Vocab 3 Flashcards
Hasty Generalization
Making assumptions about a whole group based on a sample that is inadequate
Logical Fallacies
Defects that weaken arguments
Non Sequitur
Argument doesn’t have a particular conclusion (do not assume)
Post Hoc
Sometimes an event really does cause another one later, but sometimes events that seem related are not actually the cause of each other
Slippery Slope
Chain reaction of events, usually ending in a certain conclusion
Weak Analogy
Two things are being compared but are not really alike
Appeal to Authority
Refer to respected source of authority
Ad Populum
Most people like this because a lot of people do
Bandwagon
You should do this because everyone else is
Straw Man
Arguer sets up a wimpy version of the opponents position and tried to score points by knocking it down
Ad Hominem
Attacking opponent instead of argument
Tu Quoque
Arguer points out that the opponent has actually done the thing he/she is arguing against, and so the opponents argument shouldn’t be listened to
Appeal to Pity
Takes place when an arguer tries to get people to accept a conclusion by making them feel sorry for someone
Appeal to Ignorance
“Look, there’s no conclusive evidence on the issue at hand. Therefore you should accept my conclusion on this issue”
Red Herring
Arguer throws something out getting you distracted; often, argues never returns to original issue
False Dichotomy (False Choice)
Argues sets up the situation so it looks like they are only two choices
Begging the Question (Circular Reasoning)
Asks the audience to simply accept without providing any real evidence
Equivocation
Sliding between two or more different meanings of a single word or phrase that is important to the argument
Value Comparison
X is better than Y
Value Assertion
X is good or X is bad
Value Exclusivity
X is better than everything else
Residues Case
Mine is the best because everything else is knocked out
On Balance Judgement
Admitting to things against your argument
Value Premise
What the debaters lay out for the judges
