vocab 1 Flashcards
Bark
all the tissues that has grown including the cambium taken collectively and forming the exterior of the eylem of a tree
Bole
a tree stem that has grown to substantial thickness, generally capable of yielding sawtimber, veneer logs, large poles or pulpwood.
Bolt
any short log cut to a specific length
butt end
the end of a tree originally connected to the stump
butt log
the lowest log on a bole
butt rot
any decay or rot developing in and sometimes characteristically confined to the base or lower stem
butt swell
the part of a log outside its normal taper, extending from where normal taper ends and the flare begins to the large end of the log
caliper
an instrument for determining tree and log diameters by measurement of their rectangular projection on a straight graduated rule via two arms at right angles
catface
a defect on the surface of a tree or log resulting from a wound where healing has not reestablished the normal cross section
charred wood
wood converted to charcoal as a result of incomplete combustion
conk
the fruiting body of a fungus denoting the presence of rot
cull log
a log not meeting the specified product requirements due to defect
defect
any imperfection occurring in and affecting the quantity of products which the log is being scaled
diameter, small end
the average diameter inside bark at the upper end of the tree length or log segment
DIB
abbreviation for Diameter Inside Bark, a measurement of the diameter at the point on a tree or log that includes wood only
DOB
Diameter outside the bark, includes wood and bark
firm red heart
a form of incipient decay characterized by a reddish color produced in the heartwood
flare
a rapid increase in the taper of a log at the butt of a swell
fork
a division of a log or stem of a tree into two or more prongs
gross volume
total volume including defects
heart check
a check or separation originating at the pitch and extending across the annul rings
heart rot
any rot characteristically confined to the heart wood
heartwood
the inner core of a woody stem wholly composed of nonliving cells usually differentiated from the outer enveloping layer by its darker color
incipient decay
the early stage of decay in which the decay has not gone far enough to soften or change the hardness of the wood
intermediate decay
more advanced decay, wood has changed color and has loss strength
knot
a portion of a branch enclosed in the xylem
log
a section of the bole of a felled tree, after trimming and cross cutting
log rule
a table or equation, that estimates product yield, contained in logs of given length form and end diameter
merchantable height
the measured length of the bole from a specified point from at or near the ground, to a height where it is too small or defective to meet a certain specified product
missing wood
wood absent from a log or part of a log that otherwise would usually be regarded naturally complete. caused by fire, decay or machins
net volume
the volume remaining after all deductions have been made for defects
out of round
describes a shape that departs from circular
ovendry
a condition where wood has ceased to lose moisture after being subjected to a temperature of 103C in ventilated oven
pocket rot
in wood any rot localized in small areas, generally forming round or lens shaped cavities
product
a commodity manufactured from a portion of a tree
pulpwood
wood cut and prepared primarily for manufactured into pulp
punky wood
a soft, week, often spongy wood condition caused by decay
ring rot
any rot localized mainly in the early wood of annual rings giving a concentric pattern decay wood
ring shake
a shake that separates between the annual rings and partially or completely encircles the pith
round wood
any section of stem or of the thicker branches of a tree of commercial value that has been felled or cut but has not been processed
sapwood
the living wood of pale color near the outside of the log
scale
to measure or estimated the quantity, expressed as the volume or area or length or mass or number of products obtained from trees after they are felled
scale stick
a graduated stick for measuring the end diameters of logs of felled trees inside the bark
shake
a separation along the grain and occurring between or across the annual rings, but not extending from one surface to another
soundwood
wood free from structural defect
stem profile model/ taper equation
a math representation of a trees profile or shape
sweep
a gradual curve in the length of a log as distinct from an abrupt bend or curve
tarif
tabulated information, applied to a specific type of volume table
