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Geology > Vocab 7 > Flashcards

Vocab 7 Flashcards

1
Q

Cobbles

A

Clasts of 64-256mm

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2
Q

Agate, Onyx, opal

A

Real pretty silica precipitated rocks with gem like quality

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3
Q

Aqueous Solution

A

When minerals dissolve to form ions in water

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4
Q

Arenite

A

Word synonymous with sandstone

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5
Q

Argillaceous Sandstone

A

Sandstone containing silt and/or clay

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6
Q

Arkosic Sandstone

A

Sandstone abundant in pink felspar grains

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7
Q

Bed

A

A sedimentary layer 1 cm or more in thickness

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8
Q

Bioclasts

A

Rock that results from once living small organisms

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9
Q

Bituminous

A

Created with more pressure and compaction of lignite

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10
Q

Boulders

A

Clasts greater than 256 mm

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11
Q

Carbonate Rock

A

Sedimentary rock that formed by primarily calcite

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12
Q

Cementation

A

Process where water and pore spaces of sedimentary rocks glues the clast together

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13
Q

Chert

A

Fine grain nodule or bedded, sedimentary rock, composed of quartz or chalcedony

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14
Q

Clastic Rock

A

Rock that results from the clasts

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15
Q

Clastic sediments

A

Term used for sedimentary grains that have been transported and deposited

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16
Q

Compaction

A

When the weight of overlying rock compresses and reduces pore space and rock

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17
Q

Conglomerate

A

Sedimentary rock composed of gravel size grains

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18
Q

Coquina

A

Rock composed almost entirely a broken shell fragments

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19
Q

Diagenetic Changes

A

Occur to a rock at low temperatures and pressures not long after deposition and burial

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20
Q

Dolomite

A

A form of limestone that can also be called dolostone

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21
Q

Dolostone

A

A form of limestone that can also be called dolomite

22
Q

Evaporites

A

Any mineral or rock that forms when water dries up

23
Q

Fissility

A

The ability to break along irregular approximately parallel surfaces

24
Q

Fossiliferous Sandstone

A

Sandstone which preserved plants or animals

25
Q

Geyserite

A

Microcrystalline quartz precipitated rock associated with Hot Springs and Yellowstone National Park

26
Q

Granules

A

Clasts of 2 to 4 mm

27
Q

Jasper

A

Quartz rich, red form of chert

28
Q

Kerogen

A

Solid mixture of carbon bearing chemical compounds that originated from living organisms

29
Q

Lamina

A

A sedimentary layer less than 1 cm in thickness

30
Q

Lignite

A

Lowest grade of coal

31
Q

Limestone

A

The most common carbonate rock usually consists of bioclasts

32
Q

Lithic sandstone

A

Sandstone that consists of abundant rock fragments

33
Q

Lithified

A

The end result of compaction and cementation

34
Q

Matrix

A

Smaller grains and a mixed sedimentary rock similar to groundmass

35
Q

Micrite

A

Word for calcite rich mudstone

36
Q

Ooids

A

Little round precipitated pieces of calcite

37
Q

Oxidation

A

Chemical process were oxygen combines with metal

38
Q

Peat

A

Partialy decay vegetation form of pre coal

39
Q

Pebbles

A

Clasts of 4– 64 mm

40
Q

Peloids

A

Standard size carbonate grains

41
Q

Pisolites

A

Round carbonate grains that are bigger than ooids and >2mm

42
Q

Playa lake

A

Salty body of water in a desert region that produces evaporate minerals

43
Q

Radiolaria/diatoms

A

Single celled organisms with silica rich skeletons that die and form chert

44
Q

Rudite

A

Word synonymous with conglomerate

45
Q

Sediments

A

Mineral grains eroded from older rock, tephra from volcanoes, or dead organisms

46
Q

Siliceous Rock

A

Sedimentary rock formed from minerals, like quartz, clay, feldspar and mica

47
Q

Source area

A

Place where sediments originate

48
Q

Travertine

A

Rock formed by the precipitation of calcite from a hot spring, like mammoth, Yellowstone National Park

49
Q

Tufa

A

Less than form of travertine

50
Q

Volcaniclastic

A

Sedimentary rock formed by tephra

51
Q

Weathering

A

Any chemical or physical process that breaks down rock

52
Q

Tephra

A

Sediment from volcanoes

Geology (1 decks)

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