Vocab

Question 0

ED 50

Answer 0

Dose required to produce a therapeutic effect in 50% of the population

Question 1

Agonist

Answer 1

An agonist is a chemical that binds to a receptor and activates the receptor to produce a biological response.

Question 2

TD 50

Answer 2

Dose required to produce a toxic effect in 50% of the pop

Question 3

Therapeutic index

Answer 3

LD (or TD) 50/ ED50

The larger the better

Question 4

Kd

Answer 4

Equilibrium dissociation constant

Koff/ k on
Smaller kd= larger the binding affinity

Question 5

Partial agonist

Answer 5

Drug that binds to a receptor and illicit a response, but the response is only of partial efficacy relative to a full agonist

Question 6

Non-competitive antagonists

Answer 6

Covalently bond to the receptor- reduce the number of receptors

Question 7

Loading dose

Answer 7

Loading dose = (apparent volume)(c max)

Question 8

Maintenance dose

Answer 8

= (apparent volume)(Cmax - Cmin)

Question 9

What effects the duration of action?

Answer 9

Min effective concentration
Max non toxic concentration
Half life

Question 10

Maintenance dose interval=

Answer 10

= 2.303/ k x log (Cmax/Cmin)

Question 11

Bioavailability

Answer 11

Fraction absorbed into systematic circulation

Question 12

Atrial Fibrillation

Answer 12

the most common abnormal heart rhythm

Question 13

Histogram

Answer 13

graphical representation of the distribution of data

Question 14

hypoperfusion

Answer 14

circulatory shock, low BP, high heart rate- inadequate aerobic cellular respiration

Question 15

Heme

Answer 15

a chemical prosthetic group consisting of an Fe 2+ ion contained in the center of an large organic ring called a porphyrin

Question 16

Biliruben

Answer 16

Yellow breakdown of normal heme catabolsim, Bilirben is excreted in bile and urine, its color is responsible for the yellow color of bruises and the yellow color of urine and the brown color of feces.

Question 17

AST

Answer 17

Aspartate Transaminase, an enzyme involved in amino acid metabolism, found in the liver, and is used as a marker for liver health. Normal Blood levels should be less than 50

Question 18

ALT

Answer 18

Alanine Aminotransferase, enzyme found in the liver, blood levels above 50 indicate liver damage

Question 19

myalgias

Answer 19

muscle aches

Question 20

Jaundice

Answer 20

a yellow coloring of the skin, mucus or eyes. The yellow coloring comes from biliruben.

Question 21

Exogenous

Answer 21

Materials come outside of the body

Question 22

Endogenous

Answer 22

Things created by the body

Question 23

Drug (official def)

Answer 23

a substance intended for the use in the diagnosis, cure, mitigation, treatment or prevention of a disease. A substance (other than food) intended to effect the structure or function of the body

Question 24

Calculating Half-Life

Answer 24

.7/Ke

Question 25

competence

Answer 25

a legal definition for the ability to make decisions for oneself (before 18 you are not competent)

Question 26

Capacity

Answer 26

The ability to process information (different from competence)