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A+P exam #2 > vocab > Flashcards

vocab Flashcards

1
Q

Trochlea

A

A pulley; the pool shaped medial portion of the condyle of the humerus

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2
Q

Calcification

A

The deposition of calcium salts within a tissue

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3
Q

Osteoclasts

A

A cell that dissolves the fibers and matrix of a bone

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4
Q

endosteum

A

an incomplete cellular lining on the inner surfaces of bones

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5
Q

meatus

A

an opening or entrance into a passageway

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6
Q

Callus

A

a localized thickening of the epidermis due to chronic mechanical stresses

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7
Q

comminuted

A

broken or crushed into small pieces

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8
Q

intramembranous ossification

A

the formation of bone within a connective tissue without the prior development of a cartilaginous

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9
Q

appositional growth

A

the enlargement of a cartilage or bone by the addition of cartilage or bony matrix at its surface

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10
Q

foramen/foramina

A

openings or passages through a bone

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11
Q

ectopic

A

outside the normal location

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12
Q

sulcus

A

a groove or furrow

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13
Q

articulate cartilage

A

the cartilage pad that covers the surface of a bone inside a joint cavity

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14
Q

trochanter

A

large process near the head of the femur

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15
Q

epiphyseal cartilage

A

the cartilaginous region between the epiphysis and diaphysis of a growing bone

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16
Q

osteocyte

A

a bone cell responsible for the maintenance and turnover of the mineral content of the surrounding bone

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17
Q

periosteum

A

the later that surrounds a bone, consisting of an outer fibrous region and inner cellular region

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18
Q

ossification

A

the formation of bone

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19
Q

epiphysis

A

the head of a long bone

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20
Q

lamellae

A

concentric layers

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21
Q

canaliculi

A

microscopic passageways between cells

22
Q

metaphysis

A

the region of a long bone between the epiphysis and diaphysis

23
Q

tuberosity

A

a large, roughened elevation on a bony surface

24
Q

endochondral ossification

A

the replacement of a cartilaginous model by bone

25
Q

squamous

A

flattened

26
Q

spongy bone

A

bone that consists of an open network of struts and plates that resembles a latticework

27
Q

parathyroid glands

A

four small glands embedded in the posterior surface of the thyroid gland; secrete parathyroid hormone

28
Q

osteolysis

A

the breakdown of the mineral matrix of bone

29
Q

central canal

A

longitudinal canal in the center of an osteon that contains blood vessels and nerves, a passageway along the longitudinal axis of the spinal cord that contains cerebrospinal fluid

30
Q

sutural bones

A

irregular bones that form in fibrous tissue between the flat bones of the developing cranium

31
Q

sesamoid bone

A

a bone that forms within a tendon

32
Q

osteoblast

A

a cell that produces the fibers and matrix of bone

33
Q

trabecular bone

A

bone that consists of an open network of struts and plates that resembles a latticework

34
Q

condyle

A

a rounded articular projection on the surface of a bone

35
Q

articular

A

pertaining to a joint

36
Q

thyroid gland

A

an endocrine gland whose lives are lateral to the thyroid cartilage of the larynx

37
Q

fossa

A

a shallow depression or furrow in the surface of a bone

38
Q

ramus/rami

A

a branch/branches

39
Q

calcitonin

A

the hormone secreted by C cells of the thyroid when calcium ion concentrations are abnormally high

40
Q

osteogenic layer

A

the inner, cellular layer of the periosteum that aids in bone growth and repair

41
Q

parathyroid hormone

A

a hormone secreted by the parathyroid glands when blood calcium levels decrease below the normal range

42
Q

lacuna

A

a small pit or cavity

43
Q

medullary cavity

A

the space within a bone that contains the marrow

44
Q

fracture

A

a break or crack in a bone

45
Q

hematoma

A

an abnormal collection of clotted or partially clotted blood outside a blood vessel

46
Q

trabecula

A

a connective tissue partition that subdivides an organ

47
Q

diaphysis

A

the shaft of a long bone

48
Q

compact bone

A

dense bone that contains parallel osteons

49
Q

sinus

A

a chamber or hollow in a tissue; a large, dilated vein

50
Q

wormian bones

A

irregular bones that form in fibrous tissue between the flat bones of the developing cranium

A+P exam #2 (1 decks)

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