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Buddhism Test 1 > Vocab > Flashcards

Vocab Flashcards

1
Q

Bodhisattva

A

A being intent on Enlightenment: a term used for the Buddha before his enlightenment. Any person who aspires for the completely perfected enlightenment of a Buddha.

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2
Q

Dharma

A

Dharma means the Buddha’s teachings, the Truth they embody and the path to realize n also be used in a technical sense with a lower case d to mean the fundamental elements of existence.

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3
Q

Impermanence

A

Nothing is forever. Nothing in the world will stay as is forever.

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4
Q

Nirvana

A

Liberation, union with ultimate reality, state of perfection.

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5
Q

Karma

A

Intentional activities that have effects perpetuating worldly existence depending whether or not said activities are virtuous or not.

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6
Q

Sangha

A

The Buddhist community. The Noble Sangha are those who are irreversibly established in the path to Enlightenment while the ordinary Sangha is the community of the Buddhist order.

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7
Q

Middle way (“Middle Path”)

A

The middle way avoids the extremes of indulgence in sense pleasures and of harsh asceticism. (A central theme in early Buddhism)

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8
Q

Dukkha

A

Suffering or unease. A condition characterizing worldly life.

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9
Q

Samsara

A

The wheel or cycle of conditioned existence.

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10
Q

Reincarnation or Rebirth

A

The final step of the cycle Samsara before it begins again. It happens to a person specifically.

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11
Q

No-self

A

Absence of a permanent, unchanging self; selflessness.

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12
Q

Lovingkindness

A

One of the 4 immeasurables, friendliness and good will.

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13
Q

Generosity/giving (Dana)

A

Buddhism focuses on expelling desire as is it considered the root of all suffering in the world. Generosity allows one to give freely and not hold on to things that are impermanent in our world anyway.

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14
Q

Compassion (Karuna)

A

Also one of the 4 immeasurables, caring for others and showing true passion in their well being.

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15
Q

Skillful means

A

This means to explain e Dharma in a way someone can understand. using your insight to teach someone by understanding what level they are at. It means using any means to teach someone about the Dharma.

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16
Q

Four signs/sights (Buddha saw when he left his palace)

A
  1. Corpse/death
  2. Sickness
  3. Old age
  4. Ascetic (sramana)
17
Q

Jhanas (meditative states)

A

Peace and Joy
Letting go of Peace and Joy
There are no specific levels, just deepening understandings which lead to enlightenment.

18
Q

3 marks of existence

A
  1. Suffering
  2. Impermanence
  3. Noself
19
Q

Merit

A

It is synonymous with good Karma in that one accumulates merit in order to obtain enlightenment. There is no reciprocating word for bad karma.

20
Q

The 4 immeasurables

A
  1. Lovingkindness
  2. Generosity/giving
  3. Sympathetic joy
  4. Equanimity or level headedness
21
Q

Realms of Rebirth

A
  1. God realm
  2. Demigod/antigod
  3. Human realm (best as it is only possible to reach enlightenment as a human being)
  4. Animal realm
  5. Hungry ghosts (can’t be satisfied)
  6. Hell/demons
22
Q

Buddha’s Story

A

He was a rich prince born to a wealthy family. Upon his birth his father was told that his son would either go on to be a great politician or a great spiritual leader. His father decided on the first, and therefore kept his son locked up in his palace surrounded by healthy happy people. He figured, who would want to leave the palace or seek religion when everything they ever dreamed of was here in ‘real life.’ Buddha was able to leave the palace and saw actual suffering in the real world. He then left the palace and journeyed into the wilderness in order to discover true enlightenment.

23
Q

4 noble truths

A
  1. Dukkha- there is suffering in the world.
  2. Our attachments and desires are the reason we suffer.
  3. We must let go of our attachments and desires.
  4. We must follow the 8 fold path.
24
Q

The 8 fold path (split up into the 3 groupings)

A

Wisdom:

  • right view (the world is suffering, learn something see it how it is)
  • right intention (you need to keep yourself in check)

Ethical conduct:
-right speech (do not use speech that causes suffering)
-right action (so not threaten a sentient being)
Right livelihood (live your life according to the Dharma)

Concentration:

  • right effort (let go of unwholesomeness)
  • right mindfulness (live in the moment)
  • right concentration (correct meditation and focus to gain full understanding)
25
Q

5 precepts

A
  1. No killing
  2. No stealing
  3. No false speech
  4. No intoxicants
  5. Do not indulge in sexual misconduct
26
Q

10 precepts (followed by monks and nuns)

A
  1. No killing
  2. Do not take what is not yours
  3. Do not speak falsely
  4. Do not misuse sex
  5. No intoxicants
  6. No food after noon
  7. No entertainment
  8. No high seats or beds (do not sit higher than q bodhisattva or authority figure)
  9. No self ornamentation
  10. No accepting money
27
Q

3 refuges

A
  1. Buddha
  2. Dharma
  3. Sangha (Buddhist community)
28
Q

5 aggregates

A
  1. Form
  2. Feeling/perceptions
  3. Thoughts
  4. Consciousness
  5. Will
    These are the components that make up a living individual.
29
Q

Why is desire a problem in Buddhism?

A

Desire is the root of suffering which is what keeps us being reborn, Buddhists are detached as nothing is permanent in this world. They seek beyond their own impermanence and reach toward full enlightenment. Desire is a form of will high is apart of the 5 aggregates which dictate the measures of self. Buddhists transcend this toward the idea of Noself, impermanence and equanimity.

30
Q

Buddha (what not who)

A

The Awakened One, who has realized completely perfect enlightenment. It can refer to the historical founder of Buddhism in our world system and also t other Buddhas said to exist in other times and places. It implies the principle of enlightenment attained by the individual rather than being a personal name for an individual.

Buddhism Test 1 (1 decks)

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