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Urban Geog. > Vocab > Flashcards

Vocab Flashcards

1
Q

Sustainability

A

the capacity for:
o Human health and well being
o Economic vitality and prosperity
o Environmental resource abundance

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2
Q

Resilience

A 
-	Resilience is the capacity to:
o	Overcome unexpected problems
o	Adapt to change – eg. Sea level rise
o	Prepare for and survive catastrophes
the ability of a system to absorb disturbance and reorganize to retain essentially the same function, structure, identity and feedbacks
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3
Q

What are some jobs I can do?

A
  • Urban planning- govt., private sector
  • Urban design- architecture, landscape arch., environmental design
  • Public administration- municipalities, etc.
  • Real estate and development
  • Engineering: civil, private
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4
Q

What is Urban

A

Urban is where land has been converted from a natural landscape to a developed one by humans

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5
Q

Geography

A

The study of Space and Time and how the two interact

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6
Q

Epistomology

A

How do we know what we know

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7
Q

Positivism

A

scientific method how can you disagree with my numbers

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8
Q

Structuralism

A

agrees with Postivism- but thinking that knowledge is more than just data- need to dig into it a bit deeper

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9
Q

Humanism

A

positivism is too scientific- meaning and experience is more important: we need to understand people not just numbers

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10
Q

Post- structuralism

A

realities are socially produced

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11
Q

The 3 Preconditions to urban formation

A

Technology, Ecology, Power

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12
Q

4 key factors to the emergence of towns and cities

A

Agricultural surplus, religion (theocracy), defensive needs, trading requirements

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13
Q

Ancient city: sumerian city- UR

A
  • Very similar to how we currently build cities
  • near a water body
    central
    public space
    defensive walls
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14
Q

Imperial City: Rome

A
  • organized as a means to establish territory

- take over territory + establish other cities

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15
Q

Trading/capitalist city: venice

A
  • controlling trade
  • early tourist city
  • established to make money
  • geographically positioned to optimize on the land for success
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16
Q

Industrial City: London

A
  • Industrial Revolution
  • late 1700;s- early 1800’s
  • manufacturing city
  • Economies of scale
    changes in the power supply-> coal + steam engine
  • Poor health situations
  • Technical improvements in machinery
  • shift in production to factory systems
    combustion engine -> FORD- changed the world
  • Life was hard
    -“kids are the salmon of our cities”
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17
Q

What is the Fertile Crescent?

A
  • Under Iran
  • above syrian Dessert
    -the historical version of the fraser valley
    Surrounded by water on each side
  • first settlements beginning to form
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18
Q

What were the waves of transportation>

A

Canals ,Rail, Car, Airplane, Maglev next?

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19
Q

Primate City

A
  • cities that concentrate a high degree of the entire national population or of national political, intellectual, or economic life- ie Paris or Bangkok
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20
Q

Gateway City

A

a city that serves as a link between one country or region and others because of its physical location- ie Vancouver, Sydney, New York

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21
Q

World City

A
  • centers of the world economy, places where critical decision making and interaction take place with regard to global economic, cultural, and political issues- ie London, Tokyo, New York
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22
Q

What are the 3 levels of scale

A

Global, Regional/National, Metropolitan

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23
Q

What are the Preconditions to Urban Formation

A

Technology, Ecology, Power

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24
Q

What is Vances Mercantile Cities model?

A
  • based on business and trade
  • 1st explore from Europe, bring back information
  • 2nd use info to harvest resources to bring back to Europe and sell goods back to mainland
  • 3rd make settlements- farming base of ops
  • 4th emergence of regional gateway cities- optimize for trade- warehouses, little residential, lots of connectivity
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25
Q

What shape fills the requirements of Central Place Theory, and why?

A

A hexagon, because it divides the space evenly , each market region has the least distance possible, and has a uniform shape

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26
Q

Why is driving so ‘cheap’ here

A

Because we aren’t paying the true price: time lost, environmental costs, sprawl

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27
Q

How did Suburbs develop

A

Downtowns were crummy places to live (unhealthy, dirty, gross) people who had the means moved outside for “country Living” - was too popular, and everyone moved out and gutted out the downtown

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28
Q

What are the different kinds of suburbs, give an example

A

Streetcar- Dunbar, Kits

Car- Richmond, Burnaby

29
Q

Why are suburbs unsustainable

A

The density is too low, so it’s a drain on resourses (Environmental), not dense enough to sustain a business (economic), can’t make friends and a community because people are always in their cars (social)

30
Q

How do we retrofit suburbs

A

Increase density to make them little cities, but keep the buildings low-rise

31
Q

What fuel allowed for sprawl

A

Cheap Oil- now we are reaching peak oil- unsustainable without it

32
Q

Why do the suburbs not work

A

There are no amenities- it’s the inconveniences of the country and the city

33
Q

Why are Suburbs Environmentally unsustainable

A
  • Peak oil
  • building onto the ALR
  • The need to drive everywhere
34
Q

Why are Suburbs Socially unsustainable

A
  • Lack of accessability to seniors, minorities of all sorts

- Distances too far, become isolated due to car

35
Q

Why are Suburbs Economically unsustainable

A
  • Not dense enough for a business need foot traffic

- Need to buy everything- consumer debt

36
Q

Endogenous

A

An internal pressure (Slow burn)

37
Q

Exogenous

A

An external pressure (Fast burn)

38
Q

What are two Endogenous pressures to Suburbia

A
  • Social- there’s no place for disable people like seniors

- Environmental- aging infrastructure

39
Q

What are two Exogenous pressures to Suburbia

A
  • Environmental- not resilient (what happens if the hwy collapses)
  • uses too may resources
40
Q

What can we do about Suburbia?

A

Make usable, livable cities

  • more parks/green space
  • densify
  • Mixed use buildings
  • carpooling
41
Q

What are 3 examples of

endogenous pressures

A

climate change, infrastructure decay, aging population

42
Q

What are 3 examples of

exogenous pressures

A

refugees, cataclysmic events, resource constraints

43
Q

Sustainable Urbanization

A

represents the objective for managing the dynamics of future city development to achieve desirable environmental, social, economic and political- institutional outcome for the long term.

44
Q

Vulnurable infrastructure- what are two direct threats

A

Earthquakes, flash flooding

45
Q

Vulnurable infrastructure- what are two indirect threats

A
  • Winter in vancouver- Buses and cars need winter tires, salt, and sand
  • Overuse- the intersection of Main and 12th has grooves from where cars go over- water will pool there
46
Q

What can be done about Vulnurable infrastructure

A

Cities need to plan for the long term investment to maintain and update to make it as convenient as possible

47
Q

What is an example of a sustainable community and why?

A

Marine Gateway because it’s dense, has good access to transit

48
Q

Globalization

A

is the process of international integration arising from the interchange of world views, products, ideas, and other aspects of culture

49
Q

Capitalism

A

an economic system based on private ownership of the means of production and their operation for profit

50
Q

What happens when Capitalism and Globalization get together?

A

Hyper global capitalism

51
Q

What is the difference between a Multinational and a transnational corporation and what is an example of each

A
  • A Multinational corp. is based and fundementally tied to one home nation-state. - ex. Walmart
  • A Transnational corp. is not attached to a single nation-state- ex. Coca-cola
52
Q

What is the problem with Transnational corporations

A

They are freer to pursue global strategies that may conflict with the interests of nation-states- little to check them

53
Q

What is the relationship between core, semi-periphery, and periphery countries

A

Core countries exploit semi, and periphery countries and semi periphery counties exploit periphery countries

54
Q

How does global capitalism play out in Vancouver

A
  • Expo ‘86 and the olympics- benefits a few
55
Q

What are two positives for global capitalism

A
  • Economy of scale- cheap stuff

- International accessibility

56
Q

What are 2 negatives for global capitalism

A
  • Social strife- DTES

- Housing affordability

57
Q

What is the bigger picture, and what can we do about it?

A

We are doomed- socially, environmentally. But we can enact social change to fix the world and use technology to reverse or reduce the impact we have on the environment

58
Q

approximately when did the baby boom occur and why?

A

After WW2- soldiers reuniting with their families

59
Q

name 2 epistemologies

A

Structuralism, post-structuralism

60
Q

what was the common characteristic about the top 8 larges cities in the world as

A

all port cities

61
Q

What are the 3 pillars of sustainability

A

Social, environmental, economical

62
Q

Name 2 endogenous and 2 exogenous pressures facing cities today

A

Endo- Aging infrastructure, changing population; Exo- resource constraint, refugees

63
Q
  • Name the 3 preconditions to urban formation
A

Technology, Ecology, Power

64
Q
  • In what part of the world were the first ancient cities located and why
A

the fertile crescent because there were all the three preconditions to urban formation

65
Q
  • What energy source fuelled the early stages of the industrial revolution
A

coal

66
Q
  • What does the central place theory attempt to answer
A

the relationship between a core city and it’s hinterland

67
Q

Vancouver is an example of what type of city

A

Gateway city

68
Q

Fabricum Mundi

A

Forming the earth

Urban Geog. (1 decks)

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