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NURS 200- QUIZ 1 > VOCAB > Flashcards

VOCAB Flashcards

1
Q

AAA

A

Abdominal aortic aneurysm

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2
Q

AA&O

A

Awake, alert, and oriented

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3
Q

AB

A

Abortion

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4
Q

ABG

A

Arterial blood gas

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5
Q

a.c.

A

before meals

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6
Q

AC

A

antecubital

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7
Q

ACE

A

angiotensin converting enzyme

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8
Q

ACS

A

Acute coronary syndrome

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9
Q

AD

A

right ear

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10
Q

ADA

A

American Diabetes Association

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11
Q

ADL

A

Activities of daily living

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12
Q

ad. lib

A

as desired

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13
Q

ADH

A

Anti-diuretic hormone

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14
Q

afib

A

atrial fibrillation

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15
Q

AICD

A

automatic internal cardiac defibrillate

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16
Q

AKA

A

above knee amputation

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17
Q

ALS

A

advances life support

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18
Q

a.m.

A

morning

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19
Q

AMA

A

against medical advice

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20
Q

amb

A

ambulance/ambulatory

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21
Q

ant

A

anterior

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22
Q

AP

A

anteroposterior

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23
Q

ARDS

A

acute respiratory distress syndrome

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24
Q

AROM

A

active range of motion

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25
Q

AS

A

left ear, aortic stenosis

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26
Q

ATN

A

acute tubular necrosis

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27
Q

AU

A

both ears

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28
Q

AVR

A

aortic valve replacement

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29
Q

Asepsis

A

the freedom from disease- causing microorganisms.

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30
Q

Bacteremia

A

Bacteremia: infection in the person’s blood

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31
Q

Medical Asepsis

A

include all practices that work to confine a specific microorganisms to a specific area, limiting the number, growth, and transmission of microorganism.

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32
Q

Surgical Asepsis

A

methods that are used to keep an area free from all microorganisms (even non disease causing)… destroys them all and their spores.–> used for procedures involving sterile areas of the body.

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33
Q

Colonization

A

the process where strains of microorganisms become resident flora, grow, multiply, but do not cause disease.

34
Q

Septicemia

A

Systemic infection resulting of bacteremia

35
Q

Nosocomial Infection

A

An infection obtained by the patient during or after their care at the hospital. Can be exogenous ( from patient to patient) or endogenous ( an opportunistic pathogen)

36
Q

Health Care associated infection (HAI)

A

infections that originate in any health care setting (can be home care) . This includes nosocomial infection.

37
Q

Direct Transmission

A

A subcategory of contact transmission. It involves person to person contact via kissing or other means. Also can be droplet transmission.

38
Q

Indirect Transmission

A

A subategory of contact transmission, where the pathogen is transmitted to a susceptible host via a a vehicle which an inanimate object harboring the pathogen, or a vector such as a fly or a tick.

39
Q

Airborne transmission

A

Where the disease is transmitted through the air and droplet nuclei is smaller than 5 microns, able to travel further and more penetrating. EX. TB, measles.

40
Q

Leukocytosis

A

Mass production of WBC in bone marrow, in response to a decrease of WBC during inflammatory response.

41
Q

Granulation tissue

A

A fragile, gelatinous tissue, appearing red or pink. 1. Collagen, blood capillaries, and lymphatics form this new tissue.

42
Q

Universal Precautions

A

Also known as standard precautions. They are the minimal infection precautions that must be applied to every patient, to prevent infections. Glove, Gowns, Hand Hygiene, mask, eyeware, and face shield.

43
Q

Inflammation

A

inflammation: is local and nonspecific defensive response of the tissues to an injurious or infectious agent.
(2) Purpose: destroys or dilute the injurious agent, prevents further spread of the injury, and promotes repair of damaged tissues.
(3) Five signs: pain, swelling, redness, heat, and impaired function of the area, in severe cases.

Cellular and vascular response, exudate phase, and reparative phase.

44
Q

Passive Immunity

A

Immunity to a specific organism where the Ab are made outside the recipients body and then given to the recipient to give immediate and short immunity.

45
Q

Active Immunity

A

Ab are produce within the body due to exposure to the organism, either attenuated or the actual infection.

46
Q

RACE Protocol

A

When fire or smoke is seen:

				a) Rescue: if area safe, enter, protect, and evacuate clients who are in immediate danger 
				b) Activate: pull fire alarm and inform hospital fire team 
				c) Confine: Contain fire by closing the doors to all rooms and the fire doors at each entrance of the unit. 
				d) Extinguish: Extinguish fire using PASS
47
Q

Seizure

A

a single temporary event that consists of an uncontrolled electrical neuronal discharge of the brain resulting in an interruption of normal brain function

			3) Partial seizure: affect one area of the brain
			4) Generalized seizure: affects the entire brain.
48
Q

Seizure Precautions

A

safety measures taken by the nurse to protect clients from injury should they have a seizure.
a) Such as padding the bed, putting client on the side when seizure occurs. Refer to Pg.733

49
Q

Carbon Monoxide

A

odorless, colorless, tasteless gas. Cause headaches, dizziness, weakness, nausea, vomiting, or loss of muscle control… eventually death

50
Q

Asphyxiation

A

lack of oxygen due to lack of breath (obstruction or restriction)

51
Q

Physical Restraint

A

A manual equipment that is used to restrain a patient. Vest

52
Q

Chemical restraint

A

a medication used to sedate a patient for a behavioral problem.

53
Q

Adherence

A

is the extent to which an individual’s behavior coincides with medical or health advice.

54
Q

Acute Illness

A

characterized by symptoms of a relatively short duration

55
Q

Chronic illness

A

lasts for an extended period of time, usually 6 months or longer.

56
Q

Disease

A

alteration in body functions resulting in a reduction of capacities or a shortening of the normal life span.

57
Q

Etiology

A

Causation of the disease

58
Q

Exacerbation

A

stage during chronic illness when symptoms reappear after remission

59
Q

Health beliefs

A

concepts about health that an individual believes are true

60
Q

Health Behaviors

A

the actions people take to understand their health status, maintain and optimal state of health, prevent illness and injury, and reach their maximum physical and mental potential.

61
Q

Remission

A

the stage during Chronic illness when symptoms disappear

62
Q

Risk factors

A

lifestyle choices that can make a person more susceptible to a disease

63
Q

Locus of control

A

a concept that allows nurses to assess whether patient thinks their health status is under their own or other’s control.

	a. Internal: high sense of control
             b. External: loss sense of control
64
Q

Afebrile

A

Patient has no fever

65
Q

Apical Pulse

A

The pulse of apex portion of the heart

66
Q

Apnea

A

absence of breathing

67
Q

Arrhythmia

A

An irregular heart rhythm, time between beats is not consistent

68
Q

Auscultatory Gap

A

Occurs in hypertensive patients, when pulse sounds are loss when high pressure is applied, but then resurfaces at lower pressures. This is when palpatory method is used

69
Q

Basal Metabolic rate

A

rate of energy utilization in the body required to maintain essential activities such as breathing. Decrease with age

70
Q

Bradycardia

A

When HR is too low. Less than 60 BPM

71
Q

Core temperature

A

temp of deeper tissues of the body, abdominal cavity and pelvic cavity. Constant

72
Q

Fever

A

Body temp is above normal

73
Q

Orthostatic hypotension

A

A BP that falls when patient sits or stands, due to blood moving away from central organs to periphery

74
Q

Oxygen Saturation

A

The percent of hemoglobin that has its binding sites with oxygen bounded to it

75
Q

Pulse deficit

A

Any discrepancies between the apical and radial pulse

76
Q

pulse pressure

A

difference between the systolic and diastolic pressures

77
Q

Point of maximal impulse

A

The apical pulse

78
Q

Surface temperature

A

Temperature of the skin, subcutaneous tissues, fat. Rise and fall with environment temp

79
Q

Tachypnea

A

When respiration rate is abnormally fast

80
Q

Tidal volume

A

normal volume of air displaced during inspiration and expiration

NURS 200- QUIZ 1 (1 decks)

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