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HESI Prep > Vocab > Flashcards

Vocab Flashcards

1
Q

Abrupt

A

Describes a sudden change that occurs without warning.

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2
Q

Abstain

Ex: The dental hygienist is instructed the patient to abstain from smoking to improve his breath odor.

A

To voluntarily refrain from doing something

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3
Q

Access

A

The freedom to use something as one chooses; the permission or ability to enter or approach a specific entity or area.

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4
Q

Accountable

Ex. Paramedics are accountable for maintaining up-to-date knowledge of resuscitation technique

A

To be responsible

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5
Q

Acute

Ex: The nurse administered the prescribed pain medication to the patient who was experiencing acute pain after surgery

A

Sudden, intense

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6
Q

Adhere

Ex. The tape must adhere to the patient’s skin to hold the bandage in place

A

To hold fast or stick together

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7
Q

Adverse

Ex: Vomiting is an adverse effect of many medication

A

Undesired, possibly harmful

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8
Q

Affect

A

An appearance of an observable emotion or a clear influence on one’s emotions

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9
Q

Aggregate

A

A sum total of many things

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10
Q

Aid

A

A resource (band-aid)

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11
Q

Aide

A

Assistant; helper

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12
Q

Ambivalent

Ex: After learning that she had breast cancer, the patient was ambivalent about having a mastectomy

A

Uncertain, having contradictory feelings

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13
Q

Ambulate

Ex: The patient left the hospital as soon as he was able to ambulate independently

A

To walk

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14
Q

Annual

A

The duration of a single year; an occurrence that takes place once each year

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15
Q

Anterior

A

The front

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16
Q

Apply

Ex: The nurse will apply a medication to the wound before covering the wound with a bandage

A

To place, put on, or spread something

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17
Q

Assent

Ex: The patient was asked to assent to the surgery by signing the informed consent document.

A

To give consent; to agree

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18
Q

Applicable

A

Relevant

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19
Q

Audible

Ex. The respiratory therapist noted the patient’s audible wheezing as a symptom of the patient’s asthma.

A

Able to be heard

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20
Q

Assistance

A

The action of helping someone with a job or task

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21
Q

Bacteria

Ex: The health care provider ordered a laboratory test to confirm that the patient’s illness was caused by bacteria rather a virus.

A

Single-celled, microscopic organisms

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22
Q

Bilateral

Ex. The unlicensed assistive personnel reported to the nurse that the patient had bilateral weakness in the legs when walking.

A

Present on two sides

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23
Q

Cardiac

Ex. Smoking increases the risk of cardiac disease.

A

Of or relating to the heart

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24
Q

Cast

A

The process by which something is given shape through the pouring of a liquid substance into a mold; may also refer to the throwing of an object

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25
Q

Cavity

Ex. The nurse inspected the patient’s oral cavity for lesions

A

An opening or an empty area.

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26
Q

Cease

Ex. Because the patient’s breathing had ceased the paramedic began resuscitation measures.

A

Come to an end or bring to an end, stop

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27
Q

Chronic

Ex. The patient has suffered from chronic headaches ever since a car accident 6 months ago

A

Lasting or recurring over a long period of time

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28
Q

Chronology

Ex. The police interviewed witnesses and first responders to determine the chronology of the accident.

A

Order of events as they occurred; timeline.

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29
Q

Circuit

A

Movement once around a course

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30
Q

Compensatory

Ex. When the patient’s blood pressure decreased, the paramedic noted that the heart rate increased, which was recognized as a compensatory action.

A

Offsetting or making up for something

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31
Q

Complications

A

A factor that presents a degree of difficulty; may also refer to a secondary disease or conditions

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32
Q

Comply

A

To carry out the wishes of another person; to perform in the manner prescribed by law

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33
Q

Comprehension

A

To understand, through

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34
Q

Concave

Ex. The dietician noticed that the patient was very thin and that the patient’s abdomen appeared concave.

A

Round inward

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35
Q

Concise

Ex. When teaching a patient, the nurse tried to be concise so that the instructions would be easy to remember.

A

Brief, to the point

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36
Q

Congenital

Ex. The patient had surgery as a child to correct a congenital heart defect.

A

Present at birth

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37
Q

Consistency

Ex.: The respiratory therapist noticed that the mucus that patient was coughing was of a thin, watery consistency.

A

Degree of viscosity; how thick or thin a fluid is in relation to how it flows.

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38
Q

Constrict

Ex. the nurse knows that the small blood vessels of the skin will constrict when ice is applied to the skin.

A

To draw together or become smaller

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39
Q

Contingent

Ex. The hygienist told the patient that a healthy mouse ins contingent on careful daily brushing and flossing.

A

Dependent

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40
Q

Contour

A

The line that represents the shape ox a curvy figure

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41
Q

Contract

A

An agreement between two parties that binds each to perform certain actions

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42
Q

Contraindication

Ex. The patient’s excessive bleeding was a contraindication for discharge from the hospital.

A

A reason something is not advisable or should not be done

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43
Q

Convulsive

Ex. Epilepsy is a convulsive disorder.

A

Having or causing convulsions or sudden involuntary movement, i.e., violet shaking of the body

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44
Q

Cursory

Ex. During tirage, the paramedic gave each accident victim a cursory examination.

A

Quick , perfunctory, or thorough.

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45
Q

Defecate

Ex. The unlicensed assistive personnel helped the patient to the toilet when the patient needed to defecate.

A

Expel feces

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46
Q

Deficit

Ex. The therapist explained that the patient will experience a fluid deficit if the patient continues to perspire heavily during exercise without drinking enough fluids.

A

A deficiency or lack of something

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47
Q

Depress

Ex. The nurse will depress the patient’s skin to see if any swelling is present

A

Press downward

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48
Q

Depth

Ex. The nurse measures the depth of a wound by inserting a cotton swab into the wound.

A

Downward measurement from a surface

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49
Q

Deteriorating

Ex. The dental hygienist explains that the condition of the patient’s gums is deteriorating and treatment by the dentist is needed right away.

A

Worsening

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50
Q

Detestable

A

Intense dislike

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51
Q

Device

A

Something that is devised or thought up; may be a piece of equipment designed for a specific task

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52
Q

Diagnosis

Ex. The patient received a diagnosis of pancreatitis.

A

Identification of an injury or disease.

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53
Q

Diameter

A

The length of a line that passes through the body of an object.

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54
Q

Diffuse

Ex. The patient’s swelling was originally limited to a small area but is now diffuse.

A

Spread over a large area; generalized.

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55
Q

Dilate

Ex. When shining a light in the patient’s eyes, the nurse looks to see if both pupils dilate in response to the light.

A

To enlarge or expand.

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56
Q

Dilute

Ex. Dilute the mixture to taste if it is too salty.

A

To make weaker

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57
Q

Discrete

Ex. The paramedic observed several discrete bruise marks on the patient’s body.

A

Distinct, separate.

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58
Q

Distal

Ex. The paramedic suspected that the patient had a dislocated knee and knew it was important to check a distal pulse in the ankle.

A

Distant; away from the center (such as of the body).

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59
Q

Distended

Ex. When a blood vessel is distended, the laboratory technician can easily insert a needle to obtain a blood sample.

A

Enlarged or expanded from pressure.

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60
Q

Dysfunction

Ex. Family dysfunction may increase when a member experiences an acute physical illness.

A

Impaired or abnormal functioning.

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61
Q

Docile

Ex. The animal looked remarkably docile.

A

Easily handled or managed (tame)

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62
Q

Elevate

Ex. The exercise will naturally elevate your chest and head.

A

To lift or make something higher

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63
Q

Empathy

Ex. After being diagnosed with cancer, the health care provider felt more empathy toward patients with cancer.

A

Ability to share what others are feeling; understanding the feelings of another.

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64
Q

Endogenous

Ex. The expected rate of infection is endogenous to the system.

A

The growth from a deep tissue; refers to conditions that arise from factors that are internal to an organism

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65
Q

Enigma

Ex. The neighbor was still an enigma to him.

A

Mysterious

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66
Q

Enough

A

Adequate

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67
Q

Equilibrium

Ex. The nurse suspected that an ear infection was the cause of the patient’s lack of equilibrium.

A

Balance

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68
Q

Etiology

Ex. The nurse interviewed the patient to determine the etiology of the patient’s food poisoning.

A

The origin or cause of a disease or condition.

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69
Q

Eradicate

A

Destroy completely

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70
Q

Euphemism

A

An inoffensive expression that is substituted for one that is considered offensive

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71
Q

Exacerbate

Ex. The physical therapist recognized that too much exercise would exacerbate the patient’s breathing difficulties.

A

To make worse or more severe.

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72
Q

Excess

A

More than what is needed or having too much of something

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73
Q

Exogenous

A

The growth from superficial or shallow tissue; refers to conditions caused by factors that are external to an organism

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74
Q

Expand

A

To open or unfold; refers to an increase in number, size, or scope; may refer to the expression of an idea in greater depth

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75
Q

Expectorate

A

To cough up discharge from the lungs through the mouth. (spit).

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76
Q

Exposure

Ex. The nurse taught the parents of a newborn to avoid exposure to people with severe infections.

A

To come in contact, being subject to a condition or influence; making a secret fact known publicly

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77
Q

Extension

Ex. The physical therapist helped the patient perform extension and flexion exercises.

A

Lengthening; unbending a joint.

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78
Q

External

A

Being outside the human body; existing outside the confines of a specific space or institution

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79
Q

Fatal

Ex. The emergency medical technicians arrived too late to save any lives at the scene of a fatal car accident.

A

Resulting in death.

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80
Q

Fatigue

Ex. The dietician explained to the patient that eating more iron-rich foods may help reduce feelings of fatigue.

A

Extreme tiredness, exhaustion.

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81
Q

Febrile

Ex. An elevated body temperature is a sign of a febrile infection.

A

Related to or caused by a fever.

82
Q

Flaccid

A

The state of not being firm; lacking vigor, force, or youthful firmness

83
Q

Flexion

Ex. Arthritis can make flexion of the fingers difficult.

A

Bending a joint.

84
Q

Flushed

Ex. The therapist observed that the patient’s face was flushed after the patient completed the exercises.

A

Reddened or ruddy appearance.

85
Q

Fundamentals

A

Basics

86
Q

Gaping

A

Something that is wide open and exposed

87
Q

Gastrointestinal

Ex. The patient was diagnosed with a gastrointestinal disease

A

Of or relating to the stomach and the intestines.

88
Q

Gender

A

The behavioral, cultural, or psychological traits that are associated with a specific sex

89
Q

Hematologic

Ex. Pregnancy can put a woman at risk for anemia, which is a hematologic disorder.

A

Or or relating to blood.

90
Q

Hydration

Ex. The medical assistant explains that adequate hydration helps keep skin soft and supple.

A

Maintenance of body fluid balance.

91
Q

Hygiene

Ex. The dental assistant teaches patients about good hygiene practices to maintain strong teeth.

A

Measures contributing to cleanliness and good health

92
Q

Impaired

Ex. The paramedic stated that the patient’s impaired speech was obvious in the way she slurred her words.

A

Diminished or lacking some usual quality or level.

93
Q

Impending

Ex. The nurse manager increased the emergency room staffing in anticipation of accidents being cause by the impending snowstorm.

A

Occurring in the near future, about to happen.

94
Q

Impervious

Ex. Standard precautions require the use of impervious gloves when bodily fluids are handled.

A

Impenetrable, now allowing anything to pass through.

95
Q

Imply

Ex. The look on the administrator’s face implied that she was happy about the results of the inspection.

A

To suggest without explicitly stating.

96
Q

Implement

A

To put into action; execute

97
Q

Incidence

Ex. In recent years there has been an increased incidence of infections that do not respond to antibiotics.

A

Occurrence

98
Q

Infection

Ex. The health care provider prescribed antibiotics for the patient with a bacterial infection.

A

Contamination or invasion of body tissue by pathogenic organisms.

99
Q

Infer

Ex. When the patient started crying while receiving an injection, the nurse inferred that the patient was in pain.

A

To conclude or deduce

100
Q

Inflamed

Ex. The nurse observed that the skin around the patient’s wound was inflamed.

A

Reddened, swollen, warm, and often tender.

101
Q

Ingest

Ex. The paramedic may contact the poison control center when providing emergency care for a child who has ingested cleaning fluid.

A

To swallow for digestion.

102
Q

Initiate

Ex. The nurse decided to initiate safety measure to prevent injury because the patient was very weak.

A

To begin or put into practice.

103
Q

Insidious

Ex. The health care provider explained that the cancer probably started years ago but had not been detected because its spread was insidious.

A

So gradual as to not become apparent for a long time.

104
Q

Intact

Ex. The nurse observed that the patient’s bandage was intact.

A

In place, unharmed

105
Q

Internal

A

Things inside of the body or the mind; something that exists within the limits and confines of something else

106
Q

Intubate

Ex. The patient was unable to breathe effectively, so the health care provider had to intubate immediately.

A

To insert a tube into something (usually a patient’s airway).

107
Q

Invasive

Ex. The laboratory technician is careful when obtaining blood samples because this invasive procedure may cause problems such as infection or bruising.

A

Inserting or entering into a body part. Tending to spread or infringe upon something

108
Q

Justification

A

To prove something is right

109
Q

Kinetic

Ex. Kinetic energy from the battery of the medical assistant’s tablet caused the device to feel warm to the touch.

A

Or or relating to movement.

110
Q

Labile

Ex. Because the child’s temperature was labile, the nurse instructed the unlicensed assistive personnel to check the temperature frequently.

A

Changing rapidly and often.

111
Q

Laceration

Ex. After the accident, the paramedic examined the patient’s lacerations.

A

Cut; tear

112
Q

Latent

Ex. The latent infection produced symptoms only when the patient’s condition was weakened from another illness.

A

Present but not active or visible.

113
Q

Lateral

Ex. The physical therapist recommended exercises to help increase the strength of the patient’s lateral muscles.

A

On the side

114
Q

Lethargic

Ex. The unlicensed assistive personnel observed that on the morning after a patient received a sleeping pill, the patient was too lethargic to eat breakfast.

A

Difficult to arouse.

115
Q

Majority

A

The greater in number of two parts

116
Q

Manifestation

Ex. The dietician looked for manifestations or poor nutrition, such as excessive weight loss and poor skin condition.

A

An indication or sign of a condition.

117
Q

Medication

A

Medicine or a chemical compound used to treat or cure illness.

118
Q

Musculoskeletal

Ex. As a result of overtraining, the athlete suffered a musculoskeletal injury.

A

Of or relating to muscle and skeleton.

119
Q

Milieu

A

The environmental condition, or setting

120
Q

Metabolism

A

The sum of all chemical processes that occur in an organism

121
Q

Neurologic

Ex. The nurse checked the neurologic status of the patient who was brought to the emergency room after a motorcycle accident.

A

Of or relating to the nervous system.

122
Q

Neurovascular

Ex. Strokes and aneurysms are neurovascular disorders.

A

Or or relating to the nervous system and blood vessels.

123
Q

Nutrient

Ex. The dietician explains that fruits and vegetables contain nutrients that reduce the risk of some cancers.

A

Substance or ingredient that provides nourishment.

124
Q

Occluded

Ex. Because the patient’s foot was cold and blue, the nurse reported that the patient’s circulation to that foot was occluded.

A

Closed or obstructed.

125
Q

Ominous

A

Exhibiting an omen; refers to something evil or disastrous that appears likely to occur

126
Q

Ongoing

Ex. The nurse instructed the patient that the treatment would be ongoing throughout the patient’s entire hospital stay.

A

Continuous.

127
Q

Oral

Ex. The patient’s instructions stated “no oral fluids for 24 hours following surgery.”

A

Given through or affecting the mouth.

128
Q

Osmosis

A

The higher the concentration the lower the osmosis

129
Q

Ostracize

A

To exclude someone

130
Q

Otic

Ex. The health care provider prescribed an otic medication to treat the patient’s ear infection.

A

Of the ear.

131
Q

Overt

A

Obvious, easily observed

132
Q

Parameter

Ex. The dietician explained that the number of calories needed for energy is one of the important parameters of a healthy diet.

A

A characteristic or constant factor, limit.

133
Q

Paroxysmal

A

Characterized by a sudden fit or attack of symptoms; may be a sudden emotion or uncontrollable action.

134
Q

Patent

Ex. The nurse checked to see whether the intravenous needle was patent before giving the patient a medication.

A

Open

135
Q

Patient

A

A person receiving or registered to receive medical treatment.

136
Q

Pathogenic

Ex. Viruses and bacteria are pathogenic organisms.

A

Causing or able to cause disease.

137
Q

Pathology

Ex. The health care provider called to request the pathology report for her patient.

A

Processes, causes, and effects of a disease; abnormality.

138
Q

Plurality

A

(In an election with more than 2 options) the number of votes for the candidate or party receiving the greatest number (but less that half of the votes)

139
Q

Posterior

Ex. The dentist examined the posterior surface of the tooth for a cavity.

A

Located behind; in the back.

140
Q

Potent

Ex. The potent medication immediately relieved the patient’s pain.

A

Producing a strong effect or able to copulate as a male

141
Q

Potential

Ex. Because the patient was very weak, the physical therapist felt the patient had a high potential for falling.

A

Capable of occurring or likely to occur.

142
Q

Precaution

Ex. The laboratory technician wore gloves as a precaution against blood contamination.

A

Preventative measure.

143
Q

Precipitous

Ex. The paramedic assisted the pregnant woman during a precipitous delivery in her home.

A

Rapid, uncontrolled or very steep or difficult to climb or overcome

144
Q

Predispose

Ex. The dietician explains that high dietary fat intake predisposes some people to heart disease.

A

To make more susceptible or more likely to occur.

145
Q

Preexisting

Ex. The nurse notified the health care provider that the patient has a preexisting condition that might lead to complications during the emergency surgery.

A

Already present.

146
Q

Prescription

A

A written order from a licensed medical professional to a pharmacist, authorizing them to prepare and give a specific patient a specific prescription drug

147
Q

Prefer

A

Like (one thing or person) better than another or others; tend to choose.

148
Q

Primary

Ex. The patient’s primary concern was when he could return to work after the operation.

A

First or most significant.

149
Q

Priority

Ex. The laboratory technician was gentle when inserting the needle because it is a high priority to ensure that the patient does not experience excessive pain and discomfort during the procedure.

A

Of great importance.

150
Q

Prognosis

Ex. The physician explained that, with treatment, the patient’s prognosis was for a long and healthy life.

A

The anticipated or expected course or outcome.

151
Q

Proliferation

A

A rapid increase in number

152
Q

Rampant

A

Unrestrained

153
Q

Rationale

Ex. To ensure that the patient will follow the diet instructions, the medical assistant explains the rationale for the low-salt diet.

A

The underlying reason.

154
Q

Recur

Ex. To ensure that a tooth cavity does not recur, the dental hygienist instructs the patient to use tooth paste with fluoride regularly.

A

To occur again.

155
Q

Renal

Ex. The nurse closely monitored the oral intake and urinary output of the patient with acute renal failure.

A

Of or relating to the kidneys.

156
Q

Regimen

A

A systematic plan for therapy (often including diet)

157
Q

Remission

A

Improvement or absence of signs of disease

158
Q

Residual

Ex. Patients often have residual weakness after suffering a stroke.

A

Remaining, left, continuing.

159
Q

Respiration

Ex. Exercise increases the rate and depth of an individual’s respiration.

A

Inhalation and exhalation of air.

160
Q

Restrict

A

To confine something or someone within specific limitations or boundaries

161
Q

Retain

Ex. The nurse administered a medication to prevent the patient from retaining excess body fluid, which might cause swelling.

A

To hold or keep

162
Q

Rigidity

A

Inability to be changed

163
Q

Site

A

The physical location of a structure; the physical space reserved for a building; the place or scene of an occurrence

164
Q

Sputum

A

Mucous secretion from the lungs, bronchi, and trachea expelled through the mouth

165
Q

Status

Ex. The paramedic recognized that the patient’s tatus was unstable, which necessitated immediate transport to the nearest medical center.

A

Condition.

166
Q

Strict

A

Inflexible; maintained in such a manner that cannot be changed or altered

167
Q

Subcutaneous

Ex. The nurse administered the mediation by subcutaneous injection.

A

Under the skin.

168
Q

Sublingual

Ex. The patient was prescribed a sublingual medication for chest pain

A

Under the tongue.

169
Q

Superego

A

The moral component of personality that incorporates social standards about what represents right and wrong

170
Q

Supplement

Ex. The dietician instructed the patients to supplement their diets with calcium tablets to help build strong bones.

A

To take in addition to or to complete.

171
Q

Supposition

A

A message expressing an opinion based on incomplete evidence

172
Q

Suppress

Ex. When the child’s temperature decreased, the nurse checked to see if any medications had been given that would have suppressed the fever.

A

To stop or subdue.

173
Q

Symmetric (symmetrical)

Ex. The paramedic observed that the movement of both sides of the patient’s chest was symmetrical after the accident.

A

Benign equal or the same in size, shape, and relative position.

174
Q

Symptom

Ex. The nurse recognized that the patient’s weakness was a symptom of bleeding after surgery.

A

An indication of a problem.

175
Q

Syndrome

Ex. After reviewing the patient’s symptoms, which included pain and tingling in the hand and fingers, the health care provider made a diagnosis or carpal tunnel syndrome.

A

Group of symptoms that, when occurring together, reflect a specific disorder, or disorder.

176
Q

Therapeutic

Ex. Therapeutic diets may include calorie and salt restrictions.

A

Of or relating to the treatment of a disease or a disorder.

177
Q

Tertiary Health Care

A

A system to return patients to wellness

178
Q

Toxic

Ex. The pediatric health care provider recommended that the parents of a toddler keep all toxic substances out of the toddler’s reach.

A

Causing harm, poisonous.

179
Q

Transdermal

Ex. The health care provider prescribed a transdermal nicotine patch for a patient participating in the smoking cessation program.

A

Crossing through the skin.

180
Q

Transmission

Ex. Nurses should wash their hands to prevent the transmission of infections.

A

Transfer; such as of a disease, from one person to another.

181
Q

Trauma

Ex. The accident victim had severe facial trauma.

A

Injury, wound.

182
Q

Triage

Ex. When the paramedics arrived at the scene of the accident, they had to triage the patients.

A

Process used to determine the priority of treatment for patients according to the severity of a patient’s condition and the likelihood of benefit from the treatment.

183
Q

Ubiquitous

Ex. The patient noticed the ubiquitous “no smoking” signs in the clinic.

A

Being or seeming to be everywhere at once

184
Q

Untoward

A

Adverse, negative or unseemly

185
Q

Urinate

Ex. The patient was instructed to urinate into the container so the nurse could send the urine sample to the laboratory.

A

Excrete or expel urine.

186
Q

Valid

A

Founded on fact or evidence

187
Q

Vascular

Ex. The patient underwent vascular surgery for the repair of an abdominal aortic aneurysm.

A

Of or relating to blood vessels.

188
Q

Venerable

A

Accorded a great deal of respect, especially because of age, wisdom, or character.

189
Q

Verbal

A

Relating to or consisting of words; involving words rather than meaning or substance

190
Q

Vertigo

A

Dizziness and loss of balance affected by disease of the inner ear

191
Q

Virulent

Ex. The virulent infection required an aggressive treatment regimen.

A

Extremely harmful and severe.

192
Q

Virus

Ex. A person with a cold who goes shopping can transmit the virus to other.

A

Microscopic infectious agent capable of replicating only in living cells, usually causing infectious disease.

193
Q

Viscosity

A

A liquid that is resistant to flow

194
Q

Vital

Ex. The paramedic knows that is vital to learn what type of poison was taken when caring for a poisoning victim.

A

Essential.

195
Q

Void

A

Not occupied or empty; of no legal force or effect

196
Q

Volume

Ex. The nurse recorded the volume of cough syrup administered to the patient

A

Amount of space occupied by a fluid.

197
Q

Q.I.D

A

4 times a day

198
Q

ATBE

A

At bedtime

199
Q

Q.D.

A

Once per day

200
Q

Q.8H

A

Every 8 hours

HESI Prep (4 decks)

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