Vocab 2 Flashcards
cell wall
(plant only) surrounds the cell with a porous barrier made of cellulose and gives the cell structure
cell membrane
bilayer of phospholipids - semi-permeable membrane that regulates what enters and exits the cell
cytoplasm
contains all organelles - location of cellu;ar reactions (metabolism) and support organelles
cytoskeleton
fibers made of proteins - provide roadways through cytoplasm for vesicle movement/ provides structure and shape
centrioles
x shape protein microtubuls that help with cell division
nucleus
contains DNA, nucleolus, and nucleoplasm inside, stores genetic info, coordinates cell activities
nucleolus
made of DNA, RNA and proteins, help make ribosomes inside the nucleus
ribosomes
small protein structures - smaller than most organelles - assembles polypeptide chains to make proteins
vacuole
stores water, nutrients, and waste
smooth ER
synthesizes lipids
rough ER
involved in protein synthesis and proteins being sent to the Golgi
golgi apparatus
recieves proteins from the ER, processes them and transports them in vesicles to be exported or to organelles
vesicles
transport large molecules
lysosome
sac of hydrolytic enzymes that help to digest biomolecules
peroxisome
organelle filled with catalayse and enzymes to break down fatty acids and hydrogen peroxide
mitochondria
site of cellular respiration, converts energy in glucose to ATP, powerhouse of the cell
chloroplast
site of photosynthesis contains chlorophyll
flagella
tail-like structure that helps cell swim
cilia
hair-like structure on the surface of cells that allows for mobility
