Vocab Flashcards
Militarism
Glorification of the Military
Propaganda
information, especially of a biased or misleading nature, used to promote or publicize a particular political cause or point of view.
Reparations
The act or process of making amends for a wrong.
Gavrilo Princip
Gavrilo Princip was a Bosnian Serb student who assassinated Archduke Franz Ferdinand, heir to the Austro-Hungarian throne, and his wife Sophie, Duchess von Hohenberg, in Sarajevo on 28 June 1914.
Afred Nobel
. He is known for having bequeathed his fortune to establish the Nobel Prize, though he also made several important contributions to science, holding 355 patents in his lifetime.
George Clemenceau
Georges Benjamin Clemenceau was a French statesman who served as Prime Minister of France from 1906 to 1909 and again from 1917 until 1920.
Edith Cavell
Edith Louisa Cavell was a British nurse. She is celebrated for saving the lives of soldiers from both sides without discrimination and for helping some 200 Allied soldiers escape from German-occupied Belgium during the First World War, for which she was arrested under martial law.
Woodrow Wilson
Woodrow Wilson was an American politician and academic who served as the 28th president of the United States from 1913 to 1921.
Kasier William II
Wilhelm II or William II was the last German emperor and king of Prussia from 15 June 1888 until his abdication on 9 November 1918
Bertha von Suttner
Bertha Sophie Felicitas Freifrau von Suttner was an Austrian-Bohemian pacifist and novelist. In 1905, she became the second female Nobel laureate, the first woman to be awarded the Nobel Peace Prize, and the first Austrian laureate.
Lenin
Vladimir Ilyich Ulyanov, better known as Vladimir Lenin, was a Russian lawyer, revolutionary, politician, and political theorist. He served as the first and founding head of government of Soviet Russia from 1917 to 1924 and of the Soviet Union from 1922 to 1924.
Nicholas II
Nicholas II or Nikolai II Alexandrovich Romanov, known in the Russian Orthodox Church as
King of Congress Poland and Grand Duke of Finland, ruling from 1 November 1894 until his abdication on 15 March 1917.
Gregory Raputin
a “Holy man” who had great influence over the Czarina Alexandra
Joseph Stalin (5 Year Plan)
In 1928 Stalin introduced an economic policy based on a cycle of Five-Year Plans. The First Five-Year Plan called for the collectivization of agriculture and the expansion of heavy industry, like fuel extraction, energy generation, and steel production.
Hirohito
Emperor Shōwa, commonly known in Western countries by his personal name Hirohito, was the 124th emperor of Japan, ruling from 25 December 1926 until his death in 1989. Hirohito and his wife, Nagako, had two sons and five daughters; he was succeeded by his fifth child and eldest son, Akihito.
Gandhi (Great Salt March)
The Salt March, which took place from March to April 1930 in India, was an act of civil disobedience led by Mohandas Gandhi to protest British rule in India. During the march, thousands of Indians followed Gandhi from his religious retreat near Ahmedabad to the Arabian Sea coast, a distance of some 240 miles. The nonviolent march and other, similar marches resulted in the arrest of nearly 60,000 people, including Gandhi himself. India finally was granted its independence from Great Britain in 1947.
Blitzkrieg
an intense military campaign intended to bring about a swift victory. (LIGHTING WAR)
Cold War
The Cold War was a period of geopolitical tension between the United States and the Soviet Union and their respective allies, the Western Bloc and the Eastern Bloc.
Kamikaze
Japanese suicide pilots
Genocide
the deliberate killing of a large number of people from a particular nation or ethnic group with the aim of destroying that nation or group.
Containment
Limiting communism to areas already under Soviet control
Pacifism
the belief that any violence, including war, is unjustifiable under any circumstances, and that all disputes should be settled by peaceful means.
Appeasement
is a diplomatic policy of making political, material, or territorial concessions to an aggressive power to avoid conflict.
Winston Churchill
Prime Minister who rallied Britain to fight against Nazi aggression
Harry Truman
A leader of the Democratic Party, he previously served as the 34th vice president from January to April 1945 under Franklin Roosevelt and as a United States senator from Missouri from 1935 to January 1945.
Francisco Franco
Francisco Franco Bahamonde was a Spanish military general who led the Nationalist forces in overthrowing the Second Spanish Republic during the Spanish Civil War and thereafter ruled over Spain from 1939 to 1975 as a dictator, assuming the title Caudillo.
Dwight Eisenhower
Supreme Allied commander in Europe
Triple Alliance
Triple Alliance, secret agreement between Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy formed in May 1882 and renewed periodically until World War I.
Modern Weapons
Sidearms.
Assault Rifles.
Heavy Weapons.
Shotguns.
Submachine Guns.
Snipers.
U.S Role in WWI
helping turn the tide in favor of Britain and France, leading to an Allied victory over Germany and Austria in November 1918.
Causes of WWI
The immediate cause of World War I that made the aforementioned items come into play (alliances, imperialism, militarism, nationalism) was the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria-Hungary. In June 1914, a Serbian-nationalist terrorist group called the Black Hand sent groups to assassinate the Archduke.
Causes of WWII
The major causes of World War II were numerous. They include the impact of the Treaty of Versailles following WWI, the worldwide economic depression, failure of appeasement, the rise of militarism in Germany and Japan, and the failure of the League of Nations.
Trench Warfare
a type of combat in which opposing troops fight from trenches facing each other.
Bolshevik Revolution Result
A Russian Civil War
Lenin’s New Economic Policy
rebuild the soviet economy
Pearl Harbor
The attack on Pearl Harbor was a surprise military strike by the Imperial Japanese Navy Air Service upon the United States against the U.S. naval base at Pearl Harbor in Honolulu, Hawaii, just before 8:00 a.m. on Sunday, December 7, 1941.
D-Day
The Normandy landings were the landing operations and associated airborne operations on Tuesday, 6 June 1944 of the Allied invasion of Normandy in Operation Overlord during World War II. Codenamed Operation Neptune and often referred to as D-Day, it was the largest seaborne invasion in history.
Midway Island
On the morning of June 4, 1942, aircraft from Japanese carriers attacked and damaged the US base on Midway. The US Marine Corps force stationed on Midway endured devastating losses, but the facilities only suffered minor damage.
Battle of Midway
The Battle of Midway was a major naval battle in the Pacific Theater of World War II that took place from 4–7 June 1942, six months after Japan’s attack on Pearl Harbor and one month after the Battle of the Coral Sea.
Nation that suffered the greatest number of military and civilian deaths WWII
The Soviet Union lost around 27 million people during the war, including 8.7 million military and 19 million civilians. This represents the most military deaths of any nation by a large margin.
Nations in Global South/Global North
Many countries in the Global South are characterized by low-income, dense population, poor infrastructure, often political or cultural marginalization, and are on one side of the divide; while on the other side is the Global North (comprising the United States, United Kingdom, Canada, Europe, Russia, Turkey, Israel,
Global Interdependence
Global interdependence refers to worldwide mutual dependence between countries. In other words, mutual dependence at a worldwide level. One nation depends on another for something. That country also depends on another for either the same thing or something else.
Why was WWI considered a Global conflict even though most of the fighting took place in Europe
Britain and its Empire’s entry into the war made this a truly global conflict fought on a geographical scale never seen before. Fighting occurred not only on the Western Front, but in eastern and southeast Europe, Africa and the Middle East.
Two reasons why the U.S. used the atomic bomb on Japan
Avoid a U.S. invasion of Japan and saving hundreds of thousands of American live
2 ways that technology affected the fighting in WWII
Radar helped the Allies know what was coming at them. Bombsights employing complicated gyroscope technology allowed planes to pinpoint bomb attacks. Before WWII, pilots simply dropped bombs by hand and hoped for the best.
What played the greatest role in spreading American Culture
Television
Schindlers List
Oskar Schindler, a German Catholic factory owner whose heroic efforts rescued over 1,100 Jews from certain death.
Blood Diamond
blood diamond, also called conflict diamond, as defined by the United Nations (UN), any diamond that is mined in areas controlled by forces opposed to the legitimate, internationally recognized government of a country and that is sold to fund military action against that government
What years are the 20th Ceuntry (From what year to what year)
While the period 1900-1999 is of course a century, as is any period of 100 years, it is incorrect to label it the 20th century, which began January 1, 1901, and will end on December 31, 2000.
