Vocab Flashcards
Empiricism
The theory that knowledge derives from sensory experience
Law of Effect
Behaviors followed by pleasant consequences are likely to be repeated. Behaviors followed by unpleasant consequences are not likely to be repeated.
Classical Conditioning
Learning process in which a neutral becomes a conditioned stimulus through repeated pairing with an unconditioned stimulus
Stimulus
Any environmental event that elicits a behavioral response
Unconditioned Stimulus
A stimulus that elicits a reflexive response
Conditioned Stimulus
A previously neutral stimulus that takes on the eliciting properties of an unconditioned stimulus
Neutral stimulus
A stimulus that does not elicit the response of interest
Reflex
An automatic response to an unconditioned stimulus that occurs in all members of a species. Also called an unconditioned response.
Generalization
Conditioned responding that happens with novel, neutral stimuli that was never paired with other conditioned or unconditioned stimulus
Operant
The basic unit of behavior
Operant conditioning
Responding is conditioned through manipulation of consequences, according to the law of effect
Three term contingency
Behavior is explained by analyzing it, according to the antecedent stimuli, and the consequences that follow
Reinforcer
Stimulus change that follows a behavioral response and increases the likelihood that response will occur again
Punisher
Stimulus change that follows a behavioral response and decreases the likelihood of response recurring
Radical Behaviorism
School of behaviorism that views behavior as a natural event, resulting exclusively from interactions with the environment
ABC recording
A method of descriptive data collection, in which the antecedents and consequences surrounding a behavior of interest are recorded
Motivating operation
An event or condition that alters the value of consequence in the probability of behaviors that have been previously associated with such consequences, MOs may be categorized as establishing or abolishing
Single subject design
Research method in which treatment effectiveness is shown by demonstrating change from one condition to the next in an individual or small group
Token economy
A system of behavior change in which desired behaviors are reinforce with tokens, which can be accumulated and exchanged for other reinforces
Positive behavior support
An approach to supporting people who have challenging behavior that utilizes applied behavior analysis align with the values of normalization and person centered care
Functional analysis
Direct form of functional behavior assessment in which antecedents and consequences are systematically tested to determine the controlling variables of a specific target behavior
Functional communication training
A differential reinforcement technique that teaches the person to engage in communicative responses as a replacement for a problem behavior
Delay/denial tolerance
A component of functional communication training that teaches the learner to first except delays in receiving requested item/activities, then to accept denials without displaying problem behavior
