Vocab

Question 0

Gene

Answer 0

A segment of DNA that codes for a particular trait

Question 1

Chromosome

Answer 1

discrete package of DNA that codes for genes

Question 2

Trait

Answer 2

an inherited characteristic

Question 3

Homologous Chromosomes

Answer 3

one set of chromosomes from mom and one set from dad that form a pair

Question 4

Allele

Answer 4

Different versions (alternate forms) for a gene at a single location in the DNA

Question 5

Dominant

Answer 5

observed trait of an organism that masks any other allele

Question 6

recessive

Answer 6

masked by a doninant allele

Question 7

homozygous dominant

Answer 7

two copies of the dominant allele

Question 8

heterozygous

Answer 8

one dominant and one recessive allele

Question 9

homozygous recessive

Answer 9

2 copies of the recessive alleles

Question 10

phenotype

Answer 10

the appearance of an organism

Question 11

genotype

Answer 11

the inherited allele combination of an organism for a gene

Question 12

heredity

Answer 12

the passing of characteristics from generation to generation

Question 13

inheritance

Answer 13

the passing of traits from parent to offspring

Question 14

gregor mendel

Answer 14

the father of genetics, worked with pea plants

Question 15

monohybrid cross

Answer 15

a genetic mating of individuals that are different for only one trait (tall vs. dwarf)

Question 16

p generation

Answer 16

the parental generation

Question 17

F1 generation

Answer 17

the 1st generation of offspring

Question 18

F2 generation

Answer 18

the second generation of offspring

Question 19

gametes

Answer 19

egg or sperm

Question 20

mendels law of segregation

Answer 20

alleles are randomly placed into gametes during meiosis

Question 21

mendel’s law of independent assortment

Answer 21

alleles are inherited independent from other alleles

Question 22

punnet square

Answer 22

an easy short hand way to predict the outcome of crosses

Question 23

pure breeding

Answer 23

homozygous individual that can only make one type of allele

Question 24

hybrid

Answer 24

the offspring from two different pure breeding parents

Question 25

genotype ratio

Answer 25

the predicted frequency of offspring genotype from a monohybrid cross

Question 26

phenotype ratio

Answer 26

the predicted frequency of offspring phenotype from a monohybrid cross