Vocab Disorders

Question 1

Psychological Disorder

Answer 1

A syndrome marked by a clinically significant disturbance in an individual’s cognition, emotion regulation, or behavior.

Question 2

Medical Model

Answer 2

The concept that diseases, in this case psychological disorders, have physical causes that can be diagnosed, treated, and, in most cases, cured, often through treatment in a hospital.

Question 3

DSM-5

Answer 3

The American Psychiatric Association’s Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition; a widely used system for classifying psychological disorders

Question 4

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)

Answer 4

A psychological disorder marked by the appearance by age 7 of one or more of three key symptoms: extreme inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity

Question 5

Anxiety Disorders

Answer 5

Psychological disorders characterized by distressing, persistent anxiety or maladaptive behaviors that reduce anxiety

Question 6

Generalized anxiety disorder

Answer 6

An anxiety disorder in which a person is continually tense, apprehensive, and in a state of autonomic nervous system arousal

Question 7

Panic disorder

Answer 7

an anxiety disorder marked by unpredictable, minutes-long episodes of intense dread in which a person experiences terror and accompanying chest pain, choking, or other frightening sensations. Often followed by worry over a possible next attack

Question 8

Phobia

Answer 8

An anxiety disorder marked by a persistent, irrational fear and avoidance of a specific object, activity, or situation

Question 9

Agoraphobia

Answer 9

Fear or avoidance of situations, such as crowds or wide-open places, where one has felt loss of control and panic

Question 10

Social Anxiety disorder

Answer 10

Intense fear of social situations, leading to avoidance of such. (Formerly called social phobia.

Question 11

Rumination

Answer 11

Compulsive fretting; overthinking about our problems and their causes

Question 12

Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)

Answer 12

A disorder characterized by unwanted repetitive thoughts (obsessions) and/or actions (compulsions

Question 13

Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD)

Answer 13

A disorder characterized by haunting memories, nightmares, social withdrawal, jumpy anxiety, numbness of feeling, and/or insomnia that lingers for four weeks or more after a traumatic experience

Question 14

Post traumatic growth

Answer 14

Positive psychological changes as a result of struggling with extremely challenging circumstances and life crises

Question 15

Mood disorders

Answer 15

Psychological disorders characterized by emotional extremes. See major depressive disorder, mania, and bipolar disorder

Question 16

Major depressive disorder

Answer 16

A mood disorder in which a person experiences, in the absence of drugs or another medical condition, two or more weeks with five or more symptoms, at least one of which must be either (1) depressed mood or (2) loss of interest or pleasure

Question 17

Bipolar disorder

Answer 17

A disorder in which a person alternates between the hopelessness and lethargy of depression and the over-excited state of mania.

Question 18

Mania

Answer 18

A distinct period of abnormally and persistently elevated, expansive, or irritable mood in which majority of the following symptoms occur: inflated self-esteem or grandiosity, decreased need for sleep, more talkative than usual, flight of ideas or the feeling that thoughts are racing, and distractibility.

Question 19

Schizophrenia

Answer 19

A psychological disorder characterized by delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech, and/or diminished or inappropriate emotional expression

Question 20

Psychosis

Answer 20

A psychological disorder in which a person loses contact with reality, experiencing irrational ideas and distorted perceptions.

Question 21

Delusions

Answer 21

False beliefs, often of persecution or grandeur, that may accompany psychotic disorders.

Question 22

Hallucinations

Answer 22

false sensory experiences, such as seeing something in the absence of an external visual stimulus

Question 23

Somatic symptom disorder

Answer 23

A psychological disorder in which the symptoms take a somatic (bodily) form without apparent physical cause.

Question 24

Conversion disorder

Answer 24

A psychological disorder in which physical symptoms result in the loss of functioning not due to physical causes. (Also called functional neurological symptom disorder.

Question 25

Illness anxiety disorder

Answer 25

A disorder in which a person interprets normal physical sensations as symptoms of a disease.

Question 26

Dissociative disorders

Answer 26

Disorders in which conscious awareness becomes separated (dissociated) from previous memories, thoughts, and feelings.

Question 27

Dissociative identity disorder (DID)

Answer 27

a rare dissociative disorder in which a person exhibits two or more distinct and alternating personalities. Formerly called multiple personality disorder

Question 28

Anorexia Nervosa

Answer 28

An eating disorder in which a person (usually an adolescent female) maintain a starvation diet despite being significantly (15 percent or more) underweight

Question 29

Bulimia Nervosa

Answer 29

An eating disorder in which a person alternates binge eating (usually of high-calorie foods) with purging (by vomiting or laxative use) or fasting

Question 30

Binge-eating disorder

Answer 30

Significant binge-eating episodes, followed by distress, disgust, or guilt, but without the compensatory purging or fasting that marks bulimia nervosa

Question 31

Personality disorders

Answer 31

Psychological disorders characterized by inflexible and enduring behavior patterns that impair social functioning

Question 32

Antisocial personality disorder

Answer 32

A personality disorder in which a person (usually a man) exhibits a lack of conscience for wrongdoing, even toward friends and family members. May be aggressive and ruthless or a clever con artist