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BIOLOGY 30 > vocab > Flashcards

vocab Flashcards

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1
Q

Nasal epethilium

A

Serves as a physical barrier

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2
Q

anosmia

A

loss of smell

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3
Q

Lateral geniculate nucleus

A

replays visual and auditory info to the brain

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4
Q

zonules

A

connective tissue between ciliary muscles and the lens

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5
Q

melanin granules

A

cytoplasmic structure that carries melanin

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6
Q

connecting stock

A

contains the optic nerve

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7
Q

tapetum

A

the reflective layer in the eye between the retina and chorid

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8
Q

macula

A

highest concentration of photoreceptors

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9
Q

meninges

A

protective layer over spinal chord + brain

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10
Q

dorsal

A

top

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11
Q

ventral

A

bottom

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12
Q

ogliodendrocyte

A

myelinated cells of the CNS

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13
Q

what is vassopressin also known as?

A

antidiuretic hormone

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14
Q

acromegaly

A

too much growth hormone production; causes stalky figure and large/wide features

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15
Q

aldosterone

A

increases fluid retention

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16
Q

cushings disease

A

over production of adrenocorticotropic hormone

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17
Q

addison’s disease

A

low cortisol levels;

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18
Q

islet

A

location of insulin secretion

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19
Q

beta cells

A

secrete insulin

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20
Q

alpha cells

A

secrete glucagon

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21
Q

benedicts solution

A

used to detect low blood sugar

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22
Q

Infundibulum

A

connects the hypothalamus to the posterior pituitary

23
Q

gestation

A

period between conception and birth

24
Q

Episiotomy

A

cutting between the vaginal canal and anus while giving birth

25
Q

Parthenogenesis

A

reproduction without fertilization

26
Q

bacterial conguation

A

transfering DNA from one organism to another of the same species

27
Q

barr body

A

the inactive X chromosome

28
Q

wild type

A

a genotype that is typically found in nature

29
Q

chargaffs rule

A

c and t exist in equal proportions, as well as c and g

30
Q

Semi conservative

A

new DNA is made up of part of the old material, but also new material

31
Q

point mutation

A

one nucleotide changes

32
Q

substitution mutation

A

one nucleotide is switched

33
Q

insertion mutation

A

nucleodide(s) are inserted randomly, shifting + changing the following codons

34
Q

deletion mutation

A

deletion of nucleotide(s)

35
Q

silent mutation

A

a nucleotide changes but does not affect the outcome of the amino acid created

36
Q

missense mutation

A

when a substitution creates a new amino acid

37
Q

frameshift mutation

A

insertion or deletion causes a shift on pattern, changing the proceeding codons

38
Q

endosymbiont

A

an organism that lives within another organism (cells in cells)

39
Q

polymorphism

A

the variations of geno/phenotypes within a population

40
Q

genetic drift

A

change in allele frequencies in a population due to a chance event

41
Q

founder effect

A

when a small group from a population leave and create a new small community in which a smaller gene pool exisits

42
Q

bottleneck effect

A

gene pool change that results from a rapid decrease in population; usually due to natural disaster

43
Q

biotic potential

A

the highest possible growth per capita rate for a population

44
Q

growth per capita rate

A

rate of change per individual, helps compare populations of different sizes and habitats

45
Q

aposematism

A

warning predators with dangerous colouration as defense

46
Q

density dependent

A

biotic factors

47
Q

density independent

A

abiotic factors

48
Q

restriction enzyme

A

cut DNA strands at specific complementary pairs - resulting in different sized strands used in gel electrophoresis

49
Q

DNA fingerprinting

A
50
Q

Gel electrophoresis

A

a way to perform DNA finger printing to determine relatedness of species or find a match to known DNA.

51
Q

recombinant DNA

A

a molecule of DNA that contains genetic material from different sources

52
Q

target sequence

A

a short sequence of nucleotides that is specifically targeted by a restriction endonuclease enzyme

53
Q

restriction endonuclease

A

a restriction enzyme that can target a specific sequence of nucleotides.

BIOLOGY 30 (2 decks)

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