Vocab Flashcards
Level of Organization: Definitions
1. Cells
The basic unit of life. A single cell made of organelles can perform all of the basic functions of life.
Level of Organization: Definitions
2. Tissue
A group of cells that are together and perform a similar function.
Level of Organization: Definitions
3. Organ
A group of tissues that are together and perform a similar function.
Level of Organization: Definitions
4. Organ System
A group of organs that all work together to perform a general process for the body, such as digestion or respiration.
Level of Organization: Definitions
5. Organism
A group of organ systems that form one complete living thing. An organism can also be unicellular, consisting of one single cell.
Level of Organization: Definitions
6. Population
A group of the same species of organism living in the same area
Level of Organization: Definitions
7.Community
All of the biotic populations in one area
Level of Organization: Definitions
8. Ecosystem
All of the biotic AND abiotic factors in one area
Level of Organization: Definitions
9. Biome
A large area that shares similar abiotic factors and generally similar forms of life
Level of Organization: Definitions
10.Biosphere
All living things on Earth
Type of symbiotic relationship:
Mutualism
Both organisms benefit from the interaction
Type of symbiotic relationship:
Commensalism
One organism benefits, the other is unaffected
Type of symbiotic relationship:
Parasitism
One organism benefits, the other is hurt
Predator-Prey Cycle
When a species population rapidly multiplies, the number for predators increases. As the predator eventually eats all the prey, the prey population decreases and predo population decreased due to starvation
Dependent variable
A value that depends on another value. ( the independent value)
Independent variable
a variable that stands alone and isn’t changed by the other variables
Controlled variable/constant
an experimental element which is constant (controlled) and unchanged throughout the course of the investigation.
Competitive Exclusion Principle
two species which compete for the same limited resource cannot coexist at constant population values.
Mechanical defense
armor in animals or thorns in plants, discourage predation and herbivory by discouraging physical contact
Behavioral defense
to avoid or confuses predators they play dead or travel in large groups
Chemical defense
plant species produce secondary plant compounds that serve no function for the plant except that they are toxic to animals and discourage consumption.
Physical defense
physical appearance, such as body shape and coloration, to avoid being detected by predators. coloration as a way of warning predators that they are distasteful or poisonous. Camouflage
Symbiosis
a relationship or interaction between two or more species that share a common habitat.
Pioneer species
species that first colonize new habitats created by disturbance (bacteria, lichen, mosses, and fungi)
Commensalism
occurs when one species benefits from a close prolonged interaction, while the other neither benefits nor is harmed.
Biodiversity
The variety of life on Earth including all organisms and ecosystems
Resistance
Ability to handle changes without losing its basic function
Resilience
The speed of recovery after disturbances
Autotroph
is an organism that can convert abiotic sources of energy into energy stored in organic compounds, which can be used by other organisms
ex alge
Net primary productivity
The amount of energy that plants produce through photosynthesis minus the energy they use for respiration energy available for growth and consumption by herbivores
Biomagnification
The process where the concentration of toxins increase as a move up the food chain affecting top predators the most
Gross primary productivity
The total amount of energy produced by plants through photosynthesis before any Organism uses oxygen to release energy from food
Nitrogen cycle
How nitrogen moves between the atmosphere soil and living things helping plants grow and supporting life
Carbon cycle
How carbon moves between the atmosphere oceans soil and living things essential for life on Earth
Biogeochemical cycle
The movement of elements like carbon nitrogen and water through living things in the environment keeping ecosystems balanced
CHNOPS
Stands for the six key elements in living organisms carbon hydrogen nitrogen oxygen phosphorus and sulfur
Phosphorus cycle
How philosophers moves through rocks soil water and living things crucial for DNA and energy in cells
Sulfur cycle
How sulfur moves through rocks soil water and living things in central for proteins and enzymes in organisms
Eutrophication
The process where water bodies become nutrient-rich leading to excessive algae growth and the blemish harming aquatic life
Carbon sink
Absorbs and storms more carbon dioxide from the atmosphere then it releases
Carbon source
Releases more carbon dioxide into the atmosphere than absorbs
Carbon store
Holds stores carbon
