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MAT > vocab geometry > Flashcards

vocab geometry Flashcards

1
Q

face

A

flat part of a solid (

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2
Q

vertex

A

a corner where three faces meet, plural- vertices (vrchol)

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3
Q

edges

A

place where two faces of a solid meet in a line (hrany)

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4
Q

polyhedron

A

3-dimensional solid figure in which each face is a flat surface (mnohosten)

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5
Q

platonic solids

A

solids with identical regular polygons, 4 vertices- fire,6 vertices- air,8 v.- earth,12 v- water, 20 v- universe (platónske objekty)

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6
Q

prisms

A

polyhedra that have 2 parallel faces called bases- congruent polygons , the lateral faces are rectangles in a right prism or parallelograms in an oblique prism (hranoly)

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7
Q

pyramid

A

polyhedron, its bases can be any polygon, lateral faces- in the shape of triangle, common vertex- apex (ihlan)

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8
Q

apothem

A

lateral height (

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9
Q

polyhedral angle

A

angle which three faces hold (plyedrický uhol)

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10
Q

dihedral angle

A

angle which 2 faces hold (dihedrálny uhol)

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11
Q

convex polyhedron

A

straight line penetrates the object in 2 points (konvexný mnohosten)

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12
Q

concave polyhedron

A

straight line penetrate the object in 3 or more points (konkávny mnohosten)

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13
Q

types of polyhedron

A

tetrahedron, pentahedron, hexahedron, heptahedron, octahedron, nonahedron, decahedron, undecahedron, dodecahedron, icosahedron

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14
Q

regular polyhedron

A

its faces are congruent (pravidelný mnohosten)

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15
Q

non-polyhedra

A

solid which has curved surfaces or it is a mix of a curved and flat surfaces : sphere, torus, cylinder, cone

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16
Q

cube

A

regular hexahedron composed of 6 congruent squares (kocka)

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16
Q

cuboid

A

parallelepiped that has all rectangular faces joined at right angles (kváder)

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17
Q

truncate pyramid

A

result of cutting a pyramid by a plane, lateral faces are trapezoids (zrezaná pyramída)

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18
Q

cylinder

A

solid generated by a rectangle that rotates around one of its sides, bases are two circles, circular cylinder, elliptical cylinder

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19
Q

cone

A

solid of revolution generated by a right triangle that rotates around one of its legs, base is a circle that forms the other leg, slant height distance from any point on the circumference to the apex (kužeľ)

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20
Q

axis

A

fixed leg around which the triangle rotates, fixed side around which the rectangle turns (cylinder) (os)

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21
Q

truncated cone

A

result of cutting a cone by a plane and removing the part containing the apex, slant height is the shorotest possible distance between the edges of the two bases (zrezaný kužeľ

22
Q

plane or plane surface

A

the surface if the straight line joining two points on a surface lies wholly on the surface (rovina)

23
Q

plane is given by

A

three different points, which do not lie on the same straight line
a straight line and a point, which does not lie on that line
by two non-parallel/intersecting or two parallel different straight lines

24
Q

co-planar

A

lines or points that lie on the same plane (koplanárny)

25
Q

parallel lines

A

lines that are co-planar but they do not meet, rovnobežné

26
Q

skew lines

A

if a plane cannot be made to pass through them. they do not meet at a point and they are not parallel (šikmé čiary)

27
Q

perpendicular to a plane

A

it is perpendicular to every straight line drawn in the plane through the point where the line meets the plane

28
Q

normal to the plane

A

a straight line perpendicular to a plane

29
Q

orthogonal projection

A

is a means of representing a three-dimensional object in two dimensions (ortogonálna projekcia)

30
Q

irregular polyhedron

A

defined by polygons that are composed of elements that are not all congruent (nepravidelný mnohosten)

31
Q

parallelepiped

A

prism which has a parallelogram as its base, a polyhedron with 6 faces which are all parallelograms(rovnobežník) (rovnobežnosten)

32
Q

lateral edges

A

edges of prism where the lateral faces intersect, lateral edges in a prism are congruent and parallel (bočné okraje)

33
Q

regular prisms

A

the bases are regular polygons

34
Q

irregular prisms

A

the bases are irregular polygons

35
Q

types of prisms

A

triangular prisms, sqiare prisms, rectangular prisms, pentagonal prisms, hexagonal prisms

36
Q

height of a pyramid

A

measure of the perpendicular line segment from the apex to the base

37
Q

regular pyramid

A

base is a regular polygon, its faces are equally sized

38
Q

irregular pyramid

A

base is an irregular polygon, its faces are not equally sized

39
Q

types of pyramids

A

convex, concave, right, oblique

40
Q

right pyramid

A

has isosceles triangles as its lateral faces and its apex lies directly above the midpoint of the base

41
Q

oblique pyramid

A

does not have all isosceles triangles as its lateral faces (šikmá pyramída)

42
Q

types of pyramids by their bases

A

triangular, square, pentagonal, hexagonal

43
Q

slant height

A

apothem of a pyramid (býška sklonu)

44
Q

parts of the surface area of a pyramid

A

the base area, the lateral area

45
Q

sphere

A

set of points in three-dimensional space equidistant from a point called the centre

46
Q

spherical surface

A

surface generated by rotatinga circle about its diameter

47
Q

great circle

A

the largest circle that can be drawn on a sphere

48
Q

coincident line

A

two lines that line up exactly with each other so that all points on the two lines are the same

49
Q

hemisphere

A

each of the parts obtained by cutting a sphere by a plane through its cente

50
Q

spherical cup

A

each of the parts of a sphere determined by a secant plane

51
Q

2 lines can be

A

skew, parallel, intersecting, coincident

52
Q

2 planes can be

A

intersecting, coincident. parallel, different

53
Q

a line on a plane

A

parallel, intersecting, line lying on a plane

MAT (1 decks)

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