Vocab for Memory Flashcards
Persistence of learning over time
memory
retrieval of information that is not in our conscious awareness but had been learned at an earlier time
Recall
identifying items previously learned
recoginiton
learning something more quickly when you learn a second time
relearning
putting in new information
encoding
organizing the information
store
pull out the information
retrieve
the consideration of many aspects of a problem simultaneously
parallel processing
immediate very brief recording of sensory info in the memory system
sensory memory
memory that holds a few items before info is stored or forgotten
short term memory
relatively permanent and limitless storehouse of the memory system
long term memory
understanding of short term memory that adds conscious active processing of incoming auditory and visual information and of information retrieved from long term memory
working memory
DECLARATIVE
retention of facts and experiences from long term memory that one can declare HAVE TO TRY
explicit memory
NON-DECLARATIVE
retention of learned skills or classically conditioned associations in long term memory independent of conscious recollection
GOES RIGHT TO LONG TERM MEMORY
implicit memory
sensory memory using your eyes goes away super fast
iconic memory
auditory stimulus stays for 3-4 seconds
echoic memory
the ability
to juggle multiple items while processing
information
working memory capacity
organizing items into familiar manageable units
chunking
Memory aids: techniques that use vivid imagery + organizational devices
mnemonic devices
organize words or concepts into hierarchical groups
hierarchies
Distributed study or practice to yield better long term retention than is achieved through massed study or practice
spacing effect
repeated self testing (distributed practice)
Testing effect
Encoding on a basic level based on the structure or appearance of words
shallow processing
encoding semantically based on the meaning of word tends to yield the best retention
deep processing
Explicit memories
either sematic (facts and general knowledge) or episodic
experienced events
episodic
sending memories to their safe spots - happens during sleep
memory consolidation
Clear sustained long term memory of an emotionally significant moment or event
flashbulb memory
Putting yourself back in the context where you earlier experienced something
context dependent memory
what we learning one physiological state; may be more easily recalled when we are again in that state
state dependent memory
tendency to recall experiences that are consistent with ones current good or bad emotional state (mood)
mood congruent memory
