Vocab

Question 1

Raphides

Answer 1

Needle-shaped crystals of calcium oxalate found in cells of various plants. They often accumulate in specialized cells called idioblasts and can serve as a defense mechanism against herbivores.

Question 2

Equitant

Answer 2

Fan shaped leaf arrangement

Question 3

Phenotypic plasticity

Answer 3

The ability to express different phenotypes in response to different environmental conditions

Question 4

Apical dominance

Answer 4

Development of a single main stem because the terminal/apical bud suppresses the growth of lateral buds

Question 5

Pollinium

Answer 5

A coherent mass of pollen grains. Transferred as a unit.

Question 6

Elaiosome

Answer 6

A fleshy appendage containing lipids or oils that is attached to some seeds. It attracts ants to help in seed dispersal

Question 7

Myrmecochory

Answer 7

Seed dispersal by ants

Question 8

Aril

Answer 8

An additional covering on a seed, it is often fleshy or brightly coloured

Question 9

Spathe/Spadix

Answer 9

Large bract that envelops or partially encloses a spadix

Question 10

Scape

Answer 10

A long leafless flower stalk

Question 11

Awn

Answer 11

Hairy or bristley part on the seeds or glumes of grasses

Question 12

Auricle

Answer 12

The ear-shaped thing at the base of a leaf blade or top of the a sheath in grasses

Question 13

Glume

Answer 13

1 pair of bracts at the base of a grass spikelet

Question 14

Lemma

Answer 14

The lower of the two bracts enclosing the grass floret

Question 15

Palea

Answer 15

The upper of the two bracts enclosing the grass floret

Question 16

Spikelet

Answer 16

The basic unit of a grass inflorescence with one or more florets

Question 17

Tubercle

Answer 17

A swollen node

Question 18

Culm

Answer 18

Stem or stalk of a grass or sedge

Question 19

Lingule

Answer 19

The thin, membranous structure at the junction of a leaf blade and the sheath in grasses

Question 20

Perigynium

Answer 20

A sac-like structure that surrounds the ovule in some sedges

Question 21

Circinate vernation

Answer 21

The unrolling of a fern fronds

Question 22

Frond

Answer 22

The leaf of a fern: blade and petiole

Question 23

Sorus

Answer 23

A cluster of sporangia

Question 24

Sporangium

Answer 24

Contains and produces spores in ferns

Question 25

Indusium

Answer 25

A membrane enclosing and protecting the sori of a fern

Question 26

Stipe

Answer 26

The stalk or stem of a fern frond

Question 27

Rachis

Answer 27

The main axis or central shaft of a compound fern

Question 28

Pinna

Answer 28

First division of a compound frond

Question 29

Pinnule

Answer 29

The smaller secondary division of a compound frond on a pinna

Question 30

Fiddlehead

Answer 30

The coiled tip of a baby fern

Question 31

Dissection

Answer 31

the divisions and descriptions of fern frond segmentation

Question 32

Rhizome

Answer 32

Horizontal, underground stem that produces new leaves, shoots, and roots