Vocab

Question 1

Statistics

Answer 1

A characteristic of a sample; Generally used to estimate the value of a population.

Question 2

Individuals

Answer 2

People of objects that data is describing.

Question 3

Variables

Answer 3

The characteristics measured or observed when an experiment is carried out or an observation is made.

Question 4

Categorial Data/Variable

Answer 4

Variables that take on values that are names or labels (ex. color of a ball).

Question 5

Quantitive Data/Variable

Answer 5

Variables that are numerical (ex. #’s)

Question 6

Discrete Variable

Answer 6

A variable that cannot take on just ANY value between its min and max value (ex. when flipping a coin you can get an infinite amount of heads but not 2.5).

Question 7

Continuous Variable

Answer 7

A variable that can take on any value between its min and max value (ex. if someone has to weigh 150-250 lbs. there can be any value between those limits).

Question 8

Distribution

Answer 8

The set of values of a set of data, possibly grouped into classes, together with their frequencies or relative frequencies.

Question 9

Frequency Table

Answer 9

A table that shows frequency counts for a categorical variable.

Question 10

Relative Frequency Table

Answer 10

A table that shows relative frequencies for different categories of a categorical variable.

Question 11

Bar Graph

Answer 11

Columns and rows plotted on a graph.

Question 12

Pie Chart

Answer 12

A graph shaped like a circle with pie-like “slices”

Question 13

Stemplot

Answer 13

Used to display quantitive data, generally from small sets (50 or less)

Question 14

Histogram

Answer 14

Made up of columns on a graph;
- Columns over a label meant continuous, quantitative variables
- The height indicates the size defined by the column label.

Question 15

Difference between bar graph and histogram

Answer 15

-Bar compares discrete or categorical values (gaps)
-Histogram depicts the frequency distribution of variables in a dataset. (NO GAPS)

Question 16

Time Series Graph

Answer 16

Data points arranged on a grid timeline

Question 17

Association

Answer 17

2 variables are associated if they are not independent

Question 18

Causation

Answer 18

the action of causing something; The “cause”.

Question 19

Mean

Answer 19

The average score- the sum of individuals/variables divided by the # of individuals.

Question 20

Median

Answer 20

Central tendency- arrange the smallest to largest, and the median is the middle value. If there are an even amount of values, the median is the average of the middle 2.

Question 21

Range

Answer 21

Variation- the difference between the biggest & smallest random variable. Range = max-min.