Vocab 2 Flashcards
Abbasid
a member of the Abbasid dynasty.
Angkor Wat
It was built by the Khmer King Suryavarman II in the first half of the 12th century, around the year 1110-1150, making Angkor Wat almost 900 years old. The temple complex, built in the capital of the Khmer Empire, took approximately 30 years to build.
Astrolabe
an instrument formerly used to make astronomical measurements, typically of the altitudes of celestial bodies, and in navigation for calculating latitude, before the development of the sextant. In its basic form (known from classical times), it consists of a disk with the edge marked in degrees and a pivoted pointer.
Bantu Migration
the movement of Bantu-speaking people from their Niger-Congo family
Bubonic Plague
a highly fatal disease transmitted by fleas
Cahokia
an ancient settlement of southern Indians
Caravanserai
rest stops where merchants and travelers could store their goods, purchase a meal, sleep, and rest their animals during their journey along the Silk Road.
Chinampa
small, stationary, artificial island built on a freshwater lake for agricultural purposes
Christendom
Christendom historically refers to the Christian states, Christian empires, Christian-majority countries, and the countries in which Christianity dominates, prevails, or that it is culturally or historically intertwined with.
Civil service exam
an exam based on Confucian teachings that were used to select people for various government service jobs in the nationwide administrative bureaucracy.
Coerced Labor
Labor or work that is gained through the use of force or threats.
Crusades
a series of Christian holy wars conducted against infidels—nonbelievers.
Dar al-islam
the name given to everywhere in the world that is under the rule of Islamic law
Delhi Sultanate
a Muslim kingdom that ruled parts of India from the 13th to the 16th centuries.
Dhimmi
A non-Muslim living under the protection of a Muslim state.
Dhows
traditional sailing vessels that have been used in the Middle East and the Indian Ocean region for centuries.
Diversification
having a variety of characters or forms or components, or having increased variety.
English Peasants Revolt
Uprising of serfs and free farm workers that began as a protest against a tax levied to raise money for a war on France
Eunuchs
castrated human male
Feudalism
lords gave lands to vassals in exchange for military service and loyalty
Greek orthodox
God is beyond all comprehension, but He revealed Himself as fully as possible in Jesus Christ, who is the Son of the Father and God Himself, through the Holy Spirit, as a “Trinity,” one in nature and yet three persons.
Guild
associations of craftsmen and merchants formed to promote the economic interests of their members as well as to provide protection and mutual aid
Humanism
system or mode of thought or action in which human interests, values, and dignity predominate
Ibn Battuta
medieval Muslim traveler who wrote one of the world’s most famous travel logs, the Riḥlah.
Inca
The Western Hemispheres largest imperial state in the fifteenth and early sixteenth centuries
Inquisition
attempt by Roman Catholic Church to eradicate heresies
Islam
a monotheistic religion founded in the 7th century by the prophet Muhammad.
Jihad
refers to “struggle”
Khan
Title given to Mongol leaders, meaning “supreme ruler”
Kublai Khan
the grandson of Genghis Khan
Laws of Manu
of the most authoritative codes of Hinduism in India, dating back to approximately 100 C.E..
Marco Polo
Venetian merchant and traveler
Maritime
Of or relating to the sea. Market Economy. Economy where most goods/services are produced and distributed through free markets.
Meritocracy
the name given to a system in which promotions are made and jobs awarded based on the ability of an individual rather than the status of his or her family.
Mexica ( Aztec )
Seminomadic people of northern Mexico who by 1325 had established themselves on a small island in Lake Texcoco, where they built their capital city, Tenochtitlan
Migration
a permanent move to a new location
Mit’a
a form of tribute to the Inca government in the form of labor, i.e. a corvée
Monarchy
a government in which the supreme power is lodged in the hands of a monarch who reigns over a state or territory, usually for life and by hereditary right;
Mongols
nomadic people and formidable pastoralists who lived in the steppes of Central Asia
Moors
a term generally used by Europeans to describe the Muslim people of North Africa and the Iberian Peninsula during the Middle Ages.
Muhammad
the Arab prophet who founded Islam
Neo Confucianism
a revival of Confucian teachings during the Tang Dynasty and Song Dynasty and a subsequent synthesis of Confucianism with aspects of Buddhism and Taoism
Ottoman Empire
a Muslim empire that ruled over a large territory that included parts of Europe, Asia, and Africa from the late 13th to the early 20th century
Quran
the sacred writings of Islam revealed by God to the prophet Muhammad during his life at Mecca and Medina
Rajas
A chief of a group of nomadic Aryans
Red Turban Movement
an uprising in the middle of the fourteenth century by Chinese peasants against the ruling Mongolian Yuan Dynasty
Roman Catholicism
Christian faith that was centered around Rome under the. authority of the pope
Shah
An ancient Persian term for king reintroduced in the early 1500s during the expansion of safavid empire
Sharia
a set of laws, principles, and guidelines determined by Islamic legal scholars who set forth jurisprudence based on their interpretation of texts such as the Quran or hadith.
Shiites
the branch of Islam whose members acknowledge Ali and his descendants as the rightful successors of Muhammad
Shinto
the indigenous religion of Japan
Sikhism
Religious tradition of northern India founded by Guru Nanak Ca. 1500
Sufism
mystical Islamic belief and practice in which Muslims seek to find the truth of divine love and knowledge through direct personal experience of God.
Sultanate
a place where the Sultan claims to rule the territory, but not the Islamic Faith
Sunnis
A branch of Islam whose members acknowledge the first four caliphs as the rightful successors of Muhammad
Tang Dynasty
a Chinese imperial dynasty that ruled from 618 to 907. It is considered one of the greatest periods of peace and prosperity in Chinese history, and it is remembered for its cultural achievements and its strong and centralized government
Teotihuacan
a large Mesoamerican city at the height of its power in 450-600 CE. The city had a population of 125,000 to 150,000 inhabitants and was dominated by religious structures, including pyramids and temples where human sacrifice was carried out.
Topkapi Palace
A large palace in Istanbul, Turkey that was one of the major residences of the Ottoman sultans for almost 400 years (1465-1856) of their 624-year reign.
Ulama
Orthodox religious scholars within Islam; pressed for a more conservative and restrictive theology
Waru Waru
an agricultural technique used by the Incas in the Andean region of America.
XuanZang
Chinese Buddhist monk and scholar who is known for his journey to India in the 7th century to study Buddhism. Xuanzang was born in present-day Henan province in China, and he became a monk at a young age.
Zheng He
An imperial eunuch and Muslim, entrusted by the Ming emperor Yongle with a series of state voyages that took his gigantic ships through the Indian Ocean, from Southeast Asia to Africa.
