Vocab 2

Question 1

Rule of Law

Answer 1

A principle under which all persons and institutions are equally accountable to fair laws.

Question 2

Rule of Law Sentence

Answer 2

In a society governed by the rule of law, everyone, regardless of status of wealth, is subject to the same legal principles and consequences.

Question 3

Rule of Law Historical Example

Answer 3

In 1929, a federal court found Albert Fall, Secretary of Interior, guilty of bribery resulting in a two-year prison sentence.

Question 4

Due Process

Answer 4

The requirement that government gives people 1) notice, 2) the opportunity to be heard, and 3) an impartial hearing.

Question 5

Rule of Law Historical Non-Example

Answer 5

In 1989, a New York court wrongly convicted 5 teenagers of rape and assault, showing that issue, such as racial bias, can negatively affect the rule of law.

Question 6

Due Process Sentence

Answer 6

Due process ensures people are given fair treatment according to established legal principles.

Question 7

Due Process Historical Example

Answer 7

According to the 5th Amendment of the Constitution, the Takings Clause requires the government to provide you with notice and compensation before taking your property.

Question 8

Due Process Historical Non-Example

Answer 8

After being denied legal representation, a Florida court sentences Clarence Gideon to five years in prison after finding him guilty of stealing $50 of change from a jukebox and a few bottles of beer and soda.

Question 9

Enumerated Powers

Answer 9

Powers that are expressly – explicitly! – granted by the U.S. Constitution to Congress.

Question 10

Enumerated Powers Sentence

Answer 10

There are 18 enumerated powers granted to Congress in the Constitution under Article 1, Section 8.

Question 11

Enumerated Powers Historical Example

Answer 11

The Constitution gives the federal government the powers to coin money, raise an army, and to tax.

Question 12

Enumerated Powers Historical Non-Example

Answer 12

Congress determined it could create a federal bank under its “implied” powers, which derive from the “necessary and proper” clause of the Constitution.

Question 13

Checks and Balances

Answer 13

Provides each branch of government with the power to check other branches, preventing other branches from becoming too powerful.

Question 14

Checks and Balances Sentence

Answer 14

Checks and balances prevent one branch of government from gaining dictatorial powers.

Question 15

Checks and Balances Historical Example

Answer 15

Andrew Johnson vetoed the Civil Rights Act of 1866, which Congress then overrode with a veto.

Question 16

Checks and Balances Historical Non-Example

Answer 16

The United Russia political party holds the Russian presidency and majorities in the Russian legislature, which means there are fewer check and balances in the Russian government.