vocab Flashcards
Trochlea
A pulley; the pool shaped medial portion of the condyle of the humerus
Calcification
The deposition of calcium salts within a tissue
Osteoclasts
A cell that dissolves the fibers and matrix of a bone
endosteum
an incomplete cellular lining on the inner surfaces of bones
meatus
an opening or entrance into a passageway
Callus
a localized thickening of the epidermis due to chronic mechanical stresses
comminuted
broken or crushed into small pieces
intramembranous ossification
the formation of bone within a connective tissue without the prior development of a cartilaginous
appositional growth
the enlargement of a cartilage or bone by the addition of cartilage or bony matrix at its surface
foramen/foramina
openings or passages through a bone
ectopic
outside the normal location
sulcus
a groove or furrow
articulate cartilage
the cartilage pad that covers the surface of a bone inside a joint cavity
trochanter
large process near the head of the femur
epiphyseal cartilage
the cartilaginous region between the epiphysis and diaphysis of a growing bone
osteocyte
a bone cell responsible for the maintenance and turnover of the mineral content of the surrounding bone
periosteum
the later that surrounds a bone, consisting of an outer fibrous region and inner cellular region
ossification
the formation of bone
epiphysis
the head of a long bone
lamellae
concentric layers
canaliculi
microscopic passageways between cells
metaphysis
the region of a long bone between the epiphysis and diaphysis
tuberosity
a large, roughened elevation on a bony surface
endochondral ossification
the replacement of a cartilaginous model by bone
squamous
flattened
spongy bone
bone that consists of an open network of struts and plates that resembles a latticework
parathyroid glands
four small glands embedded in the posterior surface of the thyroid gland; secrete parathyroid hormone
osteolysis
the breakdown of the mineral matrix of bone
central canal
longitudinal canal in the center of an osteon that contains blood vessels and nerves, a passageway along the longitudinal axis of the spinal cord that contains cerebrospinal fluid
sutural bones
irregular bones that form in fibrous tissue between the flat bones of the developing cranium
sesamoid bone
a bone that forms within a tendon
osteoblast
a cell that produces the fibers and matrix of bone
trabecular bone
bone that consists of an open network of struts and plates that resembles a latticework
condyle
a rounded articular projection on the surface of a bone
articular
pertaining to a joint
thyroid gland
an endocrine gland whose lives are lateral to the thyroid cartilage of the larynx
fossa
a shallow depression or furrow in the surface of a bone
ramus/rami
a branch/branches
calcitonin
the hormone secreted by C cells of the thyroid when calcium ion concentrations are abnormally high
osteogenic layer
the inner, cellular layer of the periosteum that aids in bone growth and repair
parathyroid hormone
a hormone secreted by the parathyroid glands when blood calcium levels decrease below the normal range
lacuna
a small pit or cavity
medullary cavity
the space within a bone that contains the marrow
fracture
a break or crack in a bone
hematoma
an abnormal collection of clotted or partially clotted blood outside a blood vessel
trabecula
a connective tissue partition that subdivides an organ
diaphysis
the shaft of a long bone
compact bone
dense bone that contains parallel osteons
sinus
a chamber or hollow in a tissue; a large, dilated vein
wormian bones
irregular bones that form in fibrous tissue between the flat bones of the developing cranium
