servers, and other software and equipment are connected via a network.

67
Q

Specialized servers

A

file server, printer server, web server - all accessed by client machines

DBMS (2 decks)

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