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Cna > Vocab > Flashcards

Vocab Flashcards

1
Q

Abuse

A

hurting someone on purpose or threatening their safety. can affect their mental or physical health. Can include verbal, elder, financial, rape, sexual assault and technology.

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2
Q

advance directives

A

a legal document that makes a persons wishes known regarding life support issues. the document is used in the event the person is unable to speak for themselves.

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3
Q

aphasia

A

a brain injury that impairs the expression and understanding of language. the injury also affects reading and writing.

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4
Q

bill of rights

A

a state federal law that protects the rights of residents in a long term care facility

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5
Q

chain of command

A

a list of who reports and answers to whom

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6
Q

confidentiality

A

not sharing spoken and written words about a resident

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7
Q

durable power of attorney

A

a person appointed by the client to make decisions should the client be unable to do so due to illness or incapacitation

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8
Q

ethics

A

a standard of behavior for what is right or worng

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9
Q

etiquette

A

rules of polite, courteous, kind, and respectful actions

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10
Q

exploitation

A

taking advantage of a resident for personal gain

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11
Q

facility

A

provides rehabilitative, restoratives, and/or ongoing skilled nursing care. care is provided for residents in need of help with ADLs

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12
Q

involuntary seculsion

A

isolating a resident to their room or to a specific area in a nursing home. the isolation is against the resident or legal representatives consent

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13
Q

job description

A

duties and responsibilities involved in a work position

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14
Q

living will

A

a type of directive. a written, legal document that lists what medical treatments you would or would not want to be used to keep yourself alive. includes other decisions such as pain management or organ donation.

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15
Q

neglect

A

when the resident is ignored and doesn’t get proper care from the facility, its employees or service providers. the lack of proper care causes physical harm, pain, mutual anguish, or emotional distress

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16
Q

NA

A

the person who provides care for residents. this person is under supervision of a licensed nurse.

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17
Q

NA/R

A

nursing assistant on the registry

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18
Q

ombudsman

A

the person who handles complaints between residents and the nursing home.

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19
Q

patient

A

a person that is receiving care from healthcare workers. the care is for physical and/or emotional illness.

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20
Q

person-centered care

A

supportive centered on the resident. the resident make their own choices over they daily lives.

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21
Q

resident

A

often elderly, living in a long-term care facility

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22
Q

resident representative

A

a person chosen by the resident to act on their behalf. the person supports the residents in decision-making. the person accesses medical, social, or other personal information, receives notifications, and managing finances.

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23
Q

team work

A

working and helping each other to reach a shared goal

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24
Q

basis human needs

A

requirements everyone needs for life. all people have the same basic needs. basic needs include food, water, shelter, protection from environmental and love.

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25
Q

cognitive

A

the ability to think, reason, make decisions, and have memory

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26
Q

coping mechanisms

A

things we do to help us handle stressful situations.

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27
Q

culture

A

pattern of living for a group of people includes the groups value and beliefs.

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28
Q

developmental tasks

A

social, emotional, and psychological behaviors that are part of the life experience. tasks change at different stages of life.

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29
Q

dignity

A

maintain and improve the resident’s self-esteem and self-worth.

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30
Q

diversity

A

differences among people that include race, culture, gender, ages and abilities.

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31
Q

ethnicity

A

social group that has common national or cultural traditions, language, and/or heritage.

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32
Q

growth

A

physical changes that occurs in the body such as increase in size and strengthen.

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33
Q

intervension

A

actions taken to improve a situation.

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34
Q

Maslow’s hierarchy of human needs

A

a system of five basic needs. these basic needs are considered to be necessary for all people.

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35
Q

mental health

A

a person’s adjustments to life. the adjustments allow feelings of self-worth and comfort with life situations.

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36
Q

race

A

group of people with shared physical characteristics can include skin color, facial features, blood type or hair texture.

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37
Q

self-actualization

A

reach you highest potential, and being satisfied with yourself

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38
Q

self-esteem

A

the need for a sense of identity and to feel important and useful.

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39
Q

sterotyoing

A

placing a group of people into a category assuming they are all the same.

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40
Q

body language

A

use of postures, facial expressions, gestures, and movement to send a message.

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41
Q

care plan

A

a written outline that identifies a resident’s unique needs. includes how health workers will assist the resident in meeting those needs.

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42
Q

chart

A

the resident’s medical record. a legal document that tells the resident’s history. progress and care plan.

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43
Q

checklist

A

a written form used by the NA to check ongoing resident observations such as appetite or vital signs.

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44
Q

communication

A

the exchange of thoughts, feelings, and information by verbal or non-verbal messages. the exchange can be written, spoken, sign language, or electronic methods.

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45
Q

continuity of care

A

care of a resident that continues without interruption. all caregivers use the same methods and approaches.

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46
Q

cyanosis

A

blue or gray color to the lips due to not enough oxygen in the blood.

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47
Q

extremities

A

arms or legs

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48
Q

incident

A

and unexpected event that may cause harm to residents, employees, or any other person.

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49
Q

non-verbal communication

A

messages sent by means other than sopped/written words. includes facial expressions, gestures, and body movements.

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50
Q

objective

A

observations measured by the NA seeing, hearing, feeling, smelling, and sometimes tasting.

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51
Q

receiver

A

the person who receives the message

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52
Q

report

A

communication of the resident activity between team members. it occurs routinely at the change of shift.

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53
Q

sender

A

the person who sends the message

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54
Q

sign

A

a measurement or observation such as pulse, temperature, or amount eaten. observes through sight, hearing, touch, and smell.

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55
Q

subjective

A

feelings measured by the person must share with others to be recognized.

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56
Q

symptom

A

statement made by the resident that you cannot see, hear, or touch.

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57
Q

Alcohol based handrub

A

Refers to an alcohol containing solution designed to be rubbed into the hands to reduce germs.

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58
Q

Assistive device

A

Any item that is used by or in care of a resident to promote their safety

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59
Q

Body mechanics

A

Correct use and positions of the NA’s body and muscles. Correct positions make the best use of strength to lift or move objects.

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60
Q

Body alignment

A

Position of the body so it can function properly.

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61
Q

Chain of infection

A

Process of events that cause infectious disease in people.

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62
Q

Contaminated

A

Dirty or soiled, having disease causing germs.

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63
Q

Disinfected

A

A cleaner or chemical used to kill most germs. The solution usually contains chlorine.

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64
Q

Gait belt

A

name given to a transfer belt when it is used to assist a resident when walking.

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65
Q

Germ

A

Common word for pathogens microorganisms that cause disease.

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66
Q

Hand hygiene

A

Washing hands with soap and water when applying an antiseptic hand sanitizer or alcohol based hand rub.

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67
Q

HIV

A

human immunodeficiency deficiency virus that causes AIDs.

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68
Q

Host

A

Plant, animal, or human that harbors and organism.

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69
Q

Infection

A

Invasion of the body by a a pathogen that causes disease. Produces clinical signs of fever, redness, heat or exudate.

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70
Q

Infection control

A

Practices which help to prevent the development and spread of disease.

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71
Q

Intact

A

Unbroken, undamaged.

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72
Q

Isolation

A

Keeping someone with a contagious disease in a special room so they do not have contact with other people.

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73
Q

Medical asepsis

A

Techniques used to control and reduce spread of pathogens.

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74
Q

Microorganisms

A

Tiny living bodies that cannot be seen with the naked eye. Can only be seen with a microscope. Includes bacteria, germs, pathogens, and viruses.

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75
Q

Pathogen

A

Kind of microorganisms that causes disease or infection. Also known as a germ.

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76
Q

Physical restraint

A

Anything near or on the body to prevent movement.

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77
Q

PPE

A

Special clothing or equipment worn for protection of employees and residents against diseases.

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78
Q

Respiratory mask

A

Mask that is fitted to the healthcare worker and protects against airborne diseases.

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79
Q

Safety

A

Practices that prevent injury or harm.

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80
Q

Sputum

A

Mucus coughed up from the lungs.

81
Q

Standard precautions

A

Steps used to protect residents and staff from contact with body fluids.

82
Q

Sterilization

A

Removing all microorganisms on a surface.

83
Q

Transmission

A

To pass or spread germs from one person to another.

84
Q

Transfer belt

A

Safety belt used to help move or walk a resident.

85
Q

Blood pressure

A

One of the vital signs that checks the force of the blood against the walls of the arteries.

86
Q

BPM

A

Beats per minute.

87
Q

Bradychardia

A

Pulse rate under 60 bpm.

88
Q

Cannula

A

Plastic prongs placed in the nose to deliver oxygen.

89
Q

Diastolic pressure

A

Number of which the last sound is heard when taking a bp. Bottom number of BP.

90
Q

Dyspnea

A

Difficulty breathing.

91
Q

Expiration

A

Breathing out air.

92
Q

Fever

A

Higher then normal temperature indicating infections or illness.

93
Q

Hypertension

A

High BP, 130/80 or higher

94
Q

Hypotension

A

Low BP, lower than 90/60.

95
Q

Hypoxia

A

Lack of oxygen in the body tissues.

96
Q

inspiration

A

Breathing in air.

97
Q

Pulse

A

Measures the number of time the heart beats per minute.

98
Q

Pulse spots

A

Areas on the body where the pulse can be counted or measured.

99
Q

Respirations

A

The process of breathing in and out. Normal is 12 to 20 respirations per minute.

100
Q

Route

A

Method.

101
Q

Systolic pressure

A

Number at which the first heart beat is heard when taking a blood pressure. The top number of the BP.

102
Q

Trachycardia

A

Pulse rate over 100 bpm

103
Q

Temperature

A

Measurement of body heat.

104
Q

TPR

A

Temperature, pulse, and respirations.

105
Q

VS

A

The measurement of functions of the vital organs of the body. Includes temperature, pulse, respiration, and blood pressure. the 5th vital sign is pain.

106
Q

ADLs

A

Thee include bathing and hygiene dressing, grooming, eating and moving.

107
Q

Colostomy

A

A surgical procedure all to create an opening in the abdominal wall to carry feces out. Opening is into the large intestine. The stool will be formed or semi-formed.

108
Q

Dependent

A

Relying on others, needing help from others.

109
Q

Friction

A

Rubbing against a surface.

110
Q

Gastostomy

A

A surgical procedure for inserting a tube into the abdomen wall and into the stomach. The tube is used for feeding or drainage.

111
Q

Hygiene

A

Personal cleanliness.

112
Q

Ileostomy

A

A surgical procedure to create an opening into the abdomen wall to carry feces out. Opening from the small intestine. The still will be liquid.

113
Q

Lesion

A

An opening or sore on the skin.

114
Q

Ostomy

A

Surgical creation of a stoma(artificial opening on the body).

115
Q

Perineal care

A

Cleaning of the genital, groin, and rectal areas.

116
Q

Paralysis

A

Loss of function, usually an extremity.

117
Q

Podiatrist

A

Foot doctor

118
Q

Pressure ulcers

A

An open place in the skin that comes from lying in one position for too long.

119
Q

Shearing

A

Force of the skin over the bone when the bone moves but the skin stays at the point of contact.

120
Q

Stoma

A

An artificial opening between a body cavity and the body surface.

121
Q

Tracheostomy

A

Opening into the windpipe in the neck.

122
Q

Ureterostomy

A

A surgical procedure where the urine is brought through the tune opening in the abdomen wall.

123
Q

Abduction

A

movement away from the body.

124
Q

Active range of motion

A

AROM, range of motion exercises that the resident does by themselves to improve their ROM.

125
Q

Adaptive equipment

A

Special equipment or devices used by the resident. Allows resident to be more independent in managing their own ADLs.

126
Q

Adduction

A

Movement towards the body.

127
Q

Ambulate

A

To walk or help walk a resident.

128
Q

Atrophy

A

When a muscle decreases in size and strength. The muscle begins to waste away and become weak.

129
Q

Body Alignment

A

The correct position of the body for good posture. Provides fro best functioning of all body systems.

130
Q

Contractures

A

When a muscle shortens and is unable to flex. The muscle freezes in position. Can occur when patient is immobile.

131
Q

Exercise

A

Physical activity designed to strengthen the body or parts of the body.

132
Q

Extensions

A

To strengthen.

133
Q

External rotation

A

To rotate the joint away or outward.

134
Q

Flexion

A

To bend.

135
Q

Hemiplegia

A

When half of the body is paralyzed.

136
Q

Fowler’s position

A

When a resident is sitting in bed with the head of the bed at 60 to 90 degrees. Also known as high fowlers position.

137
Q

Internal rotation

A

To rotate the joint inward.

138
Q

Mobility

A

Refers to all types of movements including walking, movement in a bed ad transferring from a bed to a chair.

139
Q

Paralysis

A

Loss of ability to move a part or all parts of the body.

140
Q

Parapeligia

A

Loss of the ability to move lower parts of the body and both legs.

141
Q

Passive range of motion

A

PROM, exercising the residents joints because they are unable.

142
Q

Pivot

A

To turn your whole body, not twisting.

143
Q

Quadripeligia

A

Paralysis of all four of the extremities and the trunk.

144
Q

Range of motion

A

Exercises that move the muscles and joints as far as they can without pain or discomfort.

145
Q

Rehabilitation

A

A resident who lost functional abilities due to injury or illness. Is assisted to their highest level of ability.

146
Q

Restorative care

A

Helping a resident to maintain their highest physical and mental ability.

147
Q

Semi-fowlers position

A

Sitting in the bed with the HOB elevated between 30 to 45 degrees. Also referred to as low fowlers position.

148
Q

Side lying position

A

When a resident is lying on their side in the bed. Also referred to as lateral position.

149
Q

Supine position

A

When a resident is lying on their back.

150
Q

Tubing

A

Material in the shape of a tube that carries liquid or gases into or out of the body.

151
Q

Aspiration

A

Inhaling liquid into the lungs

152
Q

CVA

A

Cerebral Vascular Accident(stoke), occurs when there is interference with the normal normal blood circulation to the brain. it can be caused by a blood clot or a blood vessel that has ruptured.

153
Q

Dehydration

A

Lack of/or insufficient water/fluid in the body

154
Q

Diet

A

Foods and fluids regularly consumed by a person as a part of normal living

155
Q

Dietitian

A

This person who has a degree in nutrition. this person plans and manages therapeutic diets

156
Q

Dysphagia

A

Difficulty swallowing

157
Q

Essential nutrients

A

Compounds that are vital fro disease prevention, growth, and good health. Must be provided by the diet. Found in proteins, carbohydrates, fats, vitamins, minerals and water

158
Q

My plate

A

Illustrates the five food groups using a visual of mealtime place setting. My plate is designed to remind Americans to eat healthfully

159
Q

Intake

A

All liquids/fluids consumed

160
Q

NPO

A

with hold foods/fluids. nothing by mouth

161
Q

Nutrition

A

process by which the body takes in food and uses it for growth, repair, and maintenance of health

162
Q

Output

A

liquids that lead the body

163
Q

Puree

A

foods that are blended to a smooth consistency

164
Q

Therapeutic/special diet

A

diet ordered by a physician to help in the treatment of diesease

165
Q

Constipation

A

when a person has difficulty having a bm

166
Q

defecate

A

elimination of stool, also called bowel movement

167
Q

diarrhea

A

frequent loose and liquid stolls

168
Q

drainage

A

fluids that are freely flowing from a wound or body cavity. examples include blood and other body secrations

169
Q

elimination

A

removal of waste products from the body

170
Q

emesis

A

vomitting

171
Q

fecal impaction

A

hard, dry stool that is stuck in the intestine or rectum

172
Q

feces

A

stools

173
Q

flatus

A

intestinal gas

174
Q

graduate

A

a container into which liquids can be poured . it has measurement numbers on the side

175
Q

incontinence

A

unable to control urine/stool

176
Q

perspirations

A

seat, a body waste product. the body’s means of removing heat

177
Q

urine

A

liquid waste excreted by the kidneys

178
Q

void

A

to urinate. to pass urine

179
Q

agitation

A

a chance in physical activity. the resident may wander, pace, or be sleepless.

180
Q

autism

A

a serious condition related to brain development. the condition impairs the ability to communicate and interact with others

181
Q

cerebral palsy

A

a brain abnormality which may be from birth. maybe due to lack of oxygen before, during, or after birth. movements are difficult to control, some mental disabilities

182
Q

cognition

A

the ability to think, reason, make decisions and remember

183
Q

cognitive inpairment

A

changes in an individuals ability to make decisions and remember. thinking tasks become more difficult

184
Q

confusion

A

difficulty following directions. difficulty in separating differences between things

185
Q

delusions

A

false belief. for example, a resident believes she is the queen of England

186
Q

dementia

A

progressive decline in mental function. disrupts a persons normal life activities. affects memory and the ability to think, reason, and make decisions

187
Q

developmentally disabled

A

person mentally or physically impaired, often from birth

188
Q

depression

A

when a person is very sad. has a loss of interest in things. has feelings of hoplessness

189
Q

disorientation

A

confusion about person, place, and time. confusion of time may be time of day, day of the week, date, month or year

190
Q

fear

A

afraid

191
Q

hallucinations

A

seeing or hearing something that is not there

192
Q

hospice care

A

supportive care for people in the final phase of a terminal illness. focuses on comfort and quality of life, rather than cure

193
Q

mental illness

A

a chemical imbalance in the brain. interfere with ones ability to live and work

194
Q

mentally challenged

A

a condition of incomplete development or injury to the brain. the person is not able to learn or develop skills on the same rate as others. it can range from mild to severe

195
Q

ptsd

A

a disorder in some people who have experienced a shocking, scary or dangerous event

196
Q

reality orientation

A

helping residents to be aware of time, place, and person

197
Q

tress or stressors

A

situations that cause anxiety or concern for ones well being. causes the body to feel nervous, anxious, fearful, or confused

198
Q

trauma informed care

A

care that treats a whole person who has been through trauma. care providers look at how s person copes when trying to understand behaviors

199
Q

validation therapy

A

the care giver accepts the value and beliefs of the resident with dementia

Cna (1 decks)

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