Vocab Flashcards
Ventilation
The amount of gas reaching the alveoli
Respiratory system
Supply blood with oxygen for cellular respiration and dispose of carbon dioxide
Chemical equation
C6H12O6 + 6O2 —> 6CO2 + 6H2O + ATP
Respiratory System Processes
Pulmonary ventilation (breathe): movement of air into and out of lungs
External respiration: exchange of O2 and CO2 between lungs
Circulatory System Processes
Transport of O2 and CO2 in blood
Internal Respiration: exchange of O2 and CO3 between capillaries and tissues
Proper terms for inhale and exhale
Inhale: inspiration
Exhale: expiration
Upper respiratory system organs
Nose and nasal cavity
Paranasal sinuses
Pharynx (throat)
Nose and Paranasal sinuses
Provides airways for respiration
Moistens and warms entering air
Filters and cleans inspired air
Serves as resonating chamber for speech
Houses olfactory System
2 regions of the nose
External nose
Nasal cavity
Nasal conchae/ turbinates
During inhalation, conchae and nasal musical filter, heat, and moisten air
During exhalation these structures reclaim heat and moisture
Nasal cavity
Within and posterior to external nose
Collated cells sweep contaminated mucus posterior your towards throat
Contains sensory nerve endings that causes sneezing
Nasal cavity division
Divided by midline nasal septum
- septal cartilage, comer bone, and ethmoid bone
- serous mucus nasal glands contain mucus secreting mucous cells and serous cells
Paranasal sinuses
Form ring around nasal cavities
Located in frontal, sphenoid, ethmoid, and maxillary bones
Lighten skull
Secrete mucus
Help warm and moisten air
4 Paranasal sinuses
Frontal
Ethmoid
Nasal
Maxillary
Pharynx
Funnel-shaped, muscular tube that runs from base of skull to vertebra C6
- connects nasal cavity and mouth to larynx and esophagus
- composed of skeletal muscle
3 regions of the pharynx
Naso-
Oro-
Laryngo-/hypo-
Mucous membrane
Moistens air as it passes through the nasal cavity
Nasopharynx
Posterior to nasal cavity
Lining contains pseudo stratified columnar epithelium
Soft palate and uvula close it during swallowing
Nasopharynx tubes
Pharyngotympanic Tubes/Eustachian tubes/auditory tubes
Drain and equalize pressure in middle ear and open into lateral walls
Oropharynx
Passageway for food and air from level of soft palate to epiglottis
Lining consists of stratified squamous epithelium
Laryngopharynx
Food and air passageway
Posterior to upright epiglottis
Extend to larynx, where it is continuous with esophagus
Lined with stratified squamous epithelium
The 5 Arteries
Superior labial artery
Sphenopaltine Artery
Internal carotid artery
External carotid artery
Anterior labial artery
Bones of the nose
Perpendicular plate of ethtmoid bone
Vomerine bone
Nasal cartilage
Vomer
Palatine
Maxilla
Greater alar cartilage
Septal cartilage
Rhinitis
Inflammation of nasal mucosa
Infections spread from nose to throat to chest because of respiratory tract
Spread to tear duct and Paranasal sinuses causing blockage of sinuses resulting in sinitis
Lead to absorption of air producing vaccines resulting in sinus headache
Tonsillitis
Infected and swollen adenoids block air passageway In nasopharynx
Air is not properly moistened, warmed, or filtered before reaching lungs
Adenoids chronically enlarged disturbing speech and sleep
