Vocab Flashcards
Ethics
Is the study of the general nature of morals and of the specific moral choices individuals make.
Amoral Behavior
Occurs when a person has no sense of right and wrong and no interest in the moral consequences of his or her actions, such as when a murderer shows no remorse for his or her crime.
Censorship
Hong Kong = hoped for less c.
Microsoft stated it would agree to abide by Chinese c. laws ( so search terms like freedom and democracy deliver filtered results), thereby respecting the laws of the countries where it operates.
Civil disobedience
Ex. Declaration of Independence or Boston tea market **
Is manifested by intentionally refusing to obey certain laws, is used as a form of protest to effect change.
Copyright
Protection afforded to creators of intellectual property .
Deontology (duty-based)
- focuses on adherence to moral duties and rights.
- morals should apply to everyone equally.
Ex. Human rights (like freedom of religion) should be respected for all people because human rights should be applied universally.
Devine Command Theory
- God is all-knowing and sets moral standards.
- Conforming to God’s law is right; breaking it is wrong.
Ex. Christians believe in rules such as the Ten Commandments
Hacktivism ( derived from hack and activism)
Involves using computers and computer networks in subversive way to promote an agenda usually related to causes such as free speech, human rights, or freedom of information.
Ex. Involved around the movie the interview by Sony entertainment.
- can take the form of cyberterrorism
Intellectual Property (3D printing)
Rights and liability
Morals
Involve conforming to established or accepted ideas of right and wrong (as generally dictated by society ) and are usually viewed as being black or white.
Positive Psychology
Is a new focus in the field of psychology. Pionneeed by Dr. Martin Seligman of the university of Pennsylvania which they find the causes of happiness instead of addressing the treatment of mental dysfunctions.
Relativism
- No universal moral truth.
- Moral principles dictated by cultural tastes and customs.
Ex. Topless bathing is prevalent in Europe but generally banned on public beaches in the United States .
Sarbanes- Oxley Act
2002 requires companies to provide mechanisms for employees and third parties to report complaints, including ethics violations, anonymously.
Social Justice
Ethics of robotic systems
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The rose of the internet of things means that more embedded computers and robotics are being included in devices every year.
Personal robots in households are not far off.
Stakeholders
Are those people or entities who are affected by the operations of a business.
Aka include shareholders
Unethical Behavior
Defined as not conforming to a set of approved standards of behavior.
Ex using a phone to text message a test answer to your friend during an exam is unethical .
Utilitarianism
- actions are judged solely by consequences
- actions that generate greater happiness are judged to be better than actions that lead to unhappiness.
- individual happiness is not important-consider the greater good.
Virtue Ethics
- morals are internal
- strive to be a person who behaves well spontaneously
Whistle-blowers
People who report businesses to regulatory agencies for commuting illegal acts, or who expose unethical (but still legal) acts committed by their employers by publicizing unethical behavior.
