VOCAB Flashcards
1
Q
ABA
A
The science that focuses on improving human behavior by identifying the laws of behavior.
2
Q
7 Dimensions of ABA
A
Conceptually Systematic, Technological, Behavioral, Applied, Effective, Analytic, Generality
3
Q
Rapport
A
Essentially building a positive relationship with the learner
4
Q
Pairing
A
Process by which a neutral stimulus becomes conditioned as a reinforcer
5
Q
HIPAA
A
Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996
6
Q
PHI
A
Protected Health Information
7
Q
Informed Consent
A
Agreement by a person to a proposed course of treatment.
- Capacity
- Knowledge
- Voluntary
8
Q
Client Rights
A
Right to most effective treatment
9
Q
Mandated Reporter
A
A person who, because of their profession, is legally required to report any suspicion of child abuse or neglect to the appropriate authority.
10
Q
BCBA
A
Board Certified Behavioral Analyst
11
Q
BCBA-D
A
Board Certified Behavioral Analyst – PhD certification
12
Q
BCaBA
A
Board Certified Assistant Behavioral Analyst
13
Q
RBT
A
Registered Behavior Technician
14
Q
Client Dignity
A
The right of a person to be valued and respected for their own sake and to be treated ethically.
15
Q
Repeatability
A
How a behavior can be counted or how it can occur through time.
16
Q
Temporal Extent
A
Refers to how much time a behavior takes up or how long a behavior lasts.
17
Q
Temporal Locus
A
Refers to the point in time that a behavior occurs
18
Q
Direct Measurement
A
Observing the behavior and record the behavior’s data as it occurs
19
Q
Indirect Measurement
A
Behavior is not directly observed and not recorded as it happened
20
Q
Continuous Measurement
A
Measures every instance of a behavior during a session
21
Q
Frequency
A
The number of times a behavior occurs in a given period.
22
Q
Duration
A
How long a behavior lasts
23
Q
Rate
A
Number of occurrences in a set specific amount of time.
24
Q
Response Latency
A
Amount of time between presentation of a demand and the initiation of the response
25
Inter-response Time
The amount of time between 2 consecutive responses
26
Discontinuous Measurement
Derivative measures that include 2 forms of data
27
Trial to Criterion
Number of responses needed to reach a pre determined criteria of performance.
Used to compare the effectiveness of the intervention
28
Percent Correct
A ratio expressing the total number of correct responses.
29
Event Recording
Procedure for detecting and recording the number of times a behavior is observed
30
Time Sampling
Procedure for observing and recording behaviors during intervals or at a specific moment in time
31
Partial Interval Recording
Measuring whether a behavior occurred at any point during the interval
32
Whole Interval Recording
Measuring whether the behavior occurred for the entire interval
33
Momentary Time Sampling
Measuring whether the behavior occurred at the very end of an interval
34
Permanent-Products/Outcome Measures
Measuring a behavior after it has occurred by measuring the behavior's effect on the environment
35
Cumulative Record
Graph of a running total of responses
36
Accurate
The extent to which the observed value matches the true state
37
Valid
Refers to whether the system measures what it purports to measure
38
Reliable
Refers to the extent in which the system results in consistent outcomes across repeated measures and observers
39
Behavior
Behavior is anything that can be seen or heard. Must be measurable and observable.
40
Operational Definition
The definition of a behavior. Must be objective, clear, and complete.
41
Environment
A learner's general surroundings
42
Dead Man's Test
"If a dead man can do it, it is not a behavior."
43
Inter-Observer Agreement
The degree to which 2 or more independent observers report the same data after observing the same events and/or behavior
44
Preference Assessment
Includes observations or tests to determine a preference hierarchy
45
Indirect Preference Assessment
Involves asking caregivers or a learner what the learner may like
46
Functional Assessment
Provided a hypothesis as to why a behavior is occurring
47
Free Operant Preference Assessment
Observing the environment measuring what a learner interacts with and for how long they interact with the object
48
Single Stimulus Preference Assessment
Measures whether a learner takes an item and how long they play with the item
49
Paired Stimulus Preference Assessment
Also called a forced choice because it requires the learner to select one item from 2 options
50
Multiple Stimulus With Replacement (MSW)
Preference assessment where an array of items are displayed, learner chooses an item from 2 options, and the choice item is returned to the array for the next choice
51
Multiple Stimulus Without Replacement (MSWO)
Preference assessment where an array of items are displayed, learner chooses an item from 2 options, and the choice item is removed from the array for the next choice
52
Skill Acquisition Plan
The description of the target skill being taught, materials needed for teaching, strategies to be used, the consequences for correct or incorrect responding, mastery criteria, reinforcement strategies, and a plan for generalization and maintenance
53
Components of a Skill Acquisition Plan
- Rationale
- Target Bx
- Instruction
- Data Collection
- Environment/Setting
- Prompting
- Reinforcement
- Mastery Criteria
54
Reinforcement
A consequence that follows a behavior to increase the likelihood of that behavior occurring again in the future
55
Conditioned Reinforcement
Reinforcers that have a previous learned history of establishing the item as a reinforcer
- Money
- Jewelry
- Cell phone
- Computer
- Video games
56
Unconditioned Reinforcement
```
AKA: Primary Reinforcement
Stimulus that is a reinforcer without any prior learning history/requires no specific training
- Food
- Sleep
- Water
- Warmth
- Shelter
```
57
Dimensions of Reinforcement (DISC)
Deprivation, immediacy, satiation, contingency
58
Continuous Schedule of Reinforcement
Used when a target behavior is to be increases
59
Intermittent Schedule of Reinforcement
Used when a target behavior is to be decreased
60
Fixed Interval
61
Variable Interval
62
Fixed Ratio
63
Variable Ratio
64
Discrete Trial Training
65
Cue/Instruction
66
Prompt
67
Response
68
Consequence
69
Intertrial Interval
70
Echoic
71
Mand
72
Tact
73
Intraverbal
74
Stimulus Generalization
75
Response Generalization
76
Naturalistic Teaching Procedures
77
Natural Environment Training
77
Natural Environment Training
78
Incidental Teaching
79
Pivotal Response Training
80
Milieu Teaching
80
Milieu Teaching
81
Mand-Model Teaching
82
Task Analysis
83
Forward Chaining
84
Backward Chaining
85
Total Task Chaining
86
Shaping
87
Token
87
Token Economy
88
Motivating Operation
89
Antecedent
90
Behavior
91
Consequence
92
Stimulus Control
93
Discriminative Stimulus (SD)
94
Stimulus Delta (S-delta)
95
Discrimination Training
96
Transfer of Stimulus Control
97
Prompt
98
Stimulus Prompt
99
Response Prompt
100
Within Stimulus Prompt
101
Extra Stimulus Prompts
102
Prompt Fading
103
Most-to-least Prompting
104
Least-to-most Prompting
105
Physical Prompt
106
Verbal Prompt
107
Gestural Prompt
108
Modeling
109
Time Delay
109
Generalization
110
Maintenance
111
Stimulus Generalization
112
Response Generalization
113
Over Generalization
114
Antecedent
115
Consequence
116
Function
117
Escape/Avoidance
118
Access to Attention
119
Access to Tangibles
120
Sensory/Automatic
121
Function Assessment
122
Functional Analysis
123
ABC Data Recording
124
Direct Observation
125
Behavior Reduction Plan
126
Target Behavior
The specific behavior selected for change
126
Target Behavior
127
NCR
Non Contingent Reinforcement
128
FCT
Functional Communication Training
129
Behavior Momentum
Refers to the tendency for behavior to persist following a change in environmental conditions. The greater the rate of reinforcement, the greater the behavioral momentum,
130
Enriched Environment
To fill an environment with a variety of new and favorite challenging things to engage with, either with out bodies or our minds
131
Providing Choices
Gives the learner a sense of autonomy while still maintaining that behavioral control (i.e., forced choice)
132
Schedule Modification
133
Extinction
The discontinuing of reinforcement of previously reinforced behavior (i.e., responses no longer produce reinforcement)
134
Replacement Behavior
Used to substitute behaviors that limit learning and inclusion with behaviors that help promote success in the learning environment or real world across daily-living tasks.
135
Extinction Burst
A predictable, temporary increase in the rate and intensity of a behavior when an extinction procedure is first used
136
Extinction-Induced Variability
New topographies of a behavior may temporarily occur during the extinction phase to attempt access to reinforcement to get the same type of reinforcement that is on extinction
137
Spontaneous Recovery
A behavior reappears after it has decreased or stopped entirely during extinction procedure.
138
Differential Reinforcement
Differential reinforcement requires both reinforcement and extinction. DR involved 2 responses and typically 1 increases and 1 decreases
139
DRA
Differential Reinforcement of Alternative Behavior
Reinforces occurrences of a bx. that provides a desirable alternative to the problem bx. but is not necessarily incompatible with it.
REPLACEMENT BEHAVIORS
140
DRO
Differential Reinforcement of Other Behaviors
Reinforcement is delivered when the bx. has not occurred during specific times.
Reinforcement is provided for not engaging in the target bx.
Results decrease in target bx and theoretically result in an increase of all other behavior
141
DRI
Differential Reinforcement of Incompatible Behavior
Reinforces a bx. that cannot occur simultaneously with the PBx and withholds reinforcement following instances of PBx.
One behavior would have to be incompatible with the target bx.
142
DRH
Differential Reinforcement of Higher Rates of Behavior
Reinforcer is delivered at the end of a specific interval if a target bx. has occurred at a criterion rate (higher than the target bx. rate)
143
DRL
Differential Reinforcement of Lower Rates of Behavior
Used to reduce the occurrence of the behavior, but not get rid of it completely.
Reinforcer is delivered at the end of a specific interval if a target bx. has occurred at a criterion rate (lower than the target bx. rate)
144
Multiple Relationships
145
Rapport Building
146
Types of M.O.s
E.O., A.O., C.M.O., U.M.O.
147
M.O.
Motivation Operation -- An environmental variable that alters the reinforcing or punishing effectiveness of some stimulus, object, or event; and alters the current frequency of all behaviors that has been reinforced or punished by that stimulus, object, or event.
Changing how valuable a reinforcer is
148
A.O.
Abolishing Operations. A motivating operation that decreases the effectiveness of a stimulus, object, or event.
For example, the reinforcing effectiveness of food is abolished as a result of food ingestion.
149
E.O.
Establishing Operation. A motivation operation that increases the effectiveness of some stimulus, object, or event as a reinforcer.
For example, food deprivation establishes food as an effective reinforcer.
150
C.M.O.
Conditioned Motivation Operation.
The M.Os that one learns to place on an item.
For example; jewelry, cell phone, video games, perfume
151
U.M.O
Unconditioned Motivating Operations.
Events, operations, and stimulus conditions with value altering motivating effects that are unlearned.
For example; food, shelter, warmth, sleep
152
Premack Principle
Engaging in more probable behaviors or activities can reinforce engaging in less probable behaviors or activities (i.e., "First...then")
153
Premack Principle
Engaging in more probable behaviors or activities can reinforce engaging in less probable behaviors or activities (i.e., "First...then")
