Vocab Flashcards
Appendicular skeleton
Bones of the limbs and limb girdles that are attached to the axial skeleton
Amphiarthroses
Slightly movable joint
Articular cartilage
cartilage that covers the articular surfaces of bones.
Articulations
Joint; point where two bones meet
Axial skeleton
Bones of the skull; vertebral column, thorax, and sternum
Bony thorax
Bones of the thorax, including ribs, sternum, and thoracic vertebrae
Cartilaginous joint
connected entirely by cartilage (fibrocartilage or hyaline). Cartilaginous joints allow more movement between bones than a fibrous joint but less than the highly mobile synovial joint.
Compact bone
The compact noncancellous portion of bone that consists largely of concentric lamellar osteons and interstitial lamellae. Also called compact substance
Diaphysis
Diffusion of solute through a semipermeable membrane
Pelvic girdle
Incomplete bony basin formed by the two coxal bones that secures the lower limbs to the sacrum of the axial skeleton
Periosteum
Double-layered connective tissue that covers and nourishes the bone
Red marrow
bone marrow of children and some adult bones that is required for the formation of red blood cells
Short bones
designated as those bones that are as wide as they are long. Their primary function is to provide support and stability with little to no movement.
Shoulder girdle
Composite of two bones; scapula and clavicle, that attach the upper limb to the axial skeleton; also called the pectoral girdle
Skull
Bony enclosure for the brain
Diarthroses
Freely Moveable
Epiphyseal plate
hyaline cartilage plate in the metaphysis at each end of a long bone
Epiphysis
the end part of a long bone, initially growing separately from the shaft.
Fibrous joint
These joints have no joint cavity and are connected via fibrous connective tissue. The skull bones are connected by fibrous joints. Sutures are found between bones of the skull.
Flat bone
bones whose principle function is either extensive protection or the provision of broad surfaces for muscular attachment. These bones are expanded into broad, flat plates, as in the cranium (skull), the ilium (pelvis), sternum and the rib cage
Intervertebral disks
a layer of cartilage separating adjacent vertebrae in the spine
Irregular bones
bones which, from their peculiar form, cannot be grouped as long bone, short bone, flat bone or sesamoid bone
Ligaments
a short band of tough, flexible, fibrous connective tissue that connects two bones or cartilages or holds together a joint
Long bones
hard, dense bones that provide strength, structure, and mobility
Spongy bone
is one of two types of osseous tissue that form bones
Synarthroses
an immovably fixed joint between bones connected by fibrous tissue (for example, the sutures of the skull).
Synovial joint
most common and most movable type of joint in the body of a mammal
Vertebral column
The series of vertebrae extending from the base of the skull to the coccyx (tailbone) that forms the supporting axis of the body in vertebrate animals. It encloses and protects the spinal cord and provides a stable attachment for the muscles of the trunk. Also called backbone, spinal
Yellow marrow
bone marrow in which the stroma of the reticular network are largely filled primarily with fat; it replaces red marrow in the long bones after the fifth year of life.
