vocab Flashcards by Elsie Dahl

a, ab

+ablative (also used as prefix with verbs)

from, away from, by (as prefix = away)

preposition

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absum

abesse, afui

be absent, be away, be distant from

verb irregular

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ac, atque

indeclinable

and

conjunction

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accido

accidere, accidi

happen

verb 3

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accipio

accipere, accepi, acceptus

accept, take in, receive

verb 3

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+accusative (also used as prefix with verbs)

to, towards, at

preposition

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adeo

indeclinable

so much, so greatly, to such an extent

adverb

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adsum

adesse, adfui

be here, be present

verb irregular

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advenio

advenire, adveni

arrive

verb 4

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aedifico

aedificare, aedificavi, aedificatus

build

verb 1

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ager

agri, m

field

noun 2

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ago

agere, egi, actus

do, act, drive

verb 3

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alii … alii

some … others

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alius

alia, aliud

other, another, else

pronoun/adjective

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alter

altera, alterum

the other, another, one (of two), the second (of two)

pronoun/adjective

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altus

alta, altum

high, deep

adjective

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ambulo

ambulare, ambulavi

walk

verb 1

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amicus

amici, m

friend

noun 2

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amo

amare, amavi, amatus

love, like

verb 1

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amor

amoris, m

love

noun 3

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ancilla

ancillae, f

slave-girl, slave-woman

noun 1

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animus

animi, m

spirit, soul, mind

noun 2

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annus

anni, m

year

noun 2

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antea

indeclinable

before

adverb

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aqua

aquae, f

water

noun 1

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arma

armorum, n plural

arms, weapons

noun 2 plural

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ars

artis, f

art, skill

noun 3

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ascendo

ascendere, ascendi, ascensus

climb

verb 3

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audax

audacis

bold, daring

adjective

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audeo

audere, ausus sum

dare

verb 2

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audio

audire, audivi, auditus

hear, listen to

verb 4

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aufero

auferre, abstuli, ablatus

take away, carry off, stea

verb irregular

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auxilium

auxilii, n

help

noun 2

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bellum

belli, n

war

noun 2

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bene

indeclinable

well

adverb

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bibo

bibere, bibi

drink

verb 3

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bonus

bona, bonum

good

adjective

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brevis

breve

short, brief

adjective

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cado

cadere, cecidi, casus

fall

verb 3

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caelum

caeli, n

sky, heaven

noun 2

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capio

capere, cepi, captus

take, catch, capture, make (a plan)

verb 3

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captivus

captivi, m

captive, prisoner

noun 2

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caput

capitis, n

head

noun 3

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castra

castrorum, n plura

camp

noun 2

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celer

celeris, celere

quick, fast

adjective

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celo

celare, celavi, celatus

hide

verb 1

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cena

cenae, f

dinner, meal

noun 1

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ceteri

ceterae, cetera

the rest, the others

adjective

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cibus

cibi, m

food

noun 2

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circum

+accusative

around

preposition

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civis

civis, m and f

citizen

noun 3

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clamo

clamare, clamavi, clamatus

shout

verb 1

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clamor

clamoris, m

shout, shouting, noise

noun 3

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clarus

clara, clarum

famous, clear

adjective

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coepi

coepisse

began

verb irregular

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cogito

cogitare, cogitavi, cogitatus

think, consider

verb 1

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cognosco

cognoscere, cognovi, cognitus

get to know, find out

verb 3

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cogo

cogere, coegi, coactus

force, compel

verb 3

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comes

comitis, m and f

comrade, companion

noun 3

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conficio

conficere, confeci, confectus

finish, wear out

verb 3

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conor

conari, conatus sum

try

verb 1 deponent

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consilium

consilii, n

plan, idea, advice

noun 2

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conspicio

conspicere, conspexi, conspectus

catch sight of, notice

verb 3

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constituo

constituere, constitui, constitutus

decide

verb 3

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consul

consulis, m

consul

noun 3

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consumo

consumere, consumpsi, consumptus

eat

verb 3

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contra

+accusative

against

preposition

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convenio

convenire, conveni

come together, gather, meet

verb 4

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copiae

copiarum, f plural

forces, troops

noun 1 plural

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corpus

corporis, n

body

noun 3

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cras

indeclinable

tomorrow

adverb

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credo

credere, credidi, creditus + dative

believe, trust

verb 3

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crudelis

crudele

cruel

adjective

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cum

+ablative

with

preposition

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cum

indeclinable

when, since

conjunction

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cupio

cupere, cupivi, cupitus

want, desire

verb 3

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Cur?

indeclinable

Why?

adverb

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cura

curae, f

care, worry

noun 1

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curro

currere, cucurri, cursus

run

verb 3

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custodio

custodire, custodivi, custoditus

guard

verb 4

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custos

custodis, m and f

guard

noun 3

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+ablative

from, down from, about

preposition

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dea

deae, f

goddess

noun 1

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debeo

debere, debui, debitus

owe, ought, should, must

verb 2

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defendo

defendere, defendi, defensus

defend

verb 3

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deinde

indeclinable

then

adverb

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deleo

delere, delevi, deletus

destroy

verb 2

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descendo

descendere, descendi, descensus

go down, come down

verb 3

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deus

dei, m

god

noun 2

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dico

dicere, dixi, dictus

say, speak, tell

verb 3

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dies

diei, m

day

noun 5

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difficilis

difficile

difficult

adjective

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diligens

diligentis

careful

adjective

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dirus

dira, dirum

dreadful

adjective

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discedo

discedere, discessi

depart, leave

verb 3

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diu

indeclinable

for a long time

adverb

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dare, dedi, datus

give

verb 1

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doceo

docere, docui, doctus

teach

verb 2

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domina

dominae, f

mistress

noun 1

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dominus

domini, m

master

noun 2

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domus

domus, f (domi = at home)

home

noun 4

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donum

doni, n

gift, present

noun 2

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dormio

dormire, dormivi

sleep

verb 4

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duco

ducere, duxi, ductus

lead, take

verb 3

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dum

indeclinable

while, until

conjunction

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dux

ducis, m

leader

noun 3

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e, ex

+ablative (also used as prefix with verbs)

from, out of, out

preposition

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ecce!

indeclinable

look!

adverb

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effugio

effugere, effugi

escape

verb 3

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ego

mei

I, me

pronoun

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egredior

egredi, egressus sum

go out

verb 3 deponent

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emo

emere, emi, emptus

buy

verb 3

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enim

indeclinable

for

conjunction

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ire, i(v)i

verb irregular

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epistula

epistulae, f

letter

noun 1

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equus

equi, m

horse

noun 2

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indeclinable

and, even

conjunction

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et … et

indeclinable

both … and

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etiam

indeclinable

also, even

adverb

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exercitus

exercitus, m

army

noun 4

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exspecto

exspectare, exspectavi, exspectatus

wait for, expect

verb 1

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facilis

facile

easy

adjective

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facio

facere, feci, factus

make, do

verb 3

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faveo

favere, favi, fautus + dative

favour, support

verb 2

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felix

felicis

fortunate, happy

adjective

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femina

feminae, f

woman

noun 1

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fero

ferre, tuli, latus

bring, carry, bear

verb irregular

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ferox

ferocis

fierce, ferocious

adjective

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festino

festinare, festinavi

hurry

verb 1

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fidelis

fidele

faithful, loyal

adjective

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filia

filiae, f

daughter

noun 1

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filius

filii, m

son

noun 2

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flumen

fluminis, n

river

noun 3

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forte

indeclinable

by chance

adverb

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fortis

forte

brave

adjective

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forum

fori, n

forum, market place

noun 2

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frater

fratris, m

brother

noun 3

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frustra

indeclinable

in vain

adverb

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fugio

fugere, fugi

run away, flee

verb 3

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gaudeo

gaudere, gavisus sum

be pleased, rejoice

verb 2

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gaudium

gaudii, n

joy, pleasure

noun 2

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gens

gentis, f

family, tribe, race, people

noun 3

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gero

gerere, gessi, gestus

wear (clothes), wage (war)

verb 3

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gladius

gladii, m

sword

noun 2

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gravis

grave

heavy, serious

adjective

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habeo

habere, habui, habitus

have, hold

verb 2

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habito

habitare, habitavi, habitatus

live

verb 1

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heri

indeclinable

yesterday

adverb

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hic

haec, hoc

this, he, she, it

pronoun

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hodie

indeclinable

today

adverb

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homo

hominis, m

man, human being

noun 3

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hora

horae, f

hour

noun 1

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hortor

hortari, hortatus sum

encourage, urge

verb 1 deponent

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hortus

horti, m

garden

noun 2

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hostis

hostis, m

enemy

noun 3

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iaceo

iacere, iacui

lie

verb 2

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iacio

iacere, ieci, iactus (in compounds -icio)

throw

verb 3

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iam

indeclinable

now, already

adverb

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ianua

ianuae, f

door

noun 1

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ibi

indeclinable

there

adverb

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idem

eadem, idem

the same

pronoun

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igitur

indeclinable

therefore, and so

adverb

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ille

ilIa, illud

that, he, she, it

pronoun

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imperator

imperatoris, m

emperor, general, leader

noun 3

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imperium

imperii, n

empire, power, command

noun 2

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impero

imperare, imperavi, imperatus + dative

order, command

verb 1

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+ablative (also used as prefix with verbs)

in, on

preposition

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+accusative (also used as prefix with verbs)

into, onto

preposition

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incendo

incendere, incendi, incensus

burn, set on fire

verb 3

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infelix

infelicis

unlucky, unhappy

adjective

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ingens

ingentis

huge

adjective

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ingredior

ingredi, ingressus sum

enter

verb 3 deponent

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inimicus

inimici, m

enemy

noun 2

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inquit

he/she says, he/she said

verb irregular

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insula

insulae, f

island, block of flats

noun 1

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intellego

intellegere, intellexi, intellectus

understand, realise

verb 3

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inter

+accusative

among, between

preposition

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interea

indeclinable

meanwhile

adverb

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interficio

interficere, interfeci, interfectus

kill

verb 3

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intro

intrare, intravi, intratus

enter

verb 1

invenio

invenire, inveni, inventus

find

verb 4

invito

invitare, invitavi, invitatus

invite

verb 1

ipse

ipsa, ipsum

himself, herself, itself, themselves

pronoun

ira

irae, f

anger

noun 1

iratus

irata, iratum

angry

adjective

ea, id

this, that, he, she, it, them

pronoun

ita

indeclinable

in this way, to such an extent, so

adverb

itaque

indeclinable

and so, therefore

adverb

iter

itineris, n

journey

noun 3

iterum

indeclinable

again

adverb

iubeo

iubere, iussi, iussus

order

verb 2

iuvenis

iuvenis, m

young man

noun 3

labor

laboris, m

work, toil

noun 3

laboro

laborare, laboravi

work, toil

verb 1

lacrimo

lacrimare, lacrimavi

weep, cry

verb 1

laetus

laeta, laetum

happy

adjective

laudo

laudare, laudavi, laudatus

praise

verb 1

legio

legionis, f

legion

noun 3

lego

legere, legi, lectus

read, choose

verb 3

lentus

lenta, lentum

slow

adjective

libenter

indeclinable

willingly, gladly

adverb

liber

libri, m

book

noun 2

liberi

liberorum, m plural

children

noun 2

libero

liberare, liberavi, liberatus

set free

verb 1

libertus

liberti, m

freedman, ex-slave

noun 2

locus

loci, m

place

noun 2

longus

longa, longum

long

adjective

loquor

loqui, locutus sum

speak, talk

verb 3 deponent

lux

lucis, f

light, daylight

noun 3

magnus

magna, magnum

big, large, great

adjective

malo

malle, malui

prefer

verb irregular

malus

mala, malum

evil, bad

adjective

maneo

manere, mansi

remain, stay

verb 2

manus

manus, f

hand, group of people

noun 4

mare

maris, n

sea

noun 3

maritus

mariti, m

husband

noun 2

mater

matris, f

mother

noun 3

maxime

indeclinable

very greatly

adverb

medius

media, medium

middle

adjective

meus

mea, meum

pronoun

miles

militis, m

soldier

noun 3

minime

indeclinable

very little, least, no

adverb

miror

mirari, miratus sum

wonder at, admire

verb 1 deponent

miser

misera, miserum

miserable, wretched, sad

adjective

mitto

mittere, misi, missus

send

verb 3

modus

modi, m

manner, way, kind

noun 2

moneo

monere, monui, monitus

warn, advise

verb 2

mons

montis, m

mountain

noun 3

morior

mori, mortuus sum

die

verb 3 deponent

mors

mortis, f

death

noun 3

moveo

movere, movi, motus

move

verb 2

mox

indeclinable

soon

adverb

multo

indeclinable

much

adverb

multus

multa, multum

much, many

adjective

murus

muri, m

wall

noun 2

nam

indeclinable

for

conjunction

narro

narrare, narravi, narratus

tell, relate

verb 1

nauta

nautae, m

sailor

noun 1

navigo

navigare, navigavi

sail

verb 1

navis

navis, f

ship

noun 3

-ne

indeclinable

(introduces question)

particle

indeclinable + subjunctive

that … not, so that … not, that, lest

conjunction

nec, neque

indeclinable

and not, nor, neither

conjunction

neco

necare, necavi, necatus

kill

verb 1

nemo

nullius

no one, nobody

noun irregular

nescio

nescire, nescivi

not know

verb 4

nihil

indeclinable

nothing

noun irregular

nisi

indeclinable

unless, except

conjunction

nolo

nolle, nolui

not want, refuse

verb irregular

nomen

nominis, n

name

noun 3

non

indeclinable

not

adverb

nonne …?

indeclinable

surely … ?

adverb

nonnulli

nonnullae, nonnulla

some, several

adjective

nos

nostrum

we, us

pronoun

noster

nostra, nostrum

our

pronoun

novus

nova, novum

new

adjective

nox

noctis, f

night

noun 3

nullus

nulla, nullum

not any, no

adjective

num

indeclinable

whether

particle

num … ?

indeclinable

surely … not?

particle

numquam

indeclinable

never

adverb

nunc

indeclinable

now

adverb

nuntio

nuntiare, nuntiavi, nuntiatus

announce, report

verb 1

nuntius

nuntii, m

messenger, message, news

noun 2

occido

occidere, occidi, occisus

kill

verb 3

offero

offerre, obtuli, oblatus

offer

verb irregular

olim

indeclinable

once, some time ago

adverb

omnis

omne

all, every

adjective

opprimo

opprimere, oppressi, oppressus

crush, overwhelm

verb 3

oppugno

oppugnare, oppugnavi, oppugnatus

attack

verb 1

oro

orare, oravi, oratus

beg

verb 1

ostendo

ostendere, ostendi, ostentus

show

verb 3

paene

indeclinable

almost, nearly

adverb

paro

parare, paravi, paratus

prepare, provide

verb 1

pars

partis, f

part

noun 3

parvus

parva, parvum

small

adjective

pater

patris, m

father

noun 3

patior

pati, passus sum

suffer, endure

verb 3 deponent

patria

patriae, f

country, homeland

noun 1

pauci

paucae, pauca

few, a few

adjective plural

pax

pacis, f

peace

noun 3

pecunia

pecuniae, f

money

noun 1

pello

pellere, pepuli, pulsus

drive

verb 3

per

+accusative

through, along

preposition

pereo

perire, perii

die, perish

verb irregular

periculum

periculi, n

danger

noun 2

persuadeo

persuadere, persuasi + dative

persuade

verb 2

perterritus

perterrita, perterritum

terrified

adjective

pes

pedis, m

foot

noun 3

peto

petere, petivi, petitus

make for, seek, beg/ask for

verb 3

poena

poenae, f

punishment

noun 1

poenas do

pay the penalty, be punished

pono

ponere, posui, positus

put, place, set up

verb 3

porta

portae, f

gate

noun 1

porto

portare, portavi, portatus

carry, bear, take

verb 1

possum

posse, potui

can, be able

verb irregular

post

+accusative

after, behind

preposition

postea

indeclinable

afterwards

adverb

postquam

indeclinable

after, when

conjunction

postridie

indeclinable

on the next day

adverb

praemium

praemii, n

prize, reward, profit

noun 2

primo

indeclinable

at first

adverb

primus

prima, primum

first

adjective

princeps

principis, m

chief, emperor

noun 3

pro

+ablative

in front of, for, in return for

preposition

procedo

procedere, processi

advance, proceed

verb 3

proelium

proelii, n

battle

noun 2

proficiscor

proficisci, profectus sum

set out

verb 3 deponent

progredior

progredi, progressus sum

advance

verb 3 deponent

promitto

promittere, promisi, promissus

promise

verb 3

prope

+accusative

near

preposition

propter

+accusative

on account of, because of

preposition

proximus

proxima, proximum

nearest, next to

adjective

puella

puellae, f

girl

noun 1

puer

pueri, m

boy

noun 2

pugno

pugnare, pugnavi

fight

verb 1

pulcher

pulchra, pulchrum

beautiful, handsome

adjective

punio

punire, punivi, punitus

punish

verb 4

puto

putare, putavi, putatus

think

verb 1

quaero

quaerere, quaesivi, quaesitus

search for, look for, ask

verb 3

qualis?

quale

what sort of?

adjective

quam

+superlative adverb

as … as possible

quam

indeclinable

than, how … ? how … !

adverb

quamquam

indeclinable

although

conjunction

quando?

indeclinable

when?

adverb

quantus?

quanta? quantum?

how big? how much?

adjective

-que

indeclinable

and

conjunction

qui

quae, quod

who, which

pronoun

quidam

quaedam, quoddam

one, a certain, some

pronoun

quis?

quid?

who? what?

pronoun

quo?

indeclinable

to where?

adverb

quod

indeclinable

because

conjunction

quomodo?

indeclinable

how?

adverb

quoque

indeclinable

also, too

conjunction

quot?

indeclinable

how many?

adjective

rapio

rapere, rapui, raptus

seize, grab

verb 3

re-

(prefix used with verbs)

-back

prefix

reddo

reddere, reddidi, redditus

give back, restore

verb 3

redeo

redire, redii

go back, come back, return

verb irregular

refero

referre, rettuli, relatus

bring/carry back, report, tell

verb irregular

regina

reginae, f

queen

noun 1

regnum

regni, n

kingdom

noun 2

rego

regere, rexi, rectus

rule

verb 3

regredior

regredi, regressus sum

go back, return

verb 3 deponent

relinquo

relinquere, reliqui, relictus

leave, leave behind

verb 3

res

rei, f

thing, matter, event

noun 5

resisto

resistere, restiti + dative

resist

verb 3

respondeo

respondere, respondi, responsus

verb 2

rex

regis, m

king

noun 3

rideo

ridere, risi

laugh, smile

verb 2

rogo

rogare, rogavi, rogatus

ask, ask for

verb 1

Roma

Romae, f (Romae: at/in Rome)

Rome

noun 1

Romanus

Romana, Romanum

Roman

adjective

sacer

sacra, sacrum

sacred

adjective

saepe

indeclinable

often

adverb

saevus

saeva, saevum

savage, cruel

adjective

saluto

salutare, salutavi, salutatus

greet

verb 1

sanguis

sanguinis, m

blood

noun 3

scelestus

scelesta, scelestum

wicked

adjective

scelus

sceleris, n

crime

noun 3

scio

scire, scivi, scitus

know

verb 4

scribo

scribere, scripsi, scriptus

write

verb 3

sui

himself, herself, itself, themselves

pronoun

sed

indeclinable

but

conjunction

sedeo

sedere, sedi

sit

verb 2

semper

indeclinable

always

adverb

senator

senatoris, m

senator

noun 3

senex

senis, m

old man

noun 3

sentio

sentire, sensi, sensus

feel, notice

verb 4

sequor

sequi, secutus sum

verb 3 deponent

servo

servare, servavi, servatus

save, protect, keep

verb 1

servus

servi, m

slave

noun 2

indeclinable

conjunction

sic

indeclinable

thus, in this way

adverb

silva

silvae, f

wood

noun 1

simul

indeclinable

at the same time

adverb

simulac, simulatque

indeclinable

as soon as

conjunction

sine

+ablative

without

preposition

soleo

solere, solitus sum

be accustomed

verb 2

solus

sola, solum

alone, lonely, only, on one’s own

adjective

specto

spectare, spectavi, spectatus

look at, watch

verb 1

spero

sperare, speravi, speratus

hope, expect

verb 1

spes

spei, f

hope

noun 5

statim

indeclinable

at once, immediately

adverb

sto

stare, steti

stand

verb 1

stultus

stulta, stultum

stupid, foolish

adjective

sub

+accusative/ablative

under, beneath

preposition

subito

indeclinable

suddenly

adverb

sum

esse, fui

verb irregular

summus

summa, summum

highest, greatest, top (of)

adjective

supero

superare, superavi, superatus

overcome, overpower

verb 1

surgo

surgere, surrexi

get up, stand up, rise

verb 3

suus

sua, suum

his, her, its, their (own)

pronoun

taberna

tabernae, f

shop, inn

noun 1

taceo

tacere, tacui, tacitus

be silent, be quiet

verb 2

talis

tale

such, of such a kind

adjective

tam

indeclinable

adverb

tamen

indeclinable

however

adverb

tandem

indeclinable

at last, finally

adverb

tantus

tanta, tantum

so great, such a great

adjective

tempestas

tempestatis, f

storm

noun 3

templum

templi, n

temple

noun 2

tempus

temporis, n

time

noun 3

teneo

tenere, tenui, tentus

hold

verb 2

terra

terrae, f

ground, land, country

noun 1

terreo

terrere, terrui, territus

frighten

verb 2

timeo

timere, timui

fear, be afraid

verb 2

tollo

tollere, sustuli, sublatus

raise, lift up, hold up

verb 3

tot

indeclinable

so many

adjective

totus

tota, totum

whole

adjective

trado

tradere, tradidi, traditus

hand over, hand down

verb 3

traho

trahere, traxi, tractus

drag

verb 3

trans

+accusative (also used as prefix with verbs)

across

preposition

tristis

triste

sad

adjective

tui

you (singular)

pronoun

tum

indeclinable

then

adverb

turba

turbae, f

crowd

noun 1

tuus

tua, tuum

your (singular), yours

pronoun

ubi

indeclinable

where? where, when

adverb

umquam

indeclinable

ever

adverb

unde?

indeclinable

from where?

adverb

urbs

urbis, f

city

noun 3

indeclinable + subjunctive

that, so that, in order that

conjunction

indeclinable + indicative

as, when

conjunction

uxor

uxoris, f

wife

noun 3

validus

valida, validum

strong

adjective

vehementer

indeclinable

violently, loudly

adverb

vendo

vendere, vendidi, venditus

sell

verb 3

venio

venire, veni

come

verb 4

verbum

verbi, n

word

noun 2

verto

vertere, verti, versus

turn

verb 3

vester

vestra, vestrum

your (plural), yours

pronoun

via

viae, f

street, road, way

noun 1

victoria

victoriae, f

victory

noun 1

video

videre, vidi, visus

see

verb 2

videor

videri, visus sum

seem, appear

verb 2 deponent

villa

villae, f

house, country villa

noun 1

vinco

vincere, vici, victus

conquer, win, be victorious

verb 3

vinum

vini, n

wine

noun 2

vir

viri, m

man

noun 2

virtus

virtutis, f

courage, virtue

noun 3

vita

vitae, f

life

noun 1

vivo

vivere, vixi

live, be alive

verb 3

voco

vocare, vocavi, vocatus

call

verb 1

volo

velle, volui

want, wish, be willing

verb irregular

vos

vestrum

you (plural)

pronoun

vox

vocis, f

voice, shout

noun 3

vulnero

vulnerare, vulneravi, vulneratus

wound, injure

verb 1

vulnus

vulneris, n

wound

noun 3