Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

CIS 150 - Intro to Computers > Vocab 1-8 > Flashcards

Vocab 1-8 Flashcards

1
Q

computer

A

An electronic device, operating under the control of instructions stored in its own memory.

  • Collects data (input)
  • Processing
  • Produces information (output)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

application software

A

jkjk

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

computer literacy

A

Also known as digital literacy.

Having a current knowledge and understanding of computers and their uses.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

data

A

A collection of unprocessed items, which can include text, numbers, images, audio, and video.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Information

A

Conveys meaning and is useful to people.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

input device

A

Allows you to enter data and instructions into a computer.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

hardware

A

Electric, electronic, and mechanical components of a computer.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

output device

A

Hardware component that conveys information to one or more people.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

system unit

A

Case that contains the electronic components of the computer that are used to process data.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

storage media

A

Devices used by the computer to store data, instructions, and information.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

storage device

A

Records (writes) and/or retrieves (reads) items to and from storage media.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

communications device

A

A hardware component that enables a computer to send (transmit) and receive data. instructions, and information to and from one or more computers or mobile devices.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Advantages of Using Computers

A
  • Speed
  • Reliability - rarely break or fail
  • Consistency - given the same input and processes, a computer will produce the same results.
  • Storage - Transfer data quickly.
  • Communications - share information easily and quickly
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Output

A

Data that has been processed into a useful form.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

output device

A

Aany type of hardware component that conveys information to one or more people. Such as:

  • Display devices
  • Printers
  • Speakers, headphones, and earbuds
  • Data projectors
  • Interactive whiteboards
  • Force-feedback game controllers
  • Tactile output
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

display device

A

Visually conveys text, graphics, and video information.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

monitor

A

Packaged as a separate peripheral:

  • LCD monitor
  • Widescreen
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

LCD

A

Liquid crystal display: uses a liquid compound to present information on a display device.
LCD monitors use a digital signal and should plug into a DVI port, an HDMI port, or a DisplayPort

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

The quality of an LCD monitor or LCD screen depends primarily on:

A
  • Resolution
  • Response time
  • Brightness
  • Dot pitch
  • Contrast ratio
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Resolution

A

The number of horizontal and vertical pixels in a display device: A higher resolution uses a greater number of pixels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

GPU

A

The graphics processing unit: controls the manipulation and display of graphics on a display device.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Plasma monitors

A

Display devices that use gas plasma technology and offer screen sizes up to 150 inches.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Televisions

A

A good output device (Require a converter if you are connecting your computer to an analog television).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

DTV

A

Digital television offers a crisper, higher-quality output.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

HDTV

A

The most advanced form of digital television.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

printer

A

Produces text and graphics on a physical medium
Printed information is called a hard copy, or printout
Print in Landscape or Portrait Orientation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

nonimpact printer

A

Forms characters and graphics on a piece of paper without actually striking the paper:

  • Ink-jet printers
  • Photo printers
  • Laser printers
  • Thermal printers
  • Mobile printers
  • Label and postage printers
  • Plotters
  • Large-format printers
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

ink-jet printer

A
  • Forms characters and graphics by spraying tiny drops of liquid ink onto a piece of paper
  • Color or black-and-white
  • Printers with a higher dpi (dots per inch) produce a higher quality output.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Photo printer

A

Produces color photo-lab-quality pictures.

  • Most use ink-jet technology.
  • PictBridge allows you to print photos directly from a digital camera.
  • Print from a memory card and preview photos on a built-in LCD screen.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

MFP

A

A multifunction peripheral is a single device that prints, scans, copies, and in some cases, faxes.

  • 3-in-One (print, scan, copy)
  • 4-in-One adds FAX
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

audio output device

A

produces music, speech, or other sounds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

Voice output

A

Occurs when you hear a person’s voice or when the computer talks to you through the speakers.

  • Some Web sites dedicate themselves to providing voice output.
  • Often works with voice input.
  • VoIP uses voice output and voice input.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

Other Output Devices

A

Other output devices are available for specific uses and applications:

  • Data projectors
  • Interactive whiteboards
  • Force-feedback game controllers
  • Tactile output
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

data projector

A

A device that takes the text and images displaying on a computer screen and projects them on a larger screen:

  • LCD projector
  • Digital light processing (DLP) projector
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

interactive whiteboard

A

A touch-sensitive device, resembling a dry-erase board, that displays the image on a connected computer screen.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

Force-feedback

A

Sends resistance to the device in response to actions of the user.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

Tactile output

A

Provides the user with a physical response from the device.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

System software

A

Consists of the programs that control or maintain the operations of the computer and its devices.

  • Operating systems
  • Utility Programs (Utilities)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

OS

A

An operating system is a set of programs containing instructions that work together to coordinate all the activities among computer hardware resources.

  • Start and shut down a computer
  • Provide a user interface
  • Manage programs
  • Manage memory
  • Coordinate tasks
  • Configure devices
  • Establish an Internet connection
  • Monitor performance
  • Provide utilities
  • Automatically update
  • Control a network
  • Administer security
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

booting

A

The process of starting or restarting a computer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

Cold boot

A

Turning on a computer that has been powered off completely.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

Warm boot

A

Using the operating system to restart a computer.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

boot drive

A

The drive from which your computer starts.

  • You can boot from a boot disk.
  • A recovery disk contains a few system files that will start the computer.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

Operating System Power Configuration - Sleep mode

A

Saves any open documents and programs to RAM, turns off all unneeded functions, and then places the computer in a low-power state.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q

Operating System Power Configuration - Hibernate

A

Saves any open documents and programs to a hard disk before removing power from the computer.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
46
Q

Operating System Power Configuration - Hybrid Sleep

A

Combines Sleep and Hibernate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
47
Q

UI

A

A User Interface controls how you enter data and instructions and how information is displayed.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
48
Q

GUI

A

A Graphical User Interface uses icons and visual images (graphics), plus menus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
49
Q

Command Line Interface

A

A user uses the keyboard to enter data and instructions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
50
Q

How an operating system handles programs directly affects your productivity

A
  • Single-user & Multi-user
  • Single-tasking & Multi-tasking
  • Foreground and background
  • Pre-emptive Multi-tasking
  • Multi-processing
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
51
Q

Memory management

A

Optimizes the use of RAM (Random Access Memory).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
52
Q

Virtual memory

A

A portion of a storage medium (e.g., hard drive) functioning as additional RAM.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
53
Q

driver

A

A small program that tells the operating system how to communicate with a specific device.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
54
Q

Plug and Play

A

Automatically configures new devices as you install them.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
55
Q

Internet and Network connections

A

Operating systems provide a means to establish Internet and Network connections

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
56
Q

performance monitor

A

Aprogram that accesses and reports information about various computer resources and devices.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
57
Q

Operating systems often provide ways to:

A
  • Manage files
  • Search for files
  • View images
  • Secure a computer
  • Uninstall programs
  • Clean up disk space
  • Defragment disks
  • Diagnose problems
  • Back up files and disks
  • Configure screen savers
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
58
Q

swap file

A

The operating system swaps files to and from memory and virtual memory as needed to speed up system performance and use the physical RAM more efficiently.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
59
Q

thrashing

A
  • A computer’s virtual memory subsystem is in a constant state of paging, rapidly exchanging data in memory for data on disk, to the exclusion of most application-level processing.
  • This causes the performance of the computer to degrade or collapse.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
60
Q

paging

A
  • One of the memory-management schemes by which a computer can store and retrieve data from secondary storage for use in main memory.
  • The operating system retrieves data from secondary storage in same-size blocks called pages.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
61
Q

Windows Update and Mac Software Update

A

Can automatically install software updates

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
62
Q

A network administrator uses the server operating system to:

A
  • Add and remove users, computers, and other devices.

- Install software and administer network security.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
63
Q

server operating system

A

Organizes and coordinates how multiple users access and share resources on a network.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
64
Q

stand-alone operating system

A

Acomplete operating system that works on a desktop computer, notebook computer or mobile computing device:

  • Windows 8
  • Mac OS X
  • Chrome
  • Linux
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
65
Q

Server Operating Systems

A
  • Windows Server 2012
  • UNIX
  • Linux
  • Solaris
  • NetWare
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
66
Q

embedded operating system

A

Resides on a ROM* chip on a mobile device or consumer electronic device.

  • Android
  • iOS
  • BlackBerry OS
  • Windows Phone 8
  • Symbian
  • WebOS
  • Windows Embedded CE
  • Embedded Linux
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
67
Q

utility program

A

Atype of system software that allows a user to perform maintenance tasks.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
68
Q

file manager

A

A utility that performs functions related to file management:

  • Displaying a list of files.
  • Organizing files in folders.
  • Copying, renaming, deleting, moving, and sorting files and folders.
  • Creating a shortcut (known as an alias in Mac OS).
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
69
Q

search utility

A

A a program that attempts to locate a file on your computer based on criteria you specify.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
70
Q

Virtualization

A

The practice of sharing or pooling computing resources.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
71
Q

image viewer

A

Allows users to display, copy, and print the contents of a graphics file.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
72
Q

uninstaller

A

Removes a program, as well as any associated entries in the system files.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
73
Q

disk cleanup utility

A

Searches for and removes unnecessary files:

  • Downloaded programfiles
  • Temporary Internetfiles
  • Deleted files
  • Unused programfiles
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
74
Q

disk defragmenter

A

Reorganizes the files and unused space on a computer’s hard disk so that the operating system accesses data more quickly and programs run faster.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
75
Q

backup utility

A

Allows users to copy files to another storage medium.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
76
Q

restore utility

A

Reverses the process and returns backed up files to their original form.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
77
Q

screen saver

A

Causes a display device’s screen to show a moving image or blank screen if no activity occurs for a specified time.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
78
Q

personal firewall

A

Detects unauthorized intrusions and protects a personal computer from them.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
79
Q

virus

A

A potentially damaging computer program that has negative effects.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
80
Q

worm

A

Copies itself repeatedly in memory or over a network.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
81
Q

Trojan horse

A

Hides within or looks like a legitimate program.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
82
Q

antivirus program

A

Protects a computer against viruses.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
83
Q

Spyware

A

A program placed on a computer without the user’s knowledge that secretly collects information about the user.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
84
Q

spyware remover

A

Detects and deletes spyware and other similar programs.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
85
Q

adware remover

A

Program that detects and deletes adware.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
86
Q

Filters

A

Programs that remove or block certain items from being displayed:

  • Web filtering software
  • Anti-spam programs
  • Phishing filters
  • Pop-up blockers
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
87
Q

file compression utility

A

Shrinks the size of files;

- Compressing files frees up room on storage media

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
88
Q

zipped files

A

Compressed files

  • Can be uncompressed with a utility program
  • Some self-extract
  • Most common compression type is .zip
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
89
Q

media player

A

Allows you to view images and animation, listen to audio, and watch video on your computer.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
90
Q

Disc burning software

A

Writes text, graphic, audio, and video files to a recordable (R) or rewritable (RW) optical disc (typically a CD or DVD).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
91
Q

personal computer maintenance utility

A

Identifies and fixes operating system problems, detects and repairs disk problems, and can improve performance.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
92
Q

Green computing

A

Involves reducing the electricity consumed and environmental waste generated when using a computer
Strategies include:
- Recycling
- Regulating manufacturing processes
- Extending the life of computers
- Immediately donating or properly disposing of replaced computers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
93
Q

network

A

A collection of connected computers and devices, often wirelessly, via communications devices and transmission media.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
94
Q

Internet

A

A worldwide collection of networks that connects millions of businesses, government agencies, educational institutions, and individuals.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
95
Q

social networking Web site

A

Encourages members to share their interests, ideas, stories, photos, music, and videos with other registered users.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
96
Q

Software

A

Also called a program, tells the computer what tasks to perform and how to perform them.

  • System Software:
    • Operating system
    • Utility programs (“Utilities”)
  • Application Software
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
97
Q

Installing

A

Process of setting up software to work with the computer, printer, and other hardware.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
98
Q

programmer

A

Develops software or writes the instructions that direct the computer to process data into information.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
99
Q

personal computer

A

Can perform all of its input, processing, output, and storage activities by itself.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
100
Q

Mobile Computer

A

Personal computer you can carry from place to place.

- Examples include: notebook computers, laptop computers, netbooks, ultra-thins, and Tablet PCs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
101
Q

Mobile Device

A

Computing device small enough to hold in your hand.
- Examples include: smart phones, e-book readers, handheld computers, portable media players, wearable computers, and digital cameras.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
102
Q

game console

A

A mobile computing device designed for single-player or multiplayer video games.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
103
Q

server

A

Controls access to the hardware, software, and other resources on a network.
- Provides a centralized storage area for programs, data, and information.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
104
Q

mainframe

A

A large, expensive, powerful computer that can handle hundreds or thousands of connected users simultaneously.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
105
Q

supercomputer

A

The fastest, most powerful computer.

- Fastest supercomputers are capable of processing more than one quadrillion instructions in a single second.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
106
Q

embedded computer

A

A special-purpose computer that functions as a component in a larger product.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
107
Q

Elements of an Information System

A
  • Hardware
  • Software
  • Data
  • People
  • Procedures
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
108
Q

native resolution

A

LCD’s are designed/geared for a specific resolution

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
109
Q

Internet

A

A worldwide collection of networks that links millions of businesses, government agencies, educational institutions, and individuals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
110
Q

Internet originated as

A

ARPANET* in September 1969 and had two main goals:

  • Allow scientists in different physical locations to share information and work together
  • Function even if part of the network were disabled or destroyed by a disaster or attack
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
111
Q

Who is in charge of the internet?

A

No one:

  • Each organization is responsible only for maintaining its own network
  • The World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) oversees research and supports Open Stand, The Modern Paradigm for Standards.
  • Internet2 connects, via a high-speed private network, 220 universities, 60 leading corporations, 70 government agencies, 38 regional and state education networks, and more than 65 national research and education networking partners representing over 100 countries
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
112
Q

high-speed broadband Internet service

A
  • Cable Internet Service
  • DSL
  • Fiber to the Premises (FTTP)
  • Fixed Wireless
  • Cellular Radio Network
  • Wi-Fi
  • Satellite Internet Service
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
113
Q

access provider

A

A business that provides individuals and organizations access to the Internet free or for a fee.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
114
Q

ISP

A

Internet Service Provider
- Regional ISPs provide Internet access for a specific geographical area
- National ISPs provide Internet access in cities and towns nationwide
Wireless Internet Service Provider
- Provides wireless Internet access to computers and mobile devices
- May require a wireless modem

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
115
Q

IP address

A

A number that uniquely identifies each computer or device connected to the Internet

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
116
Q

domain name

A

The text version of an IP address Top-level domain (TLD).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
117
Q

DNS server

A

Domain Name System server -

Translates the domain name into its associated IP address.

118
Q

World Wide Web, or Web

A

Consists of a worldwide collection of electronic documents (Web pages).

119
Q

Web site

A

A collection of related Web pages and associated items.

120
Q

Web server

A

A computer that delivers requested Web pages to your computer.

121
Q

Web 2.0

A

Refers to Web sites that provide a means for users to interact.

122
Q

Web browser, or browser

A

Allows users to access Web pages and Web 2.0 programs.

123
Q

home page

A

Is the first page that a Web site displays.

124
Q

links

A

Code on a web page that directs the browser to bring you to another web page.

125
Q

Downloading

A

The process of receiving information.

126
Q

URL* or Web address

A

A unique address for a Web page.

127
Q

Tabbed browsing

A

Allows you to open and view multiple Web pages in a single Web browser window.

128
Q

Multimedia

A

Refers to any application that combines text with:

  • Graphics
  • Animation
  • Audio
  • Video
  • Virtual Reality
129
Q

A graphic

A 
A digital representation of non-text information.
Graphic formats include:
- BMP
- GIF
- JPEG
- PNG
- TIFF
130
Q

thumbnail

A

A small version of a larger graphic.

131
Q

Animation

A

Is the appearance of motion created by displaying a series of still images in sequence.

132
Q

Audio

A

Includes music, speech, or any other sound

- Compressed to reduce file size.

133
Q

You listen to audio on your computer using a

A

player

134
Q

Streaming

A

The process of transferring data in a continuous and even flow.

135
Q

Video

A

Consists of images displayed in motion.

136
Q

VR

A

Virtual reality - The use of computers to simulate a real or imagined environment that appears as a three-dimensional space.

137
Q

plug-in

A

A program that extends the capability of a Web browser.

138
Q

Web publishing

A

The development and maintenance of Web pages.

  • Plan a Web site
  • Analyze and design a Web site
  • Create a Web site
  • Deploy a Web site
  • Maintain a Web site
139
Q

E-commerce

A

A business transaction that occurs over an electronic network.

140
Q

M-commerce

A

Identifies e-commerce that takes place using mobile devices.

141
Q

Categories of E-Commerce

A
  • Business-to-consumer (B2C)
  • Business-to-business (B2B
  • Consumer-to-consumer (C2C)
142
Q

IM

A

Instant messaging - A real-time Internet communications service.

143
Q

chat

A

A real-time typed conversation that takes place on a computer.

144
Q

chat room

A

A location on an Internet server that permits users to chat with each other.

145
Q

VoIP

A

Voice over Internet Protocol - enables users to speak to other users over the Internet.
- Also called Internet telephony

146
Q

FTP

A

File Transfer Protocol - An Internet standard that permits file uploading and downloading with other computers on the Internet.
- Many operating systems include FTP capabilities.

147
Q

FTP server

A

A computer that allows users to upload and/or download files using FTP.

148
Q

Netiquette

A

The code of acceptable Internet behavior.

149
Q

Application software

A

Consists of programs designed to make users more productive and/or assist with personal tasks:

  • To make business activities more efficient
  • To assist with graphics and multimedia projects
  • To support home, personal, and educational tasks
  • To facilitate communications
150
Q

System software

A

Serves as the interface between the user, application software, and hardware
- Utility programs.

151
Q

Business application software categories:

A
  • Word Processing
  • Spreadsheet
  • Database
  • Presentation
  • Note Taking
  • Personal Information Manager
  • Business Software for Phones
  • Business Software Suites
  • Project Management
  • Accounting
  • Document Management
  • Enterprise Computing Software
152
Q

Word processing software

A

Allows users to create and manipulate documents.

153
Q

Clip art

A

A collection of electronic drawings, photos, and other images.

154
Q

Additional word processing features include:

A
  • AutoCorrect
  • AutoFormat
  • Collaboration
  • Columns
  • Grammar Checker
  • Plus 13 others
155
Q

Spreadsheet software

A

Allows users to organize data in rows and columns and perform calculations.

156
Q

Charting (spreadsheet software)

A

Depicts data in a spreadsheet in graphical form.

157
Q

database

A

A collection of data organized in a manner that allows access, retrieval, and output of that data.

158
Q

DBMS

A

Database Management System: create, access, manage data.

159
Q

Presentation software

A

Allows users to create visual aids for presentations to communicate ideas, messages, and other information to a group.

160
Q

Note-taking software

A

Application software that enables users to enter typed text, handwritten comments, drawings, or sketches anywhere on a page.

161
Q

software suite

A

A collection of individual programs available together as a unit.

162
Q

PIM

A

Personal Information Manager - Application software that includes:

  • Appointment calendar
  • Address book
  • Notepad
163
Q

Project management software

A

plan, schedule, track, and analyze project events, resources, and costs

164
Q

Accounting software

A

record and report financial transactions

165
Q

Document management software

A

share, distribute, and search through documents by converting them into a format viewable by any user

166
Q

Graphics and Multimedia Software

A
  • Computer-aided design (CAD)
  • Desktop publishing
  • Image editing
  • Video and audio editing
  • Multimedia authoring
167
Q

Web page authoring software

A

Helps users of all skill levels create Web pages that include multimedia and interactive content.

168
Q

Web application

A

A Web site that allows users to access and interact with software from any computer or device that is connected to the Internet.

169
Q

Communications Software

A
  • Web Browser
  • E-Mail
  • Instant Messaging
  • Chat Room
  • Text, Picture, Video Messaging
  • RSS Aggregator
  • Blogging
  • Newsgroup/Message Board
  • FTP
  • VoIP
  • Video Conferencing
170
Q

Online Help

A

The electronic equivalent of a user manual:

- You can ask a question or access the Help topics by subject or in alphabetical order.

171
Q

Web-based training

A

Type of CBT (Computer Based Training) consists of application software on the Web.

172
Q

system unit

A

A case that contains electronic components of the computer used to process data.

173
Q

The inside of the system unit on a desktop personal computer includes:

A
  • Drive bay(s)
  • Power supply
  • Sound card
  • Video card
  • Processor
  • Memory
174
Q

motherboard

A

The main circuit board of the system unit:

- A computer chip contains integrated circuits.

175
Q

processor

A

Also called the central processing unit (CPU), interprets and carries out the basic instructions that operate a computer
Contains a control unit and an arithmetic logic unit (ALU):
- Dual-core processor
- Quad-core processor
- Multi-core processor

176
Q

control unit

A

The component of the processor that directs and coordinates most of the operations in the computer.

177
Q

ALU

A

The arithmetic logic unit - performs arithmetic, comparison, and other operations.

178
Q

For every instruction ,a processor repeats a set of ______

A

Four basic operations, comprising a machine cycle:
Step 1 - The control unit fetches the math problem’s instructions and data from memory.
Step 2 - The control unit decodes the math problems instructions and sends the instructions and data to the ALU.
Step 3 - The ALU performs calculations on the data.
Step 4 - The results of the math problem are stored in memory.

179
Q

Processor

A

A processor chip generates heat that could cause the chip to burn up.
Require additional cooling:
- Heat sinks
- Liquid cooling technology

180
Q

Analog signals

A

Are continuous and vary in strength and quality.

181
Q

Digital signals

A

Are in one of two states: on or off.

- Most computers are digital

182
Q

The binary system

A

Uses two unique digits (0 and 1).

183
Q

Bits and bytes.

A
  • A computer circuit represents the 0 or the 1 electronically by the presence or absence of an electrical charge
  • Eight bits grouped together as a unit are called a byte. A byte represents a single character in the computer.
184
Q

ASCII

A

American Standard Code for Information Interchange - is the most widely used coding scheme to represent data.

185
Q

Memory

A

Consists of electronic components that store instructions waiting to be executed by the processor, data needed by those instructions, and the results of processing the data
Stores three basic categories of items:
- The operating system and other system software
- Application programs
- Data being processed and the resulting information

186
Q

Memory address and size

A
  • Each location in memory has an address
  • Memory size is measured in:
  • kilobytes (KB or K) - 1 thousand bytes
  • megabytes (MB) - 1 million bytes
  • gigabytes (GB) - 1 billion bytes
  • terabytes (TB) - 1 trillion bytes
187
Q

kilobytes (KB or K)

A

1 thousand bytes

188
Q

megabytes (MB)

A

1 million bytes

189
Q

gigabytes (GB)

A

1 billion bytes

190
Q

terabytes (TB)

A

1 trillion bytes

191
Q

The system unit contains two types of memory:

A
  • Volatile memory.

- Nonvolatile memory.

192
Q

Volatile memory

A
  • Loses its contents when power is turned off.

- Example includes RAM.

193
Q

Nonvolatile memory

A
  • Does not lose contents when power is removed.

- Examples include ROM, flash memory, and CMOS.

194
Q

Memory cache

A

Speeds the processes of the computer because it stores frequently used instructions and data.

195
Q

ROM

A

Read-only memory: refers to memory chips storing permanent data and instructions.
- Firmware uses ROM.

196
Q

PROM

A

Programmable read-only memory chips: blank ROM chips that can be written to permanently.
- EEPROM can be erased

197
Q

Flash memory

A

Can be erased electronically and rewritten.

198
Q

CMOS technology

A

Provides high speeds and consumes little power.

199
Q

Access time

A

The amount of time it takes the processor to read from memory: Measured in nanoseconds

200
Q

expansion slot

A

A socket on the motherboard that can hold an adapter card.

201
Q

adapter card

A

Enhances functions of a component of the system unit and/or provides connections to peripherals.

202
Q

peripherals

A

Sound card and video card

203
Q

Plug and Play

A

The computer automatically can configure adapter cards and other peripherals as you install them.

204
Q

Removable flash memory

A

Includes:

  • Memory cards
  • USB flash drives
  • PC Cards/ExpressCard modules
205
Q

port

A

The point at which a peripheral attaches to or communicates with a system unit (sometimes referred to as a jack).

206
Q

connector

A

Joins a cable to a port.

207
Q

USB port

A

Can connect up to 127 different peripherals together with a single connector.
You can attach multiple peripherals using a single USB port with a USB hub.

208
Q

power supply

A

Converts the wall outlet AC power into DC power.

- Some external peripherals have an AC adapter, which is an external power supply.

209
Q

Input

A

Any data and instructions entered into the memory of a computer: Instructions can be entered into the computer in the form of programs, commands, and user responses.

210
Q

program

A

A series of related instructions that tells a computer what tasks to perform and how to perform them:
- Programs respond to commands that a user issues.

211
Q

user response

A

An instruction a user issues when replying to a question displayed by a program.

212
Q

input device

A

Any hardware component that allows users to enter data and instructions into a computer.

213
Q

keyboard

A

An input device that contains keys users press to enter data and instructions into a computer.

214
Q

insertion point

A

Also known as the cursor: A symbol on the screen that indicates where the next character you type will appear.

215
Q

Ergonomic Keyboards

A

Has a design that reduces the chance of wrist and hand injuries.

216
Q

Ergonomics

A

Combines comfort, efficiency, and safety into the design of the workplace.

217
Q

pointing device

A

An input device that allows a user to control a pointer on the screen.

218
Q

pointer

A

A small symbol on the screen whose location and shape change as a user moves a pointing device.

219
Q

mouse

A

A pointing device that fits under the palm of your hand comfortably:

  • Most widely used pointing device on desktop computers
  • A mouse can be wired or wireless
220
Q

Mouse operations

A
  • Point
  • Click
  • Right-click
  • Double-click
  • Triple-click
  • Drag
  • Right-drag
  • Rotate wheel
  • Free-spin wheel
  • Press wheel
  • Tilt wheel
  • Press thumb button
221
Q

Other Pointing Devices

A
  • trackball
  • touchpad
  • pointing stick
222
Q

trackball

A

A stationary pointing device with a ball on its top or side.

223
Q

touchpad

A

A small, flat, rectangular pointing device that is sensitive to pressure and motion.

224
Q

pointing stick

A

A pressure-sensitive pointing device shaped like a pencil eraser that is positioned between keys on a keyboard.

225
Q

touch screen

A

A touch-sensitive display device.

226
Q

pen input

A

You touch a stylus or digital pen on a flat surface to write, draw, or make selections.

227
Q

Digital Cameras

A

Two factors affect the quality of digital camera photos:

  • Resolution
  • Number of bits stored in each pixel
228
Q

Resolution

A

The number of horizontal and vertical pixels in a display device.

229
Q

pixel

A

The smallest element in an electronic display.

230
Q

Number of bits stored in each pixel

A
  • Each pixel consists of one or more bits of data

- The more bits used to represent a pixel, the more colors and shades of gray that can be represented.

231
Q

Voice input

A

The process of entering input by speaking into a microphone.

232
Q

Voice recognition

A

The computer’s capability of distinguishing spoken words.

233
Q

Audio Input

A

Entering sound into the computer:

  • Speech
  • Music
  • Sound Effects
234
Q

Music Input

A

Music production software allows users to record, compose, mix, and edit music and sounds.

235
Q

Video Input

A

Process of capturing and storing full-motion images:

  • Record video on a digital video (DV) camera or use a video capture card to convert analog signals to digital
  • Connect the camera to a port on the system unit
  • Transfer video and images
236
Q

Web cam

A

A type of digital video camera that enables a user to:

  • Capture video and still images
  • Send e-mail messages with video attachments
  • Add live images to instant messages
  • Broadcast live images over the Internet
  • Make video telephone calls
237
Q

video conference

A

A meeting between two or more geographically separated people.

238
Q

Scanners and Reading Devices

A
  • Flatbed
  • Pen or Handheld
  • Sheet-fed
  • Drum
239
Q

OCR

A

Optical character recognition - involves reading characters from ordinary documents.

240
Q

turnaround document

A

A document you return to the company that creates and sends it.

241
Q

OMR

A

Optical mark recognition - reads hand-drawn marks such as small circles or rectangles.

242
Q

bar code reader

A

Also called a bar code scanner: Uses laser beams to read bar codes.

243
Q

RFID

A

Radio Frequency Identification: uses radio signals to communicate with a tag placed in or attached to an object or within a human body.

244
Q

RFID reader

A

Reads information on the tag via radio waves.

245
Q

RFID can track:

A
  • Times of runners in a race
  • Locations of soldiers
  • Employee wardrobes
  • Airline baggage
  • Skiers’ lift tickets
  • Inventory
  • Pressure and temperature of tires
  • Library books
  • Toll payments
  • Hospital blankets with newborns
246
Q

Magnetic stripe card readers

A

Read the magnetic stripe on the back of cards such as:

  • Credit cards
  • Entertainment cards
  • Bank cards
  • Other similar cards
247
Q

MICR

A

magnetic ink character recognition - devices read text printed with magnetized ink.
- Banking industry uses MICR for check processing

248
Q

MICR reader

A

Converts MICR characters into a form the computer can process.

249
Q

Data collection devices

A 
Obtain data directly at the location where the transaction or event takes place:
Used in:
- Restaurants
- Grocery stores
- Factories
- Warehouses
- Outdoors
250
Q

Biometric Input

A

Biometrics authenticate identity by verifying a unique personal physical characteristic:

  • Fingerprint reader
  • Facial recognition
  • Hand geometry
  • Voice verification
  • Signature verification
  • Iris recognition
  • Retinal scan
  • Cardiac rhythm (ECG)
251
Q

terminal

A

A computer that allows users to send data to and/or receive information from a host computer.

  • A POS terminal - records purchases, processes payment, and updates inventory
  • An automated teller machine (ATM) - allows users to access their bank accounts
  • A DVD kiosk - a self-service DVD rental machine
252
Q

Storage

A

Holds data, instructions, and information for future use.

253
Q

storage medium

A

The physical material on which a computer keeps data, instructions, and information.

254
Q

Capacity

A

The number of bytes a storage medium can hold.

255
Q

storage device

A

The computer hardware that records and/or retrieves items to and from storage media.

256
Q

Reading

A

The the process of transferring items from a storage medium into memory (RAM), as when opening a file.

257
Q

Writing

A

The process of transferring items from memory (RAM) to a storage medium, as when saving a file.

258
Q

Access time

A

Measures:

  • The amount of time it takes a storage device to locate an item on a storage medium.
  • The time required to deliver an item from memory to the processor.
259
Q

hard disk

A

Contains one or more inflexible, circular platters that use magnetic particles to store data, instructions, and information.

260
Q

Hard disks data recording schemes

A

Can store data using:

  • longitudinal recording
  • perpendicular recording (usually results in more storage capacity)
261
Q

Characteristics of a hard disk:

A
  • Capacity
  • Platters
  • Read/Write Heads
  • Cylinders
  • Sectors and Tracks
  • Revolutions per Minute
  • Transfer Rate
  • Access Time
262
Q

Formatting

A

The process of dividing the disk into tracks and sectors so that the operating system can store and locate data and information on the disk.

263
Q

head crash

A

Occurs when a read/write head touches the surface of a platter.

264
Q

Always keep a _______ of your hard disk

A

backup

265
Q

RAID

A

Redundant Array of Independent Disks - is a group of two or more integrated hard disks.

266
Q

NAS device

A

A server connected to a network with the sole purpose of providing storage.

267
Q

external hard disk

A

A separate free-standing hard disk that connects to your computer with a cable or wirelessly.

268
Q

removable hard disk

A

A hard disk that you insert and remove from a drive.

269
Q

Flash Memory Storage

A

Flash memory chips are a type of solid state media and contain no moving parts.

270
Q

SSDs

A

Solid State Drives (SSDs):

  • Available as replacements for hard disk drives
  • Available in many laptops and desktops
271
Q

Advantages of SSDs over magnetic hard disks

A
  • Faster access time
  • Faster transfer rates
  • Generate less heat and consume less power
  • Last longer
  • No moving parts
  • Store data without power (unlike RAM in Sleep)
  • Faster read/write times
  • No fragmentation (unlike HDDs)
272
Q

memory card

A

A a removable flash memory device that you insert and remove from a slot in a computer, mobile device, or card reader/writer:

  • Secure Digital (SD)
  • CompactFlash (CF)
  • Secure Digital High Capacity (SDHC)
  • microSD
  • microSDHC
  • xD Picture Card
  • Memory Stick (Sony)
  • Memory Stick Micro (M2) (Sony)
273
Q

USB flash drives

A

Plug into a USB port on a computer or mobile device.

274
Q

Cloud storage

A 
An Internet-based storage service.
Examples:
- Dropbox
- SkyDrive
- Google Drive
- iCloud
275
Q

Benefits of Cloud storage:

A
  • Access files from any Internet-connected computer
  • Allow others to access files/collaborate online
  • View time-critical data immediately
  • Store offsite backups
  • Provide data center functions
276
Q

Cloud Backup Services

A
  • Range of storage capacities
  • Updates backup files to the Cloud in real-time
  • Access backup from any connected device
  • Files are encrypted
277
Q

optical disc

A

Consists of a flat, round, portable disc made of metal, plastic, and lacquer that is written and read by a laser:

  • Typically store software, data, movies, and music
  • Read only vs. rewritable
  • Commonly store items in a single track that spirals from the center of the disc to the edge
  • Track is divided into evenly sized sectors
278
Q

CD-ROM

A

Can be read from, but not written to:

- Read from a CD-ROM drive or CD-ROM player

279
Q

CD-R

A

A multisession optical disc on which

users can write, but not erase.

280
Q

CD-RW

A

An erasable multisession disc requiring use of a CD-RW drive.

281
Q

DVD-ROM

A

A a high-capacity optical disc on which users can read, but not write or erase:
- Requires a DVD-ROM drive

282
Q

BD-ROM

A

Blu-ray Disc-ROM - has a storage capacity of 100 GB.

283
Q

DVD-RW, DVD+RW, and DVD+RAM

A

High-capacity rewritable DVD formats

284
Q

Other Types of Storage

A
  • Tape
  • Magnetic stripe cards and smart cards
  • Microfilm and microfiche
  • Enterprise storage
285
Q

Tape

A

Magnetically coated ribbon of plastic capable of storing large amounts of data and information.

286
Q

tape drive

A

Reads and writes data and information on a tape.

287
Q

Microfilm and microfiche

A

Store microscopic images of documents on a roll or sheet film.

288
Q

magnetic stripe card

A

Contains a magnetic stripe that stores information.

289
Q

smart card

A

Stores data on a thin microprocessor embedded in the card.

290
Q

Enterprise storage

A

Stores huge volumes of data and information for large businesses:
- Uses special hardware for heavy use, maximum availability, and maximum efficiency.

CIS 150 - Intro to Computers (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions