Vocab 1: A-E Flashcards
1
Q
Abrade (v)
A
to irritate by rubbing; to wear down in spirit.
Abrasion (noun)
2
Q
Abrogate (v)
A
to nullify; to abolish
Abrogation (n)
3
Q
Abscond (v)
A
To make secret departure, to elope
4
Q
Accretion (n)
A
A gradual buildup or enlargement;
5
Q
Activism (n)
A
A belief or practice based on direct action
6
Q
Adjunct (n)
A
Something added to another thing, but not a part of it; an associate or assistant.
7
Q
Adulterate (v)
A
To corrupt, to make impure.
8
Q
Adversary (n)
A
An enemy or opponent
9
Q
Advocate (n)
A
One who pleads on another’s behalf.
10
Q
Advocate (v)
A
To speak, plead or argue in favor of.
11
Q
Affability (n)
A
The quality of being easy to talk to and gracious
Affable (adj)
12
Q
Affected (adj)
A
False, artificial.
(v) Affect
(n) Affectation
13
Q
Affiliation (n)
A
Connection, association.
14
Q
Affinity (n)
A
A feeling of shared attraction, kinship; a similarity.
15
Q
Abjure (v)
A
To renounce or reject; to officially disclaim
15
Q
Afford (v)
A
To be able to meet the expense of; to give, offer, or provide
17
Q
Aggrandize (v)
A
To make bigger or greater, to inflate.
(n) Aggrandizement
18
Q
Aggression (n)
A
Forceful action or procedure.
Aggressive (adj)
19
Q
Agitation (n)
A
A disturbance; a disturbing feeling of upheaval or excitement
Agitated (adj)
Agitate (v)
20
Q
Alignment (n)
A
The proper positioning of parts in relation to each other.
21
Q
Allocate (v)
A
To apportion for a specific purpose; to distribute.
Allocation (n)
22
Q
Allude (v)
A
To make indirect reference to.
23
Q
Amalgamate (v)
A
To mix thoroughly.
Amalgamation (n)
24
Q
Ameliorate (v)
A
To make better or more tolerable.
Amelioration (n)
25
Amortize (v)
To pay off or reduce a debt gradually through periodic payments.
26
Amplify(v)
To enlarge, expand or increase.
27
Anachronistic (adj)
Out of the proper time.
Anachronism (n)
Eg. The reference in Shakespeare's Julius Ceasar to "the clock striking twelve" is anachronistic, since there were no striking timepieces in ancient Rome.
28
Analogous (adj)
Having a likeness or similarity
29
Analytical (adj)
Separating something into its component parts.
30
Anarchy (n)
Absence of law or order.
31
Animosity (n)
Hostility, resentment
32
Anomaly (n)
Something different or irregular
33
Antagonism(n)
Hostility, conflict, opposition
34
Antipathy (n)
A long-held feeling of dislike or aversion
35
Apprehension (n)
A feeling of fear or foreboding; an arrest
36
Abeyance (n)
A temporary lapse in activity; suspension
37
Appropriate (v)
Take possession of
38
Arbitrary (adj)
Based on random or merely personal preference.
39
Archaic (adj)
Old fashioned, obselete.
40
Argumentation (n)
Forming reasons, drawing conclusions.
41
Arid (adj)
Very dry; Boring and meaningless.
Aridity (n)
42
Articulate (adj)
To express oneself clearly and effectively.
43
Asperity (n)
Harshness, severity.
44
Assail (v)
To attack with blows or words.
Assailant (n)
45
Assay (v)
To analyse for particular components; To determine weight, quantity etc.
46
Assertion (n)
A positive statement or declaration.
Assert (v)
47
Assessment (n)
An appraisal.
Assess (v)
48
Assimilate (v)
To absorb into a system or culture.
Assimilated (adj)
49
Assuage (v)
To ease, to pacify
50
Attainment (n)
The act of achieving a goal, or the goal itself.
51
Audacious (adj)
Bold, daring, adventurous.
Audacity (n)
52
Authoritarian (adj)
Favoring or demanding blind obedience to leaders.
Authoritarianism (n)
53
Authoritative (adj)
Official, conclusive.
Authority (n)
Authorize (v)
54
Autonomy (n)
The quality of being self governing.
55
Aver (v)
To claim to be true; to avouch.
56
Avow (v)
To declare boldly.
Avowal (n)
Avowed (adj)
57
Belligerent (adj)
Quarrelsome, combative.
58
Belligerent (n)
An opposing army, a party waging war.
59
Benevolent (adj)
Wishing or doing good.
Benevolence (n)
60
Bogus (adj)
Phony, a sham
61
bourgeois (adj)
conventional
62
Bombastic (adj)
Inflated or pompous in style.
Bombast (n)
63
Brazenly (adverb)
Acting with disrespectful boldness.
Brazen (adj)
64
Broach (v)
To bring up an issue for discussion; to propose.
65
Burgeon (v)
To bloom, literally or figuratively.
66
Burnish (v)
To shine by polishing, literally or figuratively.
67
Buttress (n)
Something that supports or strengthens.
Buttress (v)
68
Cacophony (n)
discordant sounds; dissonance.
cacophonous (adj)
69
Caprice (n)
The tendency to change one's mind suddenly and without apparent or adequate motive; whimsicality;
capriciousness (n)
70
Calibrate (v)
To determine or mark graduations (of a measuring instrument); to adjust or finely tune.
Calibration (n)
71
Caste (n)
A division of society based on differences in wealth, rank or occupation.
72
Castigate (v)
to chastise, to punish severely.
castigation (n)
73
catalytic (adj)
Bringing about, causing, or producing some result.
catalyze (v)
74
causal (adj)
Indicating a reason for an action or condition.
75
caustic (adj)
burning, corrosive.
76
Cessation (n)
A temporary or final stopping.
Cease (v)
77
Chaos (n)
Disorder, confusion, chance.
Chaotic (adj)
78
Chary (adj)
slow to accept, cautious.
79
Chronology (n)
An arrangement of events by order of occurrence, a list of dates; the science of time.
Chronological (adj)
80
Circumspect (adj)
prudent, cautious.
circumspection (n)
81
cleave (v)
THIS IS A TRICKY ONE!
can mean either 'stick closely together' or 'split apart'
(pay attention to context.)
(eg. i. The more abusive his father became, the more the boy cleaved to his mother and refused to let her out of his sight.
ii. Sometimes a few words carelessly spoken are enough to cleave a married couple and leave the relationship in shambles.)
82
coagulent (n)
any material that causes another to thicken or clot.
coagulate (v)
83
coalesce (v)
to fuse, to unite
coalescence (n)
84
coerce (v)
to force someone either to do something or to refrain from doing something.
coercion (n)
85
cogent (adj)
forceful or convincing.
cogency (n)
86
commensurate (adj)
aligned with, proportional.
87
commingle (v)
to blend, to mix.
88
companionate (adj)
suitably or harmoniously accompanying.
eg. Even though the two women had never travelled together before, they found each other to be extremely companionate.
89
compensate (v)
to counterbalance or make appropriate payment to.
compensation (n)
90
complaisant (adj)
tending to bow to others' wishes; amiable.
complaisance (n)
91
complement (n)
something that completes, fills up, adds to or makes perfect.
complementary (adj)
92
compound (v)
to intensify, to exacerbate.
93
compulsory (adj)
mandtory, required.
94
conceivable (adj)
possible, imaginable.
conception (n)
95
conclusive (adj)
putting an end to debate, question, or uncertainty.
conclude (v)
96
concur (v)
to agree, to approve.
concurrence (n)
97
Condensation (n)
A reduction to a denser form (from steam to water); an abridgment of a literary work.
Condense (v)
98
Condescending (adj)
Having an attitude of superiority toward another; patronizing.
Condescension (n)
99
Condone (v)
To overlook, to permit to happen.
100
Conglomerate (v)
To form into a mass or coherent whole.
101
Congruent (adj)
Coinciding, harmonious.
Congruence (n)
102
Conjunction (n)
The occurrence of two or more events together in time or space; in astronomy, the point at which two celestial bodies have the lest separation.
Conjoin (v)
103
Consolation (n)
Relief or comfort in sorrow or suffering.
Console (v)
105
Consternation (n)
Shock, amazement, dismay.
105
Contention (n)
A point made in an argument or debate.
Contentious (adj)
106
Constitute (v)
To compose, to make up; to establish
107
Contingency (n)
An event that is possible.
Contingent (Adj)
108
Convergence (n)
The act of com in together in unity or similarity.
Converge (v)
109
Conviviality (n)
Fond of good company and eating and drinking.
Convivial (adj)
110
Convoluted (adj)
Twisting, complicated, intricate.
Convolute (v)
Convolution (n)
111
Corrective (n)
Something that removes errors or mistakes.
Correctively (adj)
112
Correlation (n)
A correspondence between two comparable entities.
Correlate (v)
113
Corroborating (adj)
Supporting with evidence; confirming.
Corroborate (v)
Corroboration (n)
114
Counterargument (n)
a point made in a discussion contrary to an already stated point.
115
Corrosive (adj)
Eating away, gnawing, or destroying.
Corrode (v)
Corrosion (n)
116
Cosmopolitanism (n)
International sophistication; worldliness.
Cosmopolitan (adj)
117
Countering (v)
Offering something opposite or contrary.
Counter (n)
118
Covert (adj)
Secret, clandestine.
119
Covetous (adj)
Envious, particularly of another's possessions.
Covet (v)
120
Craven (adj)
Cowardly.
121
Credulous (adj)
Ready to believe; gullible.
Credulity (n)
122
Cryptic (adj)
Puzzling, ambiguous.
123
Culmination (n)
The climax.
Culminate (v)
124
Culpable (adj)
Deserving blame, guilty.
Cuplability (n)
125
Cursory (adj)
Hasty and superficial.
126
Cyclic (adj)
Relating to a regularly repeated event or sequence of events.
Cyclically (adverb)
127
Debilitating (adj)
Weakening; sapping the strength of.
Debilitate (v)
128
Decelerate (v)
To slow down.
Deceleration (n)
129
Decimation (n)
Almost complete destruction.
Decimate (v)
130
Decry (v)
To criticize or condemn.
131
Defamation (n)
The act of harming someone by libel or slander.
Defame (v)
132
Defer (v)
To graciously submit to another's will; to delegate.
Deference (n)
133
Deliberate (v)
To think about an issue before reaching a decision.
Deliberation (n)
134
Demagogue (n)
A leader who plays dishonestly on the prejudices and emotions of his followers.
Demagoguery (n)
135
Demographic (adj)
Relating to the statistical study of population.
Demography (n)
Demographics (n)
136
Deprecate (v)
To express disapproval of.
137
Derisive (adj)
Expressing ridicule or scorn.
Derision (n)
138
Derivative (adj)
Imitating or borrowed from a particular source.
Derivation (n)
Derive (v)
139
Desiccate (v)
To dry out, to wither; to drain of vitality.
Desiccant (n)
Desiccation (n)
140
Despotic (adj)
Oppressive or tyrannical.
Despot (n)
141
Desultory (adj)
Disconnected, aimless.
142
Deteriorated (v)
Made inferior in character, quality or value.
Deterioration (n)
143
Determinant (n)
An element that identified the nature of something to fixes an outcome.
Determinantal (adj)
144
Deviate (v)
To depart from a standard or norm.
Deviation (n)
145
Diatribe (n)
Abusive or bitter speech or writing
146
differentiate (v)
To show the difference in or between.
147
diffident (adj)
Hesitant, reserved, shy.
Diffidence (n)
148
digress (v)
To wander from the main path or the main topic.
Digression (n)
Digressive (adj)
149
disabuse (v)
To correct a fallacy; to clarify.
150
disburse (v)
To pay out or distribute (funds or property)
disbursement (n)
151
discern (v)
To detect, notice, or observe.
discernment (n)
152
discordant (adj)
Characterized by conflict.
discordance (n)
153
discourse (n)
Formal and orderly exchange of ideas, a discussion.
discusive (adj)
154
discredit (v)
To cause disbelief in the accuracy of some statement or the reliability of a person.
155
discreet (adj)
Showing good judgement in speech and behavior.
discretion (n)
156
discrete (adj)
Separate, unconnected.
157
disparity (n)
Difference in quality or kind.
disparate (adj)
158
dissemble (v)
To pretend, to simulate.
159
dissemination (n)
Spreading abroad, or dispersing.
160
dissipate (v)
To spread out or scatter.
dissipation (n)
161
dissonance (n)
Lack of music harmony; lack of agreement between ideas.
dissonant (adj)
162
distillation (n)
Something distilled, an essence or extract; in chemistry, a process that drives gas or vapor from liquids or solids.
distill (v)
163
diverge (v)
To move in different directions.
divergent (adj)
divergence (n)
164
diversify (v)
To balance by adding variety.
diversification (n)
diversified (adj)
165
divest (v)
To rid (oneself) or be freed of property, authority, or title.
divestiture (n)
166
divulge (v)
To reveal.
167
dogmatic (adj)
Holding firmly to a particular set of beliefs with little or no basis.
dogma (n)
dogmatism (n)
168
dormant (adj)
temporarily inactive, as if asleep.
dormancy (n)
169
dross (n)
Something that is trivial or inferior; an impurity.
170
dubious (adj)
Doubtful, uncertain.
dubiety (n)
171
dupe (n)
Someone who is easily cheated.
172
eccentricity (n)
Odd or whimsical behavior.
eccentric (adj)
173
edifying (adj)
Instructive, enlightening.
edification (n)
edify (v)
174
efficacy (n)
The power to produce the desired effect.
efficacious (n)
175
effrontery (n)
Shameless boldness.
176
elaborate (v)
To expand on something; develop.
elaborate (adj)
elaboration (n)
177
emanating (v)
Coming from a source.
emanation (n)
178
embellish (v)
To enhance or exaggerate; to decorate.
embellished (adj)
179
embezzle (v)
To steal money that has been entrusted to your care.
embezzlement (n)
180
emollient (n)
Something that softens or soothes.
emollient (adj)
181
empirical (adj)
based on experience or personal observation.
eg. Although many people believe in ESP, scientists have found no empirical evidence of its existence.
empiricism (n)
182
emulate (v)
To imitate or copy.
emulation (n)
183
enervate (v)
To reduce the energy or strength of something or someone.
eg. the stress of the surgery left her feeling enervated for two weeks.
enervation (n)
Synonyms:
Debilitate
184
engender (v)
To produce, to cause; to foster.
eg. Disagreements over the proper use of parklands and national forests have engendered feelings of hostility between ranchers and environmentalists.
185
enhance (v)
To improve in value or quality.
enhancement (n)
186
enigmatic (adj)
Puzzling, mysterious.
enigma (n)
187
enmity (n)
Hatered, hostility, ill will.
188
ensure (v)
To make certain; to guarantee.
189
enumerate (v)
To count off or name one by one.
enumeration (n)
190
epithet (n)
Term or word used to characterize a person or thing, often in a disparaging way.
eg. The police chief reminded the new recruits that there is no lace for racial epithets in their vocabulary.
epithetical (adj)
191
equable (adj)
Steady, uniform.
192
equity (n)
State of being impartial and fair.
eg. Although our legal system is designed to provide equity, it does not always provide justice.
193
equivocate (v)
To use misleading or intentionally confusing language.
equivocal (adj)
equivocation (n)
194
eradicate (v)
To destroy completely.
eradication (n)
195
erosion (n)
The process of being worn away by degrees.
erode (v)
196
erudition (n)
Extensive knowledge, usually acquired from books.
erudite (adj)
197
esoterica (n)
Items of interest to a select group.
esoteric (adj) -- intended for or likely to be understood by only a small number of people with a specialized knowledge or interest; e.g.. an esoteric philosophical debate.
synonyms: abstruse, obscure, arcane, recondite, abstract; enigmatic, inscrutable, cryptic, Delphic; mysterious.
198
espouse (v)
To take up as a cause; to adopt.
eg. Most American politicians refrain from openly espousing racism, although some behave and speak in racially prejudiced ways.
199
estimable (adj)
Worthy of esteem and admiration.
esteem (n)
200
ethnology (n)
A science dealing with the division of mankind into races and their origins.
ethnologic (adj)
201
euphemism (n)
An agreeable expression that is substituted for an offensive one.
euphemistic (adj)
202
exacerbate (v)
To make worse or more severe.
202
Obsequious (adj)
fawning
203
quintessential (adj)
of or pertaining to the most perfect embodiment of something
204
Amorphous (adj)
Vague, without clear and definitive form.
206
Cloying (adj)
causing or tending to cause disgust or aversion through excess
207
Acerbic (adj)
Sour or astringent in taste; harsh or severe (temper or expression)
208
assiduous (adj)
constant; unremitting; constant in application or effort; working diligently at a task; persevering; industrious; attentive.
209
autocratic (adj)
absolute; tyrannical; despotic; domineering.
autocrat (n)
210
acquit (v)
to relieve from a charge of fault or crime; declare not guilty;
to release or discharge (a person) from an obligation;
to settle or satisfy (a debt, obligation, claim, etc.);
to bear or conduct (oneself); behave (he coquetted himself well in battle);
to free or clear (oneself)
synonyms: exculpate, absolve, free.
antonym: convict
211
ambivalent (adj)
having mixed feelings (about someone or something); being unable to choose between two (usually opposing) courses of action;
212
atomism (n)
a method or theory that reduces all psychological phenomena to simple elements.
atomist (n)
atomistic, atomistical (adj)
atomistically (adverb)
213
austere (adj)
severe in manner or appearance; uncompromising; strict; forbidding;
grave; sober; solemn; serious
without excess, luxury, or ease; simple;
lacking softness; hard;
antonyms: luxurious, comfortable, lush; sybaritic.
214
elegiac (adj)
expressing sorrow or lamentation;
| elegy (n) - a mournful, melancholy, or plaintive poem, especially a funeral song or a lament for the dead
215
didactic (adj)
instructive; inclined to teach or lecture (too much)
216
confer/conferred (v)
to consult together; compare opinions
| conferred - to bestow upon as a gift, favor, honor, etc.
217
discursive (adj)
passing aimlessly from one subject to another; digressive; rambling;
proceeding by reasoning or argument rather than intuition.
218
equivocal (adj)
deliberately ambiguous; allowing multiple interpretations, especially with intent to deceive or misguide;
of doubtful nature or character; questionable; dubious; suspicious
219
deprecate (v)
to express earnest disapproval of, to protest against; to belittle; to depreciate
synonyms: disparage, denounce, condemn
220
candor (n)
quality of being frank, open, and sincere in expression/speech; freedom from bias; fairness; impartiality
221
denouement (n)
solution; conclusion.
the final resolution of the intricacies of a plot; the place in the plot where this occurs;
the outcome/resolution of a doubtful series of occurrences.
222
exculpate (v)
to free from blame; to clear from a charge of guilt or fault.
vindicate
223
belie (adj)
contradict, show to be false; misinterpret.
synonyms: repudiate, confute, gainsay, refute
antonyms: prove, verify, support
