Vocab Flashcards
Humanidad
Humankind / Mankind
to carry out something impressive and often dangerous that someone does
(Hacer, llevar a cabo una hazaña)
Perform a FEAT
Type of alcohol that is used as a fuel and is not suitable for drinking
Methylated spirits
a piece of equipment used for cooking meat by turning it around continuously on a long narrow piece of metal called a spit (asador de pollos)
Rottisserie
If some people are expressing their optimism, they are… h______
hopeful
able to accept an unpleasant situation calmly because you know that you cannot change it… p________
Philosophical
a mistake or fault in something that makes it useless or less effective F___
flaw
without any mistakes, marks, or bad features F___less
flawless
the process of getting rid of something
The d___ of nuclear waste
disposal
smt designed to be thrown away after you have used it once or a few times
a d____ face mask
disposable
To force someone to do something, or to get something from someone using force
To compel:
- compel someone to do something: The order compelled him to appear as a witness.
- feel compelled to do something: I feel compelled to write to thank youT
An increase in something such as business or economic activity (Last month saw an unexpected _____ in property prices.)
UPTURN
The place where water or liquid waste flows out of a pipe (desagüe)
outfall
The sudden start of war, disease, violence etc (Good hygiene can prevent the ____(brote, estallido, erupción) of an epidemic)
outbreak
Likely to pay back money that you borrow (solvent)
creditworthy /ˈkredɪtˌwɜː(r)ði/
a sudden loss of power, status, or success
bad investments that led to the company’s ___
DOWNFALL
a reduction in economic or business activity
a severe economic ___ DUT TO THIS PANDEMIC
DOWNTURN
a strong feeling of being connected with another person or group of people
KINSHIP
flat object, usually with raised edges, used for carrying food and drinks:
She was carrying a ____ of drinks.
TRAY
to become smaller, or to make something smaller:
Your sweater will ______ if you wash it at too high a temperature.
The company’s profits have ____ from $5.5 million to $1.25 million.
SHRINK
SHRANK
SHRUNK
a person’s husband or wife:
In 60 percent of the households surveyed both _____ went out to work.
SPOUSES
a useful or valuable quality, skill, or person:
He’ll be a great ____ to the team.
Her eyes are her best _____ (= most attractive feature).
Knowledge of languages is a real _____ in this sort of work.
ASSET
willing or eager to help:
I WAS SUCH AN ______ VOLUNTEER.
OBLIGING
to make a silly mistake /VERB/ a silly mistake /NOUN/
I made such a _____.
If Tom hadn’t ____ and missed that shot, we’d have won the game.
She ____ her lines (= said the words in the play wrong).
goof
goofed
If you describe a person as ______, you mean that they are ordinary with no special or extra features.
vanilla
an insulting word for smn who behaves in a stupid way
moron
\_\_\_ traveller (do it often) (do it on his/her own) (very brave) (very tired) (they know how to appreciate good things) (they know many about it) (do it frequently, cannot stop) (not careful/unconscious of possible risks/expenses)
\: \_\_ traveller frequent / seasoned independent intrepid weary discerning armchair inveterate unwary
a person who will legally receive money, property, or a title from another person, especially an older member of the same family, when that other person dies:
heir
a long, narrow space between rows of seats in an aircraft, cinema, or church:
(different than a corridor, that’s between rooms)
aisle /aɪl/
the long, thick hair that grows along the top of a horse’s neck or around the face and neck of a lion
mane
to exchange goods for other things rather than for money:
He ____ his stamp collection for her comics.
to barter
bartered
an angry expression of protest or shock by a lot of people, as a reaction to something that someone has done or to something that has happened
A massive public ____ against the monarchy in Spain lead by PODEMOS.
outcry
to divide something such as land between different people or countries, especially in a way that seems unfair
They did not want to see a bunch of foreigners_____their land.
to carve up
a slight idea or small piece of information that tells you that something might exist or be happening
The first _____ that something was wrong came on Wednesday.
inkling
an uncomfortable feeling when you doubt if you are doing the right thing:
(escrúpulos)
Sara had no ______ about lying to the police.
qualms
worry about the future, or a fear that something unpleasant is going to happen:
APPREHENSION
Synonym of worry:
The leader’s decline in popularity is causing ____ among supporters.
Disquiet
to hold a weapon or tool and look as if you are going to use it:
She was confronted by a man ____ a knife.
to have a lot of influence or power over other people:
He still ___ enormous influence in politics.
to wield:
WIELDING
WIELDS
(a cause of) a feeling of great sadness: (SADNESS)
The ____ she felt ___the death of her husband was almost too much to bear.
SORROW ___ AT/OVER
the quality of being boring for a long time:
Soldiers often say that the worst thing about fighting is not the moments of terror, but all the hours of _____ in between.
TEDIUM
a strong, often sudden, feeling that something is extremely unpleasant: (HORROR, REPULSION)
She looked at him with ____.
REVULSION
to hate someone or something:
From an early age the brothers have ____ each other.
Do you like fish?” “No, I ___- it.”
NOUN: He’s full of ____ and despair.
Loathe /ləʊð/
(loathed
loathe
loathing)
not sorry about having caused someone problems or unhappiness, even though people might expect you to be sorry:
they were very rude and completely _____ about it.
UNAPOLOGETIC
You can’t deny that global warming
It’s _______ that global warming (in the negative)
Undeniable
/ˌʌn.dɪˈnaɪ.ə.bəl/
There is a real need to raise consciousness
Many of us are still __________ (in the negative)
unconscious (only 1 S)
It won’t be possible to replace that vase, I’m afraid.
Unfortunately, that vase is …………………………………. . (IN THE NEGATIVE)
IRREPLACEABLE
existing in very great amounts that will never be finished:
There seemed to be an ____ supply of champagne at the wedding.
INEXHAUSTIBLE
Someone who is ____ behaves confidently and is not frightened to say what they want or believe (AND THE OPPOSITE)
ASSERTIVE / UNASSERTIVE
in danger of being damaged or destroyed:
The lives of thousands of birds are ______ as a result of the oil spill.
In jeopary /ˈdʒep.ə.di
at risk
to have existed for a particular length of time or since a particular time:
This tradition _______ to medieval times.
dates back
fairly close to the correct amount:
I’d say that $2 million is in the ____.
Ballpark
slightly worried or uncomfortable about a particular situation + prep
I feel a little ____ ____ asking her to do me such a big favour.
UNEASY ABOUT
to refuse to give something or to keep back something:
During the trial, the prosecution was accused of ____ crucial evidence from the defence.
She _____ her rent until the landlord agreed to have the repairs done.
WITHHOLD
withholding
withheld
causing you to feel great respect or admiration:
Niagara Falls really is an____ sight.
Her knowledge of cels is quite _____
AWE-INSPIRING
/ˈɔː.ɪnˌspaɪə.rɪŋ
without a pause or interruption: contin___s
continUOUs
the act of covering something to stop heat, sound, or electricity from escaping or entering,
This material provides very good _____ against the arctic cold.
INSULATION
an occasion when an activity is done in an extreme way, especially eating, drinking, or spending money:
a drinking/eating/spending ___
He went on a five day drinking ____.
BINGE
to remove fears, doubts, and false ideas, usually by proving them wrong or unnecessary:
I’d like to start the speech by _____ a few rumours that have been spreading recently.He was keen to ____ any illusions we might have had.
DISPEL
dispelling
dispel
to laugh repeatedly in a quiet but uncontrolled way, often at something silly or rude or when you are nervous: (risilla)
Stop that ___ in the back row!
GIGGLING
considered ordinary or normal and accepted or used by most people
These children have all been excluded from _____ schools.
The story was largely ignored by the _____ press.
MAINSTREAM
an event, decision etc that provides a clear sign of what someone is really like or what their intentions are
(PRUEBA DE FUEGO)
The vote will be a______ for how serious the international community is about tackling environmental problems.
litmus test
great danger, or something that is very dangerous:
I never felt that my life was in _____.
Teenagers must be warned about the ____ of unsafe sex.
PERILS
the fact that two people or things look like each other or are similar in some other way:
There was a clear family ____ between all the brothers.
These prices bear no ____ to (= are completely different from) the ones I saw printed in the newspaper.
resemblance
to hate someone or something and have no respect for them
I ______ him for the way he treated his children.
DESPISE
despised
an idea, plan, or person with no chance of success:
The proposal was a ____ from the beginning because there was no possibility of funding.
NON-STARTER
someone’s way of moving and behaving:
She had a proud, distinguished _____.
bearing
demeanour /dɪˈmiː.nər/
something that is considered to be a sign of how a future event will take place: (augurio)
a sneaking ____
Many people believe that a broken mirror is an ____ of bad luck.
omen ˈəʊ.mən/
a _____ cost or price prevents people from buying something because it is too expensive
prohibitive
more of something than is necessary:
Keep one cup of the liquid and throw away the ____.
Brussels has a ____ of hospital beds.
surplus
The new law will be ____ by Parliament in the spring.
passed
the end of something that was previously considered to be powerful, such as a business, industry, or system:
The _____ of the company was sudden and unexpected.
Huge corporate farms have led to the ____ of many small, family-owned farms.
DEMISE
surprised, confused, and not certain how to react:
I was completely _____ by his reply.
nonplussed
a typical characteristic or feature of a person or thing:
Simplicity is a ______ of this design.
This explosion bears/has all the _____ of (= is likely to have been) a terrorist attack.
hallmarks
a house or place to live in:
There is an estimated shortfall of some five million _____ across the country.
a person who lives in a city, town, cave, etc.
City ___
Dwelling
Dwellers
the unpleasant physical and mental effects that result when you stop doing or taking something, especially a drug, that has become a habit
He was suffering from all the classic ______ associated with giving up heroin.
figurative humorous: I haven’t watched any TV for over a week and I’m having _____.
withdrawal symptoms
/wɪðˈdrɔː.əl ˌsɪmp.təmz/
the reduction, by legal methods, of the amount of tax that a person or company pays
tax avoidance
made or done by someone whose name is not known or not made public:
The money was donated by an ____ benefactor.
anonymous (spelling)
a company that does not itself do or own anything, but is used to hide a person’s or another company’s activities, sometimes illegal ones (sociedades fantasmas):
shell company
the crime of moving money that has been obtained illegally through banks and other businesses to make it seem as if the money has been obtained legally
AND
PEOPLE WHO DO IT
MONEY LAUNDERING
MONEY LAUNDERERS
relating to a system of controlling or managing a country, company, or organization that is operated by a large number of officials:
the company was inefficient because it was highly ____.
AND NOUN
bureaucratic
bureaucracy
he member of a family who earns the money that the family needs:
Men are often expected to be the ____ in a family, but not anymore.
breadwinner
the belief that women are naturally less important, intelligent, or able than men, and should be treated differently
male chauvinism
ˌmeɪl ˈʃəʊ.vɪ.nɪ.zəm
feelings of great unhappiness and loss of hope:
Bergman’s films are often full of ___ and despair.
gloom
in a careful way that involves a lot of effort:
After having ________ reflected about it
They did their job ______.
WORD AND SPELLING
conscientiously
a situation in which something is advertised and discussed in newspapers, on television, etc. a lot in order to attract everyone’s interest:
Despite all the _______ this issue, there are still many people who remain uninformed.
There’s been a lot of _____ his latest film.
HYPE AROUND/SURROUNDING
achieve and advantage/money from smt:
How can society actually ______ this sort of technology?
All in all, without a doubt whatsoever, we can ____ many elements related to ICT.
PROFIT/BENEFIT FROM
to try very hard to do something or to make something happen, especially for a long time or against difficulties:
Even though I had to come up against very tough conditions, I _____ for perfection in class (and tenses)
STRIVE/STROVE/STRIVEN
Strove
one of several layers or levels:
We sat in one of the upper ____ of the football stands.
My wedding cake had four ___, each supported by small pillars.
tier/s
/tɪər
a ____ fruit has a lot of soft inside (carnosa)
fleshy
____food needs to be crushed a lot before it is swallowed:
The meat was tasteless and ___.
chewy
/ˈtʃu·i/
gentle, loving, or kind:
a ____ look/smile
easy to cut or chew:
My steak was beautifully ____
TENDER
very beautiful and delicate:
an _____ piece of china
She has _____ taste.
EXQUISITE
/ɪkˈskwɪz.ɪt
____ fruit is too soft and does not taste very good
OVERRIPE
/ˌəʊ.vəˈraɪp/
to cut, tear, or pull the arms and legs off the body of a dead person or animal:
The police found the ____ body of a young man in the murderer’s freezer.
dismember
dismembered
in the middle of or surrounded by:
On the floor, ____mounds of books, were two small envelopes.
and more so ___ the current situation/pandemic/whatever
amid
a first small event or problem that causes a much worse situation to develop:
That small incident was the ____ that set off the street riots.
They ____ my interest in Education.
spark
sparked
unpleasant, immoral, and unacceptable:
This ____ policy of ethnic cleansing must be stopped.
You anti-vaxxers are ___.
vile
someone who says something is not possible, is not good, or will fail /detractor):
He ignored the ____ and persevered.
naysayer/s
/ˈneɪˌseɪ.ər/
newspapers, magazines, television, and radio stations and the people who work for them who are thought to have a lot of political influence
the Fourth Estate
showing an unreasonable like or dislike for a person based on personal opinions: (sesgado)
The newspapers gave a very __ report of the meeting.
I think she’s beautiful but then I’m __ since she’s my daughter.
biased
A ___ problem or subject is difficult to deal with:
the ___ issue as is it vaccination
thorny
to appear as a large, often frightening or unclear shape or object:
Dark storm clouds ____ on the horizon.
than marriages in which other issues ____larger
loom
loomed
loomed
someone who takes care of a person who is young, old, or sick:
the breadwinners feel taken advantage of and the
___ feel criticized.
caregiver
to handle and move something carefully or with difficulty
As a result she would hide purchases from him, a
_____some financial advisers call ‘financial infidelity’.
maneuver
strongly desired by many:
The Caldecott Medal is a ____ children’s book award.
COVETED
/ˈkʌv·ə·t̬ɪd/
the central part of a city:
It’s impossible to park in the ____.
city centRe
an area around a city where many people who work in the city live
In the London ____, house prices rose by up to 13.6%
(+)
Downsides of living in a ____ town.
commuter belt commuter town (not commuting)
a number of things of the same type fastened or closely grouped together, or any particular group of things or people:
We ate a whole ____ of grapes.
They’re a nice ____ of people.
infml I’ve got a ___ of things to do.
bunch
an advantage or a good feature: informal
Your teaching experience will be a ___ in this job.
plus
to go and tell someone something/asking to keep h/self posted:
____ when it’s ready.
Give me a shout
amount of carbon dioxide that their activities produce.:
We have partnered with nearby farms, hoping to reduce the _____ of our delivery trucks.
carbon footprint
removing trees, stumps, and other vegetation from wooded areas.
land clearing
a chemical that is used in farming to help grow crops or kill insects:
they produce a wide range of _____ including pesticides, fungicides, herbicides, and seed treatments.
agrochemicals
to show the best qualities or parts of something:
In the opening set, he _____ his own songs.
We wanted a season that would _____ all the different kinds of things we do.
showcase
showcased
the amount of the earth’s energy that someone or something uses:
I’m trying to reduce my ________ by cycling more and driving less.
ecological footprint
a reduction in water due to superfoods
water depletion
dɪˈpliː.ʃən/
a process in which the value of the biophysical environment is affected by a combination of human-induced processes acting upon the land
land degradation
a long period when there is little or no rain: This year (a) severe \_\_\_\_ has ruined the crops.
drought
UK /draʊt/
a person who studies a subject in great detail, especially at a university
schOlar
confusion and lack of order, especially causing damage or trouble:
The storm wreaked (= caused) ____ in the garden, uprooting trees and blowing a fence down.
havoc
the act of censoring books, films, etc.:
____ of the press
censorship
the belief that people are only interested in themselves and are not sincere:
He’s often been accused of _____ in his attitude towards politics.
Such behaviour only bred ___ about the business world.
cynicism
An ____ book, speech, or article is in its original form and has not been made shorter.
unabridged
the most important or exciting point in a story or situation, especially when this happens near the end:
The ____ of the air show was a daring flying display.
The election campaign reaches its ____ next week.
climax
an illegal plan for making money, especially one that involves tricking people: (estafa)
an insurance ___
scam
unsuccessful; of no value:
The doctors gave him more powerful drugs in the ___ hope that he might recover.
vain
to promise that you will do something:
[ + to infinitive ] She _____ not to publish the names of the people involved.
[ + that ] The government ____ that the buildings would not be redeveloped.
undertook
a new window that opens quickly on a computer screen in front of what you are working on:
software to block ____
pop-ups
to avoid doing or stop yourself from doing something:
We ____ from talking until we knew that it was safe.
The sign on the wall said “Please ___ from smoking.”
refrain
refrained
If a small dog ____, it makes short, high sounds:
She has a horrible little dog that ___ around your ankles.
but like the cutesy mechanical toy puppy that turns up ___ in the middle of the film
yap: similar to barking
yaps
yapping
the experience of expressing strong emotions that previously were blocked:
It’s the director’s hope that Germans who see his movie will go through a ___ similar to his own.
catharsis
knowledge of an event before it happens
This is not to say that there are no problems with affirming divine ___.
foreknowledge
synonym of although:
The evening was very pleasant, ___ a little quiet.
He tried, ___ without success.
albeit
a herb whose smell is very attractive to cats /// someone or something that cannot be resisted
Alternate universes, parallel lives, and the road not taken are usually irresistible ___ for me.
He was ___ for the media.
catnip
sad and without hope:
a ___ expression
dismal
to cause someone to become very angry:
Plans to build a new nightclub in the neighbourhood have ____ local residents.
enrage
enraged
upset or mentally ill:
I sometimes think that your mother is a little ___.
They aren’t the darkest, or most ____
unhinged
help and comfort when you are feeling sad or worried:
When his wife left him, he found ___ in the bottle (= drank alcohol).
Music was a great ___ to me.
solace
/ˈsɒl.ɪs/
a method of selling in which a product is advertised at a very low price to attract customers, who are then persuaded to buy a different product at a higher price:
It seems to him that many brokers have been doing a _____, luring customers with low rates and fees, then increasing those costs near the closing date.
___tactics
bait-and-switch
When you go to the theatre, you have to be willing to ____ disbelief (= to act as if you believe that what you are seeing is real or true, although you know that it is not).
suspend
starting from this time; in the future:
Elizabeth Gaskell’s novel “Ruth” will ___ be cited within the text as EG.
hereafter
number of things that have been fastened or are held together:
a ____ of clothes/newspapers/books
a ___ of sticks
a ___ of algorithms
bundle
in good condition; (of a person) healthy, or (of a thing) not broken or damaged:
a person of ___ mind
Engineers had to close the bridge because it was not ___
idea that the technology itself is technically___
sound
to become smaller in size or amount, or fewer in number (similar to shrink: size/clothes)
The community has ____ to a tenth of its former size in the last two years.
Her hopes of success in the race ____ last night as the weather became worse.
A __________ demand.
DWINDLE
dwindled
dwindled
dwindling
the use of children to do work that should be done by adults:
The problem of ____ is still front and center in the globalized economy.
They called for a boycott of the garments that had been produced by ______.
child labour (leibah)
Something ______________has a great influence on many people or things:
These new laws will have_______ benefits for all working mothers.
far-reaching
a situation in which goods are deliberately made or designed so that they do not last for a long period of time:
Critics of ______ call it wasteful and dishonest, while supporters say that it is good for the economy
planned obsolescence
something that is not worth what you pay for it:
$300 for that shirt? - That’s a complete _____.
rip-off
different from SCAM: a rip-off it’s actually legal
(used especially in reporting questions and expressing doubts) if, or not:
I wasn’t sure ____ you’d like it.
She asked me ___ I was interested in working for her
whether
excellent or extremely good:
That restaurant’s/movie’s really ___.
top-notch
first-rate (extremely good)
out of this world
extremely exciting or surprising:
The special effects in this film are pretty ______.
mind-blowing.
to have someone’s attention completely so that they cannot think of anything else:
I was completely ____ by the performance.
It was absolutely _____-.
mesmerised
mesmerising
very unlikely to be true, and difficult to believe:
a ___ idea/story
far-fetched
to advertise or praise something more than it deserves in newspapers, on television, online, etc., i:
Probably only one in 20 of these stocks will retain their present _____ levels.
The film is rather _____.
over-hyped
the plural of life
lives
quality of being suitable for a particular occasion or use:
I bought these shoes for their _______, not their appearance.
Yet, what may very well appear to be an asset in terms of _____, may have highly detrimental consequences if not used adequately
practicality
NOT PRACTICITY
very unusual or easily noticed, and therefore attracting a lot of attention:
She bears a _____ resemblance to her mother.
There’s a ____ contrast between what he does and what he says he does.
ATTENTION TO SPELLING
striking
to send out a beam, noise, smell, or gas:
The alarm ___ infrared rays which are used to detect any intruder.
emits (JUST 1 M)
Something, especially a gas or other substance, that is ____ is poisonous or very harmful:
They died from inhaling _____ fume
noxious
relating to the way in which the bodies of living things work:
Touching causes a _____ reaction.
the ____ effects of deep-sea diving
SPELLING AND PRO
physiological
/ˌfɪz.i.əˈlɒdʒ.ɪ.kəl/
to make something bad such as pain or problems less severe:
The drugs did nothing to _____ her pain/suffering.
ATTENTION TO SPELLING
alleviate
After having conscientiously reflected ____ it
on
