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Med Term: Chapter 10 > Vocab > Flashcards

Vocab Flashcards

1
Q

Articulation / Joint

A

Place of union between 2 or more bones

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2
Q

Hematopoiesis

A

Production + Development of blood cells, normally in bone marrow

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3
Q

Ligaments

A

Connective tissue that surrounds the joint capsule to bind bones to other bones

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4
Q

Tendons

A

Connective tissues that bind muscle to bone on either side of a joint

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5
Q

Skeletal Muscles

A

Attached to bones and provide movement

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6
Q

Fibers

A

Provide movement of an organ or body part

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7
Q

Voluntary Muscles

A

Contract and relax in response to conscious thought
ex. eyes, tongue, bones

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8
Q

Striated Muscles

A

Striped appearance on microscope examination
- Voluntary muscles

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9
Q

Smooth Muscles

A

Responsible for assisting internal processes
ex. digestion, circulation, urination

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10
Q

Visceral Muscles

A

Functions under the control of the autonomic nervous system
- Smooth Muscles

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11
Q

Cardiac Muscles

A
  • Found only in the heart wall, where it forms the myocardium
  • Produces rhythmic involuntary contractions like smooth muscles
  • Like Striated muscle
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12
Q

Adduction

A

Moves closer to midline of body

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13
Q

Abduction

A

Moves away from midline of body

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14
Q

Flexion

A

Decrease angle of a joint

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15
Q

Extension

A

Increase angle of a joint

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16
Q

Rotation

A

Move a bone around its own axis

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17
Q

Pronation

A

Turn palm down

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18
Q

Supination

A

Turn palm up

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19
Q

Inversion

A

Move sole of foot inwards

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20
Q

Eversion

A

Move sole of foot outwards

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21
Q

Dorsiflexion

A

Moves foot toward sky/upwards

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22
Q

Plantar Flexion

A

Lowers foot or points toes down

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23
Q

Bunion

A

Deformity in which the bog toe is angled toward other toes

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24
Q

Carpal Tunnel Syndrome

A

Painful condition resulting from compression of the median nerve within the carpal tunnel

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25
Q

Claudication

A

Lameness, Limping

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26
Q

Contracture

A

Fibrosis of connective tissue in the skin, fascia, muscle, or joint capsule that prevents normal mobility of the related tissue or joint

27
Q

Crepitation

A

Dry, grating sound or sensation caused by bone ends rubbing together. Indicating a fracture or joint destruction.

28
Q

Ganglion Cyst

A

Fluid filled tumor that commonly develops along the tendons or joint of the wrists or hands but may also appear on feet

29
Q

Gout

A

Joint inflammation caused by uric acid crystal deposits in the joint space

30
Q

Herniated Disk

A

Rupture of a vertebral disk’s center through its outer edge. Causing pain, numbness, or weakness in one or both legs.

31
Q

Hypotonia

A

Loss of muscle tone or a diminished resistance to passive stretching

32
Q

Myasthenia Gravis

A

Chronic, progressive disorder characterized by muscle weakness and droopiness. Epesically in eyes, face, throat, and limbs

33
Q

Osteomyelitis

A

Inflammation of the bone, bone marrow, soft tissue that surrounds the bones

34
Q

Osteoporosis

A

Loss of calcium and bone tissue. Causing bones to become porous, brittle, and easily fractured. Most commonly seen in postmenopausal women.

35
Q

Paget Disease

A

Chronic inflammation of bones. Resulting in thickening and softening of bones, that can occur in any bone but most commonly affects long bones of the legs, lower spine, pelvis, and skull

36
Q

Phantom Limb

A

Perceived sensation of a limb following amputation of said limb

37
Q

Rickets

A

Form of osteomalacia in children caused by vitamin D deficiency

38
Q

Scoliosis

A

Abnormal lateral curvature of the spine, either to the right or left. C-shaped curvature

39
Q

Kyphosis

A

Abnormal curvature of the upper portion of the spine, humpback or hunchback

40
Q

Lordosis

A

Abnormal inward curvature of a portion of the lower part of the spine, swayback

41
Q

Spondylolisthesis

A

Any slipping of a vertebra from its normal position in relationship to the one beneath it

42
Q

Spondylosis

A

Degeneration of the cervical, thoracic, and lumbar vertebrae and related tissues

43
Q

Sprain + Strain

A

Overstretching or tearing of ligaments (sprain) or muscle or tendon (strain)

44
Q

Subluxation

A

Partial or incomplete dislocation of one or more vertebrae

45
Q

Talipes Equinovarus

A

Congenital deformity of one or both feet in which the foot is pulled downward and laterally to the side, clubfoot

46
Q

Arthography

A

Series of radio graphs taken after injection of contrast material into a joint cavity, especially the knee or shoulder, to outline the contour of the joint

47
Q

Bone Density Test

A

Noninvasive procedure that uses low energy x-ray absorption to measure bone mineral density and usually measures bones of the spine, hip, and forearm

48
Q

Discography

A

Radiological examination of the intervertebral disk structures with injection of contrast medium

49
Q

Lumboscaral Spinal Radiography

A

Radiography of the 5 lumbar vertebrae and the fused sacral vertebrae including anteroposterior, lateral, and oblique views of the lower spine

50
Q

Myelography

A

Radiography of the spinal cord after injection of a contrast medium to identify and study spinal distortions caused by tumors, cysts, herniated intervertebral disks, and other lesions

51
Q

Bone Scintigraphy

A

Nuclear medicine procedure that involves a IV injection of a radionuclide taken up into the bone

52
Q

Amputation

A

Partial or complete removal of a limb due to trauma, disease, or circulatory disorder

53
Q

Arthrocentesis

A

Puncture of a joint space using a needle to remove accumulated fluid or inject medications

54
Q

Arthroclasia

A

Surgical breaking of a ankylosed joint to provide movement

55
Q

Arthroscopy

A

Visual examination of the interior of a joint and its structure using a thin flexible fiberoptic scope called a arthroscope

56
Q

Bone Grafting

A

Implantation or transplantation of bone tissue from another part of the body or from another person to serve as a replacement for damaged or missing bone tissue

57
Q

Bursectomy

A

Excision of a bursa (padlike sac or cavity found in connective tissue, usually in vicinity of joints)

58
Q

Laminectomy

A

Excision of the posterior arch of a vertebra

59
Q

Sequestrectomy

A

Excision of the sequestrum (segment of necrosed bone)

60
Q

Total Hip Replacement

A

Surgical procedure to replace a hip joint damaged by a degenerative disease, commonly arthritis

61
Q

Casting

A

Bone immobilization by application of a solid, stiff dressing formed with plaster of paris or similar material

62
Q

Splinting

A

Bone immobilization by application of an orthopedic device to the injured body part

63
Q

Traction

A

Set of mechanisms for straightening broken bones or relieving pressure on the spine and skeletal system

Med Term: Chapter 10 (3 decks)

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