Vocab

Question 1

chromatin

Answer 1

structural component of the nucleus, composed of nucleic acids and proteins

Question 2

chromosome

Answer 2

threadlike structures within the nucleus composed of DNA that carries heredity information encoded in genes

Question 3

deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)

Answer 3

molecule that holds genetic information capable of replicating and producing an exact copy whenever the cell divides

Question 4

metabolism

Answer 4

sum of all physical and chemical changes that take place in a cell or an organism

Question 5

organelle

Answer 5

cellular structure that provides a specialized function (ex. nucleus, ribosomes, golgi apparatus, and lysosomes)

Question 6

abduction

Answer 6

movement away from median plane of body

Question 7

adduction

Answer 7

movement toward median plane of body

Question 8

medial

Answer 8

pertaining to mid line of body or structure

Question 9

lateral

Answer 9

pertaining to a side

Question 10

superior

Answer 10

toward the head or upper portion of a structure

Question 11

inferior

Answer 11

away from the head or lower portion of a structure

Question 12

proximal

Answer 12

center of body or to point of attachment to body

Question 13

distal

Answer 13

further from center or from point of attachment of body

Question 14

anterior

Answer 14

front of body

Question 15

posterior

Answer 15

back of body

Question 16

perietal

Answer 16

pertaining to outer wall of body cavitiy

Question 17

visceral

Answer 17

pertaining to viscera or internal organs (mostly abdominal organs)

Question 18

prone

Answer 18

lying on abdomen, face down

Question 19

supine

Answer 19

lying on back, face up

Question 20

inversion

Answer 20

turning inward or inside out

Question 21

eversion

Answer 21

turning outward

Question 22

palmar

Answer 22

pertaining to palm of hand

Question 23

plantar

Answer 23

pertaining to sole of foot

Question 24

superficial

Answer 24

toward the surface of body (external)

Question 25

deep

Answer 25

away from the surface of body (internal)

Question 26

adhesion

Answer 26

abnormal fibrous band that holds or binds together tissues that are normally seperated

Question 27

edema

Answer 27

abnormal accumulation of fluid within tissue spaces from a systemic disease or failure of the lymphatic system to drain fluid

Question 28

febrile

Answer 28

having or showing symptoms of a fever

Question 29

gangrene

Answer 29

death or decay of soft tissues, usually caused by a circulatory obstruction or infection

Question 30

hernia

Answer 30

protrusion of any organ through the structure that normally contains it

Question 31

inflammation

Answer 31

body’s defense against injury, infection, or allergy marked by redness, swelling, heat, and pain, sometimes loss of function

Question 32

mycosis

Answer 32

any fungal infection in the body

Question 33

perforation

Answer 33

hole that completely penetrates a structure

Question 34

peritonitis

Answer 34

inflammation of the peritoneum, the serous membrane that surrounds the abdominal cavity and covers the organs, usually caused by bacteria or fungi

Question 35

rupture

Answer 35

sudden breaking or bursting of a structure or organ

Question 36

septicemia

Answer 36

severe bacterial infection of the tissues that spreads to the blood, also called sepsis or blood poisoning

Question 37

suppuration

Answer 37

process of forming pus

Question 38

auscultation

Answer 38

listening to heart, lungs, and bowel with or without a stethoscope to assess presence and quality of sounds

Question 39

inspection

Answer 39

general observation of the patient as a whole, progressing to specific body areas