Vocab Finals Flashcards by Lucia Guido

the study of nature

science

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the study of matter and energy

physical science

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anything that has mass and volume

matter

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the ability to do work or cause change

energy

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amount of matter in an object

mass

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transfer of energy in which force is put on an object and the object moves in the direction of force

work

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set of steps used to solve a problem

scientific method

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educated guess made from previous observations and knowledge

hypothesis

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the amount of space an object takes up

volume

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any factor that can make a change in the result of an experiment

variable

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application of science to help people

technology

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an explanation of an event based on observations and experiment

theory

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statement that tells what happens in an event

law

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measure of the average kinetic energy of the atoms in an object

temperature

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mass per unit volume of a material

density

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something created to represent an idea

model

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visual display of information used to explain an idea or concept

graph

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the distance an object travels over a period of time

speed

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the distance an object travels over time and the objects direction

velocity

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the change of velocity of an object over time

acceleration

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g is

the acceleration of a falling object due to gravity in a vacuum (9.8 m/s2)

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a property of an object based on the object’s mass and velocity

momentum

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any object thrown /shot through air

projectile

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is a force between any objects dependent on the mass of the objects often defined as a downward force on all objects

gravity

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push or pull on an object

force

is equal forces but in opposite direction (net force=0)

balanced force

is a force that is greater in one direction

unbalanced force

is the sum of all forces acting on an object

net force

is the force that opposes the motion between 2 surfaces in contact

friction

an area without air

vacuum

is the friction caused by force of air acting on an object opposing the object’s motion

air resistance

the highest velocity a falling object will reach due to the forces of gravity and air resistance becoming balanced

terminal velocity

is the resistance of an object to any change in its motion

inertia

is when an object falls free without air resistance

free fall

the measurement of gravitational force on an object’s mass

weight

is a force from the center that makes an object move in a curved or circular path

centripetal force

is a device used to make work easier

machine

is the rage at which work is done

power

is a measure of how much work put into a machine is changed into useful work output by the machine

efficiency

theoretical machine in which the (Win)amount of work put into the machine is equal to the amount of (Wout) work you get out of the machine. (Win=Wout)

ideal machine

a machine’s ability to make work easier by making output force(four) greater than input force(Fin)

mechanical advantage

is the energy of an object due to the object’s motion

Kinetic Energy

is the energy of an of object at rest or energy stored by an object

potential energy

is a unit that measures the energy in food

calorie

is the total energy of an object, including both kinetic and potential

thermal energy

is the production of energy from the collisions between nuclei of atoms

nuclear fusion

the production of energy from the splitting of a uranium nuclei

nuclear fission

are energy sources found within the earth formed from the decay of plants and animals millions of years ago

fossil fuels

energy resources that can be produced as quickly as they are used

renewable energy resource

resources that are used up quicker than they can be made

non renewable energy resource

are devices that convert light energy to electricity

photovoltaic cells

“SI” unit for length

meters(m)

“SI” unit for mass

kilogram (kg)

“SI” unit for volume

cm3 for solid mL or L for liquid

“SI” unit for density

g/cm3 for solid g/mL for liquid

“SI” unit for time

seconds (s)

“SI” unit for temperature

kelvin (K)

“SI” unit for speed

meter per second (m/s)

“SI” unit for acceleration

meter per second squared (m/s2)

“SI” unit for force

Newton (N)

“SI” unit for weight

newton (N)

“SI” unit for work

joules (J)

“SI” unit for energy

joules (J)

“SI” unit for power

watt (w)

Law of conservation of energy

energy cannot be created not destroyed only transformed

Newton’s first law of motion

an object in motion stays in motion and an object at rest stays at rest unless acted on by an outside forve

Newton’s second law of motion

the amount of acceleration depends on the size of the amount of force

Newton’s third law of motion

for every action force there is an equal but opposite reaction force

speed formula

s= d/t

acceleration formula

a= change in velocity over time a=final velocity—initial velocity ——————— time

momentum formula

p=mass x volume

force formula

f=mass x acceleration

weight formula

w=mass x g(9.8)

power formula

p=work/time

work formula

w=force x distance

efficiency formula

wout/win x 100

mechanical advantage formula

ma= fout/fin

density formula

m/v

volume formula

length x width x height