Vocab List 6 Flashcards
Premack Reinforcer
Access to a high probability behavior is used to reinforce a lower probability behavior (grandma’s rule) access to highly desired activity contingent upon completion of less desired activity
Secondary Reinforcer
A consequence that was previously neutral, but has become a reinforcer through pairing with a previously established reinforcer ($ when paired with the commodities it purchases) aka conditioned reinforcer or generalized reinforcer
Primary Reinforcer
A reinforcer that is effective without any prior learning
Positive Behavioral Support
Another term for ABA. Includes a more strict prohibition on aversives, and emphasizes social justice considerations and systems-level change
Overt Behavior
Refers to behavior that can be observed by more than one individual
Overcorrection
Set of behavior-reduction procedures wherein an individual must correct the environmental impact of their inappropriate behavior, and often must practice appropriate behavior
Neutral Stimulus
An antecedent stimulus that has no behavior eliciting effect within the classical conditioning paradigm.
Wishing the operant conditioning paradigm, a stimulus that has no behavior-altering properties when used as a consequence.
Magnitude
This is a measure of the intensity of behavior. Examples include the loudness of verbalized ions and force of motor responses.
Inter-Response Time/ Inter-Response Interval
The amount of time in between target responses by the student
Inter-Trial Interval
The time between the end of one trial and the beginning of the next trial by the interventionist
Intermittent Reinforcement
Reinforcing only some substances of a given behavior, but not each time the behavior occurs.
Inhibitory Stimulus
An antecedent that leads to a decrease in the probability of a behavior being emitted.
Habituation
A decrease in response to a particular stimulus, as a result of repeated exposure to the same stimulus
Fading
Gradually removing any extra prompts one has introduced into a teaching situation
Establishing Operation
An alteration in the environment that affects the power of other stimuli to serve as reinforcers and antecedent stimuli.
Elicit
Behavior that is not considered under voluntary control
Duration
A measure of the length of time engaged in a given behavior. Can also refer to the length of time of a stimulus presentation
Descending
Refers to behavior that is decreasing in value
Dead Man’s (Person’s) Test
A guiding principle in the creation of behavioral goals and behavior treatment plans. States that anything a dead person can do is not a behavior. Reminder to emphasize the behavior we want to see, not the behavior we don’t want to see
Criterion
The level of skill that is set as an objective for an individual’s behavior goal.
Competing Behavior
Behavior that interferes with the learning process, or interferes with an individual’s ability to function in a less restrictive environment
Coercive Procedures
not advocated by ABA. Methods involved in changing a persons behavior through severe punishment, deprivation, and/or extremely powerful reinforcers that are not considered socially acceptable
Chaining
Teaching procedure wherein one attempts to link various simple individual responses together to make one, longer complex behavior
Changing-Criterion Design
Single-subject design in which the different experimental phases consist of systematic changes in what is required for the target response
Behaviorology
The science of applied behavior analysts
Behavior Trap
A situation in which an individual’s behavior is maintained by its il contact with reinforcers that are naturally produced by the emission of that behavior.
Ascending
Behavior that is increasing in value. Often used in analysis of behavior graphs, it refers to a behavior where the overall trend depicts increasing values of behavior
Air Crib
A temperature and humidity controlled crib for human infants developed by skinner. It was developed to allow children freedom in the crib, without the need for heavy clothing and blankets
Latency
A behavioral measure referring to the length of time required for a behavior to occur following a specific stimulus
Continuous Reinforcement (CRF)
A schedule of reinforcement wherein every instance of a target behavior is reinforced
