Vocab 9

Question 1

Wrote Two Treatises of Government, which outlined the Natural Rights of Life, Liberty, and Property

Answer 1

John Locke

Question 2

Right(s) that belong to all humans from birth

Answer 2

Natural Right(s)

Question 3

Wrote Candide, which defended freedom of speech and thought

Answer 3

Voltaire

Question 4

Wrote the Spirit of Laws, which designed a three-branch system of government

Answer 4

Baron de Montesquieu

Question 5

Wrote the Social Contract, which stressed that man was born free and became corrupted

Answer 5

Jean-Jacques Rousseau

Question 6

The period in the 1700’s in which people rejected traditional ideas and supported a belief in human reason

Answer 6

Enlightenment

Question 7

Agreement by which people give up their freedom to a powerful government in order to avoid chaos

Answer 7

Social Contract

Question 8

Wrote the Leviathan, which supported absolutism because man is naturally evil and must be controlled by the government

Answer 8

Thomas Hobbes

Question 9

Russian Czar who Westernized Russia and centralized royal power

Answer 9

Peter the Great

Question 10

A single ruler who has completes authority

Answer 10

Autocrat

Question 10

Absolute ruler who used royal power to reform society

Answer 10

Enlightened Despot

Question 11

German born ruler of an efficient, autocratic Russian government; she expanded South to gain warm water ports

Answer 11

Catherine the Great

Question 12

A period during which French revolutionary courts executed 40,000 people mostly by use of the guillotine

Answer 12

Reign of Terror

Question 13

Ruler with complete authority over the government and the lives of the people

Answer 13

Absolute Monarch

Question 14

Absolute monarch of France referred to as the Sun King

Answer 14

Louis XIV (14th)

Question 15

Group formed mostly by the Third Estate in France in 1789 with the intention of writing a new constitution

Answer 15

National Assembly

Question 16

French document which was a first step towards writing a constitution

Answer 16

Declaration of the Rights of Man

Question 17

A revolt by a small group intended to overthrow the government

Answer 17

Coup d’etat

Question 18

The middle class

Answer 18

Bourgeoisie

Question 19

Chief architect of the Reign of Terror

Answer 19

Maximilien Robespierre

Question 20

Belief that a ruler’s authority comes directly from God

Answer 20

Divine Right

Question 20

French General who became self-proclaimed Emperor of France

Answer 20

Napoleon Bonaparte

Question 21

A set of acts passed by Parliament to ensure its superiority over the monarchy and guarantee certain rights to citizens

Answer 21

English Bill of Rights

Question 22

Representative assembly of a country, which is led by a Prime Minister

Answer 22

Parliament

Question 23

Government in which a constitution or legislative body limits the monarch’s powers

Answer 23

Limited Monarchy