Vocab

Question 0

Agricultural revolution

Answer 0

The time when human beings first domesticated plants and animals and no longer relied entirely on hunting and gathering.

Question 1

Agricultural density

Answer 1

The ratio of the number of farmers to the total amount of land suitable for agriculture.

Question 2

Arithmetic density

Answer 2

The total number of people divided by the total land area.

Question 3

Census

Answer 3

A complete enumeration of a
population.

Question 4

Crude birth rate

Answer 4

The total
number of live births in a year for every
1,000 people alive in the society.

Question 5

Crude death rate (CDR)

Answer 5

The total
number of deaths in a year for every 1,000
people alive in the society

Question 6

Demographic transition

Answer 6

The
process of change in a society’s population from a condition of high crude birth and death rates and low rate of natural increase to a condition of low crude birth and death rates, low rate of natural increase, and a higher total population.

Question 7

Demography

Answer 7

The scientific study of

population characteristics

Question 8

Dependency ratio

Answer 8

The number of
people under the age of 15 and over age 64
compared to the number of people active
in the labor force.

Question 9

Doubling time

Answer 9

The number of years
needed to double a population, assuming
a constant rate of natural increase.

Question 10

Ecumene

Answer 10

The portion of Earth’s
surface occupied by permanent human
settlement.

Question 11

Epidemiologic transition

Answer 11

Distinctive causes of death in each stage of the demographic transition.

Question 12

Epidemiology

Answer 12

Branch of medical science concerned with the incidence, distribution, and control of diseases that are prevalent among a population at a special time and are produced by some special causes not generally present in the affected locality.

Question 13

Industrial Revolution

Answer 13

A series of
improvements in industrial technology
that transformed the process of manufacturing
goods

Question 14

Infant mortality rate (IMR)

Answer 14

The total
number of deaths in a year among infants under 1 year old for every 1,000 live births
in a society.

Question 15

Life expectancy

Answer 15

The average
number of years an individual can be
expected to live, given current social,
economic, and medical conditions. Life
expectancy at birth is the average number
of years a newborn infant can expect
to live

Question 16

Medical Revolution

Answer 16

Medical technology
invented in Europe and North
America that is diffused to the poorer
countries of Latin America, Asia, and
Africa. Improved medical practices have
eliminated many of the traditional causes
of death in poorer countries and enabled
more people to live longer and healthier
lives

Question 17

Natural increase rate (NIR)

Answer 17

The percentage
growth of a population in a year,
computed as the crude birth rate minus
the crude death rate.

Question 18

Overpopulation

Answer 18

The number of
people in an area exceeds the capacity of
the environment to support life at a decent
standard of living.

Question 19

Pandemic

Answer 19

Disease that occurs over a
wide geographic area and affects a very
high proportion of the population

Question 20

Physiological density

Answer 20

The number of
people per unit of area of arable land,
which is land suitable for agriculture.

Question 21

Population Pyramid

Answer 21

A bar graph representing
the distribution of population by
age and sex.

Question 22

Sex ratio

Answer 22

The number of
males per 100 females in the
population.

Question 23

Total fertility rate (TFR)

Answer 23

The
average number of children a woman will
have throughout her childbearing years.

Question 24

Zero population growth (ZPG)

Answer 24

A
decline of the total fertility rate to the point
where the natural increase rate equals zero.

Question 25

natality (birth rate)

Answer 25

the number of live births divided by the population

Question 26

gendered space

Answer 26

areas or regions designed for men or women

Question 27

Maladaptation

Answer 27

an adaptation that is less helpful than harmful; It can also signify an adaptation that, whilst reasonable at the time, has become less and less suitable and more of a problem or hindrance in its own right, as time goes on

Question 28

carrying capacity

Answer 28

largest number of individuals of a population that an environment can support

Question 29

Thomas Malthus Model

Answer 29

population growth threatened future generations because, in Malthus’ view, population growth would always outstrip increases in agricultural production