Vocab Flashcards
Tissues
a group of similar cells specialized to perform a specific function; primary tissue types are epithelial, connective, muscle, and nervous tissue.
Epithelial Tissue/Epithelium
one of the primary tissues; covers the surface of the body and lines the body cavities, ducts, and vessels
Apical Surface
top of the cells, or the side that faces the environmental space
Basement Membrane
a thin layer of extracellular material to which epithelial cells are attached in mucosa surfaces
Avascular
without blood vessels
Simple Epithelium
single layer of cells with every cell in direct contact with the basement membrane that separates it from the underlying connective tissue
Stratified Epithelium
consists of two or more cell layers
Gland
an organ specialized to secrete of excrete substances for further use in the body and more elimination
Secretion
the passage of material formed by a cell to its exterior
Endocrine Gland
ductless glands that empty their hormonal products directly into the blood
Exocrine Gland
glands that have ducts through which their secretions are carried to a body surface
Connective Tissue
a primary tissue; form and function vary extensively. Functions include support, storage, and protection
Extracellular Matrix
nonliving material in connective tissue consisting of ground substance and fibers that separate the living cells
Bone
living tissue that makes up the body’s skeleton.
Cartilage
white, semi opaque connective tissue
Hyaline cartilage
cartilage connective tissue containing collagen fibers; has glassy appearance; found on ends of long bones and forms C shaped rings in trachea
Fibrocartilage
repair tissue formed during bone remodeling
Elastic Cartilage
one of three types of cartilage found in the human body; also recognized by its ability to snap back into an original form
Tendons
cord of dense fibrous tissue attaching a muscle to a bone
Ligaments
a cord of fibrous tissue that connects bones
Edema
an abnormal accumulation of fluid in body parts or tissues; causes swelling
Stroma
cells and tissues that support the key functional elements of an organ
Blood
liquid connective tissue composed of plasma and cells responsible for transporting substances such as nutrients and oxygen around the body
Muscle Tissue
one of four main tissue types; specialized to contract in order to produce a force that will cause movement
Intercalated discs
specialized connections for communication between cardiac muscle cells containing gap junctions and desmosomes
Nervous Tissue
one of four main tissue types; specialized for irritability and conductivity
Neurons
cells of the nervous system specialized to transmit messages throughout the body
Neuroglia
the nonneuronal tissue of the central nervous system that performs supportive and other functions
Regeneration
regrowth of a damaged or missing organ part from the remaining tissue.
Fibrosis
pathological wound healing in which connective tissue replaces normal parenchymal tissue
Granulation Tissue
reddish connective tissue that forms on the surface of a wound when the wound is healing
Neoplasm
a functionless lump of cells that are growing out of control. aka a tumor
Hyperplasia
An increase in the number of cells in a tissue or organ causing an increase in the size of the part.
Atrophy
wasting away or progressive decline
