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Intro to Phonetics > vocab > Flashcards

vocab Flashcards

1
Q

phonetics

A

the study of the production and perception of speech sounds

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2
Q

IPA

A

alphabet used to represent the sounds of the worlds languages, created to promote a universal method of phonetic transcription

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3
Q

phonology

A

the systematic organization of speech sounds in the production of language

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4
Q

phonetics vs. phonology

A

phonetics is the study, phonology is the rules

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5
Q

syntactic/morphological rules

A

grammar

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6
Q

semantic rules

A

for utterance meaning

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7
Q

pragmatic rules

A

for language use

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8
Q

dialect

A

variation of speech or language based on geographical area, native language background, and social or ethnic group membership

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9
Q

historical

A

sound changes over time

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10
Q

physiological

A

function of various articulators

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11
Q

acoustic

A

frequency, intensity, duration,

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12
Q

perceptual

A

pitch, loudness, length

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13
Q

experimental

A

lab studies (spectrograph)

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14
Q

clinical

A

transcription of speech sound disorders

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15
Q

diacrtics

A

markings to identify variations

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16
Q

morphemes

A

smallest units of language that carry meaning

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17
Q

code

A

translation of one type of information into another type of information

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18
Q

referent

A

the aspect of the world to which the word refers

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19
Q

speech

A

neuromuscular process by which humans turn language into sound signals and transmit it to a receiver

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20
Q

hearing

A

the sensory system that allows speech to enter into and be processed by the human brain

21
Q

speech - muscles in 4 systems

A

respiration, phonoation, resonation, articulatin

22
Q

phonemes

A

represented by the IPA

23
Q

audition

A

the perception of sound - hearing

24
Q

acoustics

A

the study of sound

25
Q

graphemes

A

printed letters of the alphabet

26
Q

phonemes

A

the sounds we hear

27
Q

allographs

A

different letters that make the same sound

28
Q

morpheme

A

smallest unit of language that can carry meaning

29
Q

minimal pairs

A

words that vary only by one speech sound

30
Q

bound morphemes

A

must be attached to other morphemes

31
Q

free morphemes

A

can stand alone

32
Q

digraphs

A

pair of letters that represents one sound

33
Q

allographs

A

differing letter sequences that represent the same sound

34
Q

allophones

A

varient productions of a phoneme (where you place your tongue for example), doesn’t change identity or meaning of the word

35
Q

phonetic context

A

certain allophones must be produced a particular way due to the constraints of the other sounds in the word

36
Q

complimentary distribution

A

not free in terms of where in the mouth they may be produced

37
Q

aspiration

A

a small puff of air (pit)

38
Q

unaspirated

A

no puff of air (spit), in english unaspirated phonemes never occur in the initial position of the word

39
Q

free variation

A

not linked to phonetic context

40
Q

syllable

A

basic unit of speech production and perception generally consisting of a segment of greatest acoustic energy and segments of lower energy

41
Q

syllable

A

basic building block of language, one vowel or vowel and consonants

42
Q

syllable parts

A

onset, rhyme

43
Q

onset

A

all the consonants that proceed the vowel

44
Q

rhyme parts

A

coda and nucleus

45
Q

coda

A

single consonant OR consonant clusters

46
Q

nucleus

A

typically a vowel OR a consonant that takes on a vowel rule (syllabic consonants)

47
Q

open syllables

A

syllables that end with a vowel phoneme (no coda)

48
Q

closed syllables

A

syllables that end with a consonant phoneme (coda)

49
Q

dipthong

A

single phoneme consisting of two vowel elements - onglide and offglide

Intro to Phonetics (2 decks)

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