Vocab Flashcards
Abound
exist in large numbers or amounts.
amorphous
without a clearly defined shape or form.
belie
- (of an appearance) fail to give a true impression of (something).
- fail to fulfill or justify (a claim or expectation).
capricious
given to sudden and unaccountable changes of mood or behavior.
cerebral
- of the cerebrum of the brain.
- intellectual rather than emotional or physical.
congenial
- (of a person) pleasing or liked on account of having qualities or interests that are similar to one’s own.
- (of a thing) pleasant or agreeable because suited to one’s taste or inclination.
conspicuous
- clearly visible.
- attracting notice or attention.
cursory
hasty and therefore not thorough or detailed.
daunting
seeming difficult to deal with in prospect; intimidating.
deify
worship or regard as a god.
didactic
in the manner of a teacher, particularly so as to appear patronizing.
disseminate
spread (something, especially information) widely.
feasible
possible to do easily or conveniently
flout
openly disregard (a rule, law, or convention)
homogeneous
of the same kind; alike.
humdrum
lacking excitement or variety; boringly monotonous.
insipid
- lacking flavor; weak or tasteless.
- lacking vigor or interest.
loquacious
tending to talk a great deal; talkative.
misanthropic
having or showing a dislike of other people; unsociable.
misnomer
a wrong or inaccurate name or designation.
negligent
failing to take proper care over something.
obsequious
obedient or attentive to an excessive or servile degree.
placate
make (someone) less angry or hostile.
proclivity
a tendency to choose or do something regularly; an inclination or predisposition towards a particular thing.
puerile
childishly silly and immature.
quixotic
extremely idealistic; unrealistic and impractical.
spendthrift
a person who spends money in an extravagant, irresponsible way.
taciturn
(of a person) reserved or uncommunicative in speech; saying little.
wary
feeling or showing caution about possible dangers or problems.
austere
- Strict in manner
- Lack of comforts or luxuries
adulterate
render poorer in quality by adding another substance
advocate
publicly recommend or support
aggrandize
increase power, status, reputation of someone
alacrity
brisk and cheerful readiness
ambivalent
having mixed feelings or contradictory ideas
ameliorate
make something bad better
amenable
open to suggestions, easily persuaded, susceptible
anachronistic
belonging to a period other than that being portrayed conspicuously old-fashioned
audacious
willingness to take surprisingly bold risks, showing impudent lack of respect
avaricious
showing extreme greed for wealth or material gain
banal
lacking in originality as to be obvious and boring
benign
gentle and kind, not harmful to the environment
brazen
bold and without shame
calumny
false and slanderous statement about someone
candid
truthful and straightforward
castigate
reprimand severely
caustic
sarcastic in a bitter way, chemical
construe
interpret in a particular way
contrite
feeling or expressing remorse that one has done wrong
convoluted
extremely complex and difficult to follow and twisted
covet
yearn to possess something belonging to another
craven
lacking in courage, cowardly
decorum
behavior in keeping with good taste and propriety
deft
demonstrating skill and cleverness
demur
raise objections or show reluctance
derivative
imitative of the work of another
desiccate
cause to become completely dry
diatribe
a forceful and bitter verbal attack
incredulous
unwilling or unable to believe something
ingenuous
innocent, naive or unsuspecting
innocent, naive or unsuspecting
innocent, naive or unsuspecting
abjure
solemnly renounce (a belief, cause or claim
anomalous
deviating from what is standard
antipathy
a deep-seated feeling of aversion
arcane
understood by few, mysterious or secret
arduous
involving or requiring strenuous effort, tiring
artless
without deception, effort or pretentiousness, natural
ascetic
severe self-discipline, austere
assuage
satisfy, make an unpleasant feeling less intense
betray
gravely disloyal, unintentionally reveal, be evidence of
bucolic
relating to the pleasant aspects of the countryside
burgeon
begin to grow or increase rapidly, flourish
cacophonous
involving or producing harsh sounds
canonize
treat of great significance, place in or regard as belonging to a canon of literacy or artistic works
censure
express severe disapproval, especially in formal statement
chicanery
use of deception or subterfuge
coalesce
come together to from one mass or whole
cogent
clear, logical and convincing
compelling
evoking interest in a powerful irresistible way
contend
struggle to surmount a difficulty, assert something as a position in an argument
copious
abundant in supply
cosmopolitan
mixture of cultures
deference
polite submission and respect
desultory
lacking plan, purpose or enthusiasm, occurring randomly
diffident
modest or shy because of a lack of self-confidence
dilatory
slow to act, intended to cause delay
equivocate
use ambiguous language
polarize
divide or cause it divide into two sharply contrasting group
prodigal
spending money recklessly
verbose
using or expressed in more words that are needed
abstain
restrain oneself from doing
approbation
approval or praise
cherish
protect and care for lovingly
corroborate
confirm or give support to a statement, theory or finding
disparate
essentially different in kind, notable to be compared, containing elements very different from one another
emulate
match or surpass a person or achievement, typically by imitation
enervate
make someone feel drained of energy, lacking in energy
ephemeral
lasting for a very short time
fervid
intensely enthusiastic or passionate, especially to an excessive degree
garrulous
excessively talkative, especially on trivial matters
incendiary
tending to stir up conflict
inimical
tending to obstruct, unfriendly hostile
intimate
closely acquainted, familiar, detailed or thorough
invigorate
give strength or energy to
mitigate
make something bad less severe, serious or painful
obsolete
out of date
opaque
unclear, not transparent
paradigmatic
serving as a typical example of something, of or denoting
pedantic
excessively concerned with minor details, over-scrupulous
placid
not easily upset or excited, calm and peaceful
polemical
of or involving strongly critical writing or speech
precipitate
cause to happen suddenly, unexpectedly or premature
profundity
great depth of insight or knowledge
prophetic
accurately predicting what will happen in future
prudent
acting with or showing care and thought for future
punctilious
showing great attention to detail or correct behavior
recondite
little known, abstruse
scrupulous
careful, thorough, and extremely attentive to details
tranquil
free from disturbance, calm
vacillate
waver between different opinions or actions, be indecisive
aloof
not friendly, distant, detached
clangor
a continuously loud banging or ringing sound
conventional
following traditional forms and genres
debunk
expose the falseness or hollowness of an idea or belief
diminutive
extremely or unusually small
discernible
able to be discerned, perceptible, visible, noticeable
enigmatic
difficult to understand, mysterious
estranged
no longer close to someone, alienated
extravagant
excessive, elaborate
fanciful
over-imaginative, unrealistic, highly ornamental
frivolous
carefree, not having any serious purpose
heterogeneous
diverse in character or content
imperious
arrogant and domineering
impertinent
not showing proper respect, irrelevant
invasive
tending to spread very quickly or undesirably, harmfully
irresolute
showing or feeling hesitancy; uncertain
laudable
deserving praise and commendation
lax
not sufficiently strict or careful, negligible / of muscle(relaxed)
marginalize
treat a person, group as insignificant or peripheral
panache
flamboyant confidence of style or manner
plodding
slow moving and unexciting
prosaic
lacking originality, commonplace, unromantic
remedial
intended as cure/ provided or intended for children with learning difficulties/ provided or intended for children with learning difficulties
restive
unable to remain still, silent, or submissive, especially because of boredom
sporadic
infrequent, scattered or isolated, occasional
stigmatize
great disapproval
undermine
erode the base/ lessen the effectiveness
utterly
completely or without qualification, absolutely
weary
tired(extreme)
zealous
showing zeal, fervent, passionate, fervid, ardent
admonish
warn or reprimand someone firmly
aesthetic
concerned with beauty
affectation
pretension, facade
alleviate
make suffering less severe
analogous
comparable in certain respects
bolster
support or strength
chauvinistic
displaying aggressive patriotism, displaying excessive support for their own cause, group or sex
connoisseur
an expert judge in matters of taste
dissemble
conceal or disguise one’s true feelings or beliefs
dogged
showing tenacity and grim persistence
dupe
trick, a victim of deception
empirical
based on observation rather than theory
engender
cause or give rise to a feeling situation
entitled
give someone a legal right
pertinacious
holding firmly to an opinion or a cause of action
presumptuous
failing to observe limits of what is appropriate/ brazen
probity
having strong moral principles, honesty and decency
proliferate
increase rapidly in number, multiply
specious
superficially plausible but actually wrong
spurious
- not being what it purports to be, false or fake
subjective
influenced by personal feelings, tastes, opinions
subvert
undermine the power and authority of system
timorous
lack of confidence, easily frightened
tortuous
full of twists and turns excessively complex
tractable
easy to control or influence, easy to deal with
transient
lasting for a short time
ubiquitous
present, appearing or found everywhere, omnipresent
underscore
emphasize
venal
bribery, corrupt
venerate
regard with great respect, reverence
appease
pacify or placate, assuage or satisfy
arbitrary
based on random choice/ unrestrained and autocratic in the use of authority
archaic
very old or old-fashioned
clamorous
making loud and confused noise/expressing or characterized by vehement protects or demands
dearth
a scarcity or lack of something
explicable
able to be accounted for or understood, explainable
hyperbole
exaggerated statements or claims not meant to be taken literally
immutable
unable to be changed
indefatigable
persisting tireless, tireless, untiring
indolent
lazy, idle/ (of medicine) no or little pain
insular
uninterested in cultures, ideas, or peoples outside one’s own experience, lacking contact with other people
intransigent
unwilling to change one’s views, uncompromising
intrepid
fearless, adventurous (often used for humorous effect)
irreverent
showing lack of respect for people or things that are generally taken seriously
loathe
intense dislike or disgust for
malign
evil in nature, speak about someone in a spitefully critical manner
malleable
easily influenced, pliable
neophyte
a person who is new to a subject, activity, or religion
plastic
easily shaped/artificial/offering scope for creativity
platitude
used too often to be interesting or thoughtful
prescient
showing knowledge of events before they take place
pristine
spotless, clean and fresh, immaculate
reproach
expression of disapproval
robust
vigorous/ able to withstand adverse conditions/ forceful
salubrious
healthy, pleasant
sanction
official permission/ a threatened penalty for disobeying rule
sedulous
showing dedication and diligence
soporific
tediously boring or monotonous
stern
serious, strict and severe
tendentious
intending to promote a point of view (controversial one)
accentuate
make more noticeable or prominent
conjectural
based on or involving conjecture, speculative
convivial
friendly, lively and enjoyable
decadent
characterized by a state of moral or cultural decline, person who is luxuriously self-indulgent
egregious
outstandingly bad, shocking
evanescent
soon passing out of sight, memory or existence, quickly fading or disappearing
flamboyant
tending to attract attention because of confidence, stylishness/ bright, colorful and noticeable
forestall
prevent or obstruct by taking advanced action
gainsay
deny, contradict, speak against or oppose
galvanize
shock or excite someone into taking action
indiscriminate
done at random or without careful judgment
innocuous
not harmful or offensive
momentary
lasting very short time, brief
mundane
lacking interest or excitement, dull
nettlesome
causing annoyance or difficulty
nullify
make null and void, invalidate
obviate
remove, avoid or prevent
omnipresent
widespread, constantly encountered
oust
drive out or expel from a position or place
palpable
so intense as to seem, almost tangible/ plain to see or comprehend, able to be touched or felt
perfidy
state of being deceitful and untrustworthy
profuse
abundant
pugnacious
eager to argue, quarrel or fight
sagacious
wise or shrewd, intelligent
sanguine
optimistic, positive/blood-red
scant
insufficient or barely sufficient
skulduggery
dishonest behavior or activities/ trickery
trivial
of little value or importance
utilitarian
designed to be useful or practical rather
vapid
offering nothing that is stimulating or challenging/ bland
boorish
rough and bad-mannered, coarse
brook
tolerate
circumspect
wary, cautious
comity
an association of nations for their mutual benefit/ considerate behavior towards others
commensurate
corresponding in size or degree, in proportion
cordial
warm and friendly
deleterious
causing harm
dichotomy
a division or contrast between two things that are or are represented as being opposed or entirely different
edify
instruct or improve (someone) morally or intellectually
elicit
evoke or draw out (a reaction answer) from someone
erudite
having or showing great knowledge or learning
fecund
highly fertile
feeble
lacking physical strength/ lacking strength of character/ failing to convince or impress
felicitous
well chosen or suited to the circumstances/ pleasing
forbear
refrain from doing something
haphazard
lacking any obvious principle of organization
hodgepodge
a confused mixture
impede
hinder
impetuous
acting or done quickly and without thought or care
irascible
having or showing a tendency to be easily angered
mercenary
making money at the expense of ethics/ a professional soldier hired to serve in a foreign army
meticulous
very careful and precious
mordant
humor) having or showing a sharp or critical quality, biting
outstrip
move faster and overtake/ exceed
precarious
not securely held or in position; dangerously likely to fall or collapse/ uncertain
quirky
having or characterized by peculiar or unexpected traits or aspects
repudiate
refuse to accept/ deny the truth or validity
tact
skill and sensitivity in dealing with others or with difficult issues
trifling
unimportant or trivial
acumen
the ability to make good judgments and take quick decisions
antithesis
contrast or opposition between two things
ascribe
regard text, quotation or work/ regard a quality as belonging to
befuddled
unable to think clearly
eschew
deliberately avoid using; abstain from
esoteric
likely to be understood by only a small number of people/ abstruse/ arcane/ obscure
evasive
tending to avoid commitment or self-revelation
exculpate
show or declare that someone is not guilty of wrongdoing
expedite
make (an action) happen sooner or be accomplished more quickly
fastidious
very attentive and concerned about accuracy and detail
feign
pretend to be affected by (a feeling, state or injury)
furtive
secretive/ suggestive of guilty nervousness
hamper
basket/ hinder
indispensable
absolutely necessary
lament
a passionate expression of grief or sorrow
myopic
short-sighted
nonchalant
calm and relaxed/ not displaying anxiety
partial
incomplete/ biased/ having a liking for
pensive
engaged in serious thought
portend
be a sign or warning that something calamitous is likely to happen
provincial
concerning a province of a country/religions regarded as narrow-minded
rudimentary
limited to basic principles/ relating to immature form
salutary
producing good efforts/ beneficial
sever
divide by cutting or slicing, suddenly and forcibly/ put to an end/ break off
slight
small in degree/ inconsiderate/ insult by treating without proper respect
somnolent
sleepy, drowsy
stoic
a person who can endure pain without complaining
supersede
take the place of other/ supplant
tout
attempt to sell/ attempt to persuade people of the merits of/ informer
wane
decrease in vigor or extent, become weaker
abhor
regard with disgust and hatred
boisterous
noisy, energetic and cheerful/(of weather) stormy
chivalrous
courteous and gallant especially towards women
churlish
rude in a mean-spirited and surly
clandestine
kept secret or done secretively
complacent
showing smug or uncritical satisfaction with oneself or one’s achievements/ self-satisfied
cumbersome
large or heavy and therefore difficult to carry or use/ unwieldy/ complicated, inefficient
debilitating
make someone weak and infirm/ hinder, delay
deliberate
done consciously and intentionally
droll
curious or unusual in a way that provokes dry amusement/ funny/ comic/ amusing
eccentric
(of a person) unconventional and slightly strange
fractious
irritable and quarrelsome/ difficult to control, unruly
limpid
completely clear and transparent/ accessible or melodious
mawkish
sentimental in an exaggerated or false way
obeisance
deferential respect, bow or curtsy
ostentatious
characterized by pretentious or showy display; designed to impress
panacea
a solution or remedy for all difficulties or diseases
perfunctory
carried out without real interest, feeling/ desultory
perilous
fall of danger or risk
pervasive
(unwelcome influence) spreading widely throughout an area or a group of people
preclude
prevent from happening; make impossible
predilection
a preference or special liking for something/ bias in favor
rapacious
aggressively greedy or grasping
relish
great enjoyment/ pleasurable anticipation
satirical
containing or using satire/ mocking another’s weakness
sham
a person who pretends to be someone or something they are not
skirt
be situated along or around the edge of/ avoid dealing with
sluggish
slow moving, lacking energy or alertness
spartan
austerity or lack of comfort or luxury/ harsh/ hard/ frugal
truculent
eager to argue; aggressively defiant
acrimonious
angry and bitter
belligerent
hostile and aggressive
beneficent
generous and doing good
canny
showing shrewdness and good judgment especially in money or business
cavalier
dashing man as a lady’s escort/ showing lack of concern
distressed
suffering from extreme anxiety, sorrow or pain
dwindling
gradually diminishing in size, amount or strength
eclipse
deprive something of significance and power
encyclopedia
comprehensive in terms of information
exacerbate
make problems worse
exasperated
intensely irritated and frustrated
fungible
mutually interchangeable
hackneyed
having been overused; unoriginal and trite
incongruous
not in harmony or keeping with surroundings
interchangeable
apparently identical
laconic
using very few words
lucrative
providing a great deal or profit
magisterial
domineering, dictatorial
onerous
involving great deal of effort, trouble, and burdensome
opprobrium
harsh criticism or censure
parsimonious
very unwilling to spend money or use resources
peripheral
minor importance, marginal
provocative
causing anger or another strong reaction, especially deliberately/ annoying
renounce
formally declare one’s abandonment
tempestuous
characterized by strong or conflicting emotion
tenable
defensible
transgression
act that goes against law
urbane
courteous and refined in manner
verisimilitude
the appearance of being true or real
vitiate
spoil or impair thee quality or efficiency of something
affinity
a natural liking for something/ resemblance
altruistic
selfless
baroque
highly ornate and extravagant in style
byzantine
excessively complicated/ characterized by deviousness
compromise
agreement/ harm by accepting standards that are lower than is desirable/ cause to become vulnerable
conciliatory
intended or likely to placate or pacify
countenance
facial expression/ support or approval
covert
not openly acknowledged or displayed/secretive, clandestine
credible
able to be believed, trustworthy
diffuse
spread out/ lacking clarity or conciseness, verbose
documentary
based on official documents or aspects, comprehensive
exhaustive
including all elements or aspects, comprehensive
exhilarating
thrilling, making one fell very happy, animated
extraneous
irrelevant or unrelated to the subject
fervor
intense and passionate feeling
futile
fruitless, pointless
illusory
based on illusion
invidious
unpleasant, illusion
lethargic
sluggish, lazy
metaphorical
figurative
mimic
imitate
numinous
having strong religious or spiritual quality
obscure
not discovered or known about/ abstruse
overt
done or shown openly