Vocab And Monohybrids Flashcards
Gregor Mendel
Father of genetics
Principle of dominance
States that some alleles dominant and others are recessive
Cross fertilization
The pollen from one plant fertilizes is the ova from a different plant
Heterozygous
The pairs of alleles present in a hybrid organism
Dominant
Only one copy of this allele must be present in order to see this trait
Gene
A segment of DNA that includes information for a specific trait
Allele
Term referring to the alternate variations in a trait (ex. Brown hair vs. blond hair)
Genotype
An organisms genetic make up
Heterozygous
Organism that has two different copies of an allele
Homologous chromosomes
Pairs of chromosomes and encoding information for the same traits
Homozygous
Organism that has two identical copies of an allele
Homozygous
The pairs of alleles present in a purebred organism
Law of segregation
When an organism produces gametes, the two alleles separate from one another so that each gamete carries only one allele
Phenotype
Physical appearance of an organism
Recessive
Two copies of the trait must be present in order to see this trait