Vocab

Question 1

Solid

Answer 1

A state of matter that maintains shape, and has a fixed volume.

Question 2

Liquid

Answer 2

A state of matter that takes shape of its container, and has a fixed volume.

Question 3

Gas

Answer 3

A state of matter where atoms are spread apart, and it takes shape of its container, and it takes the containers volume.

Question 4

Atom

Answer 4

Tiny particles that make up matter, and are made of protons, neutrons and electrons.

Question 5

Element

Answer 5

A pure piece of matte that has identical atoms.

Question 6

Nucleus

Answer 6

The center of an atom that contains the protons and neutrons.

Question 7

Proton

Answer 7

Positively charged subatomic particles.

Question 8

Neutron

Answer 8

Neutrally charged subatomic particles.

Question 9

Electron

Answer 9

negatively charged subatomic particles.

Question 10

Atomic Number

Answer 10

The amount of electrons and protons in an atom of an element. It also orders the Periodic table numerically.

Question 11

Atomic Mass

Answer 11

An atom’s mass.

Question 12

Electron Shells/Clouds

Answer 12

Levels of energy where electrons are found.

Question 13

Valence Electrons

Answer 13

The Outermost Electrons

Question 14

Louis Dot Structure

Answer 14

A diagram of atoms that uses dots to represent electrons.

Question 15

Groups

Answer 15

18 Families on the Periodic Table, which are the columns. Each family has certain characteristics that makes it a group.

Question 16

Periods

Answer 16

The rows on the periodic table, based on the amount of electron clouds in an atom.

Question 17

Alkali Metals

Answer 17

Found in Group 1, and are very reactive, and are not found in nature. They only have 1 electron.

Question 18

Halogens

Answer 18

Non-metallic elements found in group 17.

Question 19

Alkali Earth Metals

Answer 19

Found in Group 2, and are very reactive.

Question 20

Noble Gasses

Answer 20

6 stable gasses found in group 18.

Question 21

Dmitri Mendeldeev

Answer 21

Chemist who created the Periodic Table.

Question 22

Coefficient

Answer 22

The number of molecules of a formula.

Question 23

Subscript

Answer 23

The number of certain atoms of an element in 1 molecule.

Question 24

Single Bond

Answer 24

A straight bond with 2 atoms, and 2 electrons

Question 25

Double Bond

Answer 25

A straight bond with 2 atoms, but 4 electrons.

Question 26

Triple Bond

Answer 26

A curved bond with 2 atoms, and 6 electrons. Only 3 elements form a triple bond; 5,6 and 7

Question 27

Ionic Bond

Answer 27

Oppositely charged ions attracted to each other. Involves a metal and a nonmetal usually.

Question 28

Covailent Bond

Answer 28

The Sharing of electrons between 2 nonmetals.

Question 29

Chemical Formulas

Answer 29

The abbreviation of molecules, and the elements included in the molecule.

Question 30

Metaloid

Answer 30

Properties of metals an nonmetals.

Question 31

Transition Metals

Answer 31

The 38 elements in groups 3 through 12 of the periodic table are called “transition metals”. As with all metals, the transition elements are both ductile and malleable, and conduct electricity and heat. The interesting thing about transition metals is that their valence electrons, or the electrons they use to combine with other elements, are present in more than one shell. This is the reason why they often exhibit several common oxidation state
http://www.chemicalelements.com/groups/transition.html

Question 32

Non-metals

Answer 32

groups 14-16. Non-metals are not able to conduct electricity or heat very well. As opposed to metals, non-metallic elements are very brittle, and cannot be rolled into wires or pounded into sheets
http://www.chemicalelements.com/groups/nonmetals.html

Question 33

Orbital

Answer 33

The path an electron makes around the nucleus.

Question 34

Bohr Model

Answer 34

Neils Bohr’s model of an atom, that shoes protons and neutrons in a nucleus, and electrons in electron shells.

Question 35

Physical Change

Answer 35

changes that affect the form of a substance, but not its chemical makeup.

Question 36

Chemical Change

Answer 36

A change that affects the chemical makeup of a substance. (a new substance is formed)

Question 37

Periodic Table

Answer 37

A table made by Mendeldeev that shows all the elements, their groups, their periods (Electron clouds), the mass of an element’s atom, and the atomic number of an atom.

Question 38

Atomic Symbol

Answer 38

The abbreviation of an element.

Question 39

Kinetic Theory

Answer 39

The explanation of the changes of states of matter.