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Med Term: Chapter 10 > Vocab > Flashcards

Vocab Flashcards

1
Q

Articulation / Joint

A

Place of union between 2 or more bones

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2
Q

Hematopoiesis

A

Production + Development of blood cells, normally in bone marrow

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3
Q

Ligaments

A

Connective tissue that surrounds the joint capsule to bind bones to other bones

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4
Q

Tendons

A

Connective tissues that bind muscle to bone on either side of a joint

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5
Q

Skeletal Muscles

A

Attached to bones and provide movement

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6
Q

Fibers

A

Provide movement of an organ or body part

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7
Q

Voluntary Muscles

A

Contract and relax in response to conscious thought
ex. eyes, tongue, bones

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8
Q

Striated Muscles

A

Striped appearance on microscope examination
- Voluntary muscles

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9
Q

Smooth Muscles

A

Responsible for assisting internal processes
ex. digestion, circulation, urination

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10
Q

Visceral Muscles

A

Functions under the control of the autonomic nervous system
- Smooth Muscles

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11
Q

Cardiac Muscles

A
  • Found only in the heart wall, where it forms the myocardium
  • Produces rhythmic involuntary contractions like smooth muscles
  • Like Striated muscle
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12
Q

Adduction

A

Moves closer to midline of body

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13
Q

Abduction

A

Moves away from midline of body

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14
Q

Flexion

A

Decrease angle of a joint

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15
Q

Extension

A

Increase angle of a joint

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16
Q

Rotation

A

Move a bone around its own axis

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17
Q

Pronation

A

Turn palm down

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18
Q

Supination

A

Turn palm up

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19
Q

Inversion

A

Move sole of foot inwards

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20
Q

Eversion

A

Move sole of foot outwards

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21
Q

Dorsiflexion

A

Moves foot toward sky/upwards

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22
Q

Plantar Flexion

A

Lowers foot or points toes down

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23
Q

Bunion

A

Deformity in which the bog toe is angled toward other toes

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24
Q

Carpal Tunnel Syndrome

A

Painful condition resulting from compression of the median nerve within the carpal tunnel

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25
Claudication
Lameness, Limping
26
Contracture
Fibrosis of connective tissue in the skin, fascia, muscle, or joint capsule that prevents normal mobility of the related tissue or joint
27
Crepitation
Dry, grating sound or sensation caused by bone ends rubbing together. Indicating a fracture or joint destruction.
28
Ganglion Cyst
Fluid filled tumor that commonly develops along the tendons or joint of the wrists or hands but may also appear on feet
29
Gout
Joint inflammation caused by uric acid crystal deposits in the joint space
30
Herniated Disk
Rupture of a vertebral disk's center through its outer edge. Causing pain, numbness, or weakness in one or both legs.
31
Hypotonia
Loss of muscle tone or a diminished resistance to passive stretching
32
Myasthenia Gravis
Chronic, progressive disorder characterized by muscle weakness and droopiness. Epesically in eyes, face, throat, and limbs
33
Osteomyelitis
Inflammation of the bone, bone marrow, soft tissue that surrounds the bones
34
Osteoporosis
Loss of calcium and bone tissue. Causing bones to become porous, brittle, and easily fractured. Most commonly seen in postmenopausal women.
35
Paget Disease
Chronic inflammation of bones. Resulting in thickening and softening of bones, that can occur in any bone but most commonly affects long bones of the legs, lower spine, pelvis, and skull
36
Phantom Limb
Perceived sensation of a limb following amputation of said limb
37
Rickets
Form of osteomalacia in children caused by vitamin D deficiency
38
Scoliosis
Abnormal lateral curvature of the spine, either to the right or left. C-shaped curvature
39
Kyphosis
Abnormal curvature of the upper portion of the spine, humpback or hunchback
40
Lordosis
Abnormal inward curvature of a portion of the lower part of the spine, swayback
41
Spondylolisthesis
Any slipping of a vertebra from its normal position in relationship to the one beneath it
42
Spondylosis
Degeneration of the cervical, thoracic, and lumbar vertebrae and related tissues
43
Sprain + Strain
Overstretching or tearing of ligaments (sprain) or muscle or tendon (strain)
44
Subluxation
Partial or incomplete dislocation of one or more vertebrae
45
Talipes Equinovarus
Congenital deformity of one or both feet in which the foot is pulled downward and laterally to the side, clubfoot
46
Arthography
Series of radio graphs taken after injection of contrast material into a joint cavity, especially the knee or shoulder, to outline the contour of the joint
47
Bone Density Test
Noninvasive procedure that uses low energy x-ray absorption to measure bone mineral density and usually measures bones of the spine, hip, and forearm
48
Discography
Radiological examination of the intervertebral disk structures with injection of contrast medium
49
Lumboscaral Spinal Radiography
Radiography of the 5 lumbar vertebrae and the fused sacral vertebrae including anteroposterior, lateral, and oblique views of the lower spine
50
Myelography
Radiography of the spinal cord after injection of a contrast medium to identify and study spinal distortions caused by tumors, cysts, herniated intervertebral disks, and other lesions
51
Bone Scintigraphy
Nuclear medicine procedure that involves a IV injection of a radionuclide taken up into the bone
52
Amputation
Partial or complete removal of a limb due to trauma, disease, or circulatory disorder
53
Arthrocentesis
Puncture of a joint space using a needle to remove accumulated fluid or inject medications
54
Arthroclasia
Surgical breaking of a ankylosed joint to provide movement
55
Arthroscopy
Visual examination of the interior of a joint and its structure using a thin flexible fiberoptic scope called a arthroscope
56
Bone Grafting
Implantation or transplantation of bone tissue from another part of the body or from another person to serve as a replacement for damaged or missing bone tissue
57
Bursectomy
Excision of a bursa (padlike sac or cavity found in connective tissue, usually in vicinity of joints)
58
Laminectomy
Excision of the posterior arch of a vertebra
59
Sequestrectomy
Excision of the sequestrum (segment of necrosed bone)
60
Total Hip Replacement
Surgical procedure to replace a hip joint damaged by a degenerative disease, commonly arthritis
61
Casting
Bone immobilization by application of a solid, stiff dressing formed with plaster of paris or similar material
62
Splinting
Bone immobilization by application of an orthopedic device to the injured body part
63
Traction
Set of mechanisms for straightening broken bones or relieving pressure on the spine and skeletal system

Med Term: Chapter 10 (3 decks)

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