vocab: kinematics Flashcards
A scalar quantity with symbol d; its most common units include the centimetre, the metre (base) and the kilometre.
distance
This represents the velocity of an object at a very precise moment in time. It requires a tangent and the use of the equation m= rise/run
instantaneous velocity
As an example, during an electricity lab a student might note the following from a voltmeter display 7.75 ± 0.05V
precision
first defined as 1/86400 of the mean solar day-now defined in terms of the frequency of one type of radiation emitted by a cesium-133 atom.
second
the most common examples include speed, distance, time, mass, energy, and work.
scalars
a vector quantity with common m/s and km/h. it can be determined in the following fashion:
v_{ave} = {delta d}/{delta t}
average velocity
the measurement 1000m has one, the mass value 7.256kg has four and the time interval 0.0750s has three.
significant figures
a vector quantity with equation displacement average= displacement (f) - displacement (i)
displacement
the most common examples include position, velocity, displacement, acceleration, and momentum
vectors
some examples… the newton for force 1N= kgxm/ s^2; the coulomb for electric charge 1C= 1 A x s
derived units
an experiment found the mass of a proton to be 1.458x10^-27kg, about 13% less than the currently accepted value.
accuracy
a vector quantity with symbol v (with arrows on top) , most commonly associated with its derived unit, the metre per second (m/s)
velocity
first defined as 1/10 000000 of the distance from the north pole to the equator measured along a line passing through Lyons, France- now defined as the distance that light travels in 1/229792458 of a second in vacuum
metre
some examples… tera (T), giga (G), mega (M), nano (n), pico (p)
prefixes
the mass of the electron 9.109x10^-31 kg and the velocity of light in vacuum 2.99792458x10^8 m/s
scientific notation
some examples… the ampere for electric current, the Kelvin for temperature and the mole for amount of substance
base units
a scalar quantity with common units m/s and km/h. it can be determined in the following fashion: v= distance/time
speed
a vector quantity with unit meters per second per second (m/s^2)
acceleration
a vector quantity with symbol d (with arrow on top). its most common units include the centimetre, the metre (base) and the kilometre
position
the characteristics applied to both vector and scalar quantities- however direction is exclusive to vector quantities
magnitude
the base unit defined by comparison with a platinum-iridium metal cylinder kept near paris, france
kilogram
