Vocab 1

Question 1

Adversarial system

Answer 1

The adversarial system of law is the system of law that relies on the contest between each advocate representing his or her party’s positions and involves an impartial person or group of people, usually a jury or judge, trying to determine the truth of the case.

Question 2

Assizes

Answer 2

periodic criminal courts held around England and Wales until 1972

Question 3

Case Law / Common law

Answer 3

the law as established by the outcome of former cases.

Question 4

circuit judges

Answer 4

Judges that move around a lot

Question 5

code of Li K’ vei

Answer 5

• Chinese laws

- They delt with robbery, theft, prison and arrest

Question 6

Codified

Answer 6

arrange (laws or rules) into a systematic code

Question 7

Divine right

Answer 7

the doctrine that kings derive their right to rule directly from God and are not accountable to their subjects; rebellion is the worst of political crimes; “the doctrine of the divine right of kings was enunciated by the Stuarts in Britain in the 16th century”

Question 8

Great laws of Manu

Answer 8

This ‘revealed scripture’ comprises 2684 verses, divided into twelve chapters presenting the norms of domestic, social, and religious life in India (circa 500 BC) under the Brahmin influence, and is fundamental to the understanding of ancient Indian society.

Question 9

Habeas Corpus

Answer 9

a writ requiring a person under arrest to be brought before a judge or into court, esp. to secure the person’s release unless lawful grounds are shown for their detention.
•the legal right to

Question 10

Justinian’s Code

Answer 10

(Law) a compilation of Roman imperial law made by order of Justinian I, forming part of the Corpus Juris Civilis.

Question 11

Magna Carta

Answer 11

the royal charter of political rights given to rebellious English barons by King John in 1215

Question 12

Mosaic Law / 10 Commandments

Answer 12

The ancient law of the Hebrews, attributed to Moses and contained in the Pentateuch. Also called Law of Moses.

Question 13

Napoeonic Code

Answer 13

The Napoleonic Code ‒ or Code Napoléon (the official name being the Code civil des français) ‒ is the French civil code established under Napoléon I in 1804

Question 14

Qubec civil code

Answer 14

The Civil Code of Quebec (CCQ, Code civil du Québec) is the civil code in force in the province of Quebec, Canada, which came into effect on January 1, 1994

Question 15

Restitution

Answer 15

the restoration of something lost or stolen to its proper owner.

Question 16

Retribution

Answer 16

punishment that is considered to be morally right and fully deserved.

Question 17

Rule of law

Answer 17

Law is necasary, no arbertrairy power, law equaly applies to everyone.

Question 18

Rule of precedent

Answer 18

The principle of stare decisis can be divided into two components

Question 19

Stare decisis

Answer 19

the legal principle of determining points in litigation according to precedent.

Question 20

The Great Binding Law

Answer 20

The Great Binding Law or Gayanashagowa is the oral constitution whereby the Iroquois Confederacy was bound together.

Question 21

Trial by combat

Answer 21

Trial by combat (also wager of battle, trial by battle or judicial duel) was a method of Germanic law to settle accusations in the absence of witnesses or a confession in which two parties in dispute fought in single combat; the winner of the fight was proclaimed to be right

Question 22

trial by ordeal

Answer 22

a primitive method of determining a person’s guilt or innocence by subjecting the accused person to dangerous or painful tests believed to be under divine control; escape was usually taken as a sign of innocence

Question 23

Administrative law

Answer 23

the body of law that regulates the operation and procedures of government agencies

Question 24

ByLaw

Answer 24

a rule made by a company or society to control the actions of its members.

Question 25

Civil/ Private law

Answer 25

the system of law concerned with private relations between members of a community rather than criminal, military, or religious affairs

Question 26

Constitutional law

Answer 26

Constitutional law is the body of law which defines the relationship of different entities within a state, namely, the executive, the legislature, and the judiciary.

Question 27

Contract law

Answer 27

that branch of jurisprudence that studies the rights and obligations of parties entering into contracts

Question 28

Criminal law

Answer 28

a system of law concerned with the punishment of those who commit crimes.

Question 29

Distinguishing a case

Answer 29

identifying a case

Question 30

Domestic law

Answer 30

Municipal law is the national, domestic, or internal law of a sovereign state defined in opposition to international law. Municipal law includes not only law at the national level, but law at the state, provincial, territorial, regional or local levels

Question 31

International law

Answer 31

a body of rules established by custom or treaty and recognized by nations as binding in their relations with one another.

Question 32

Jurisdiction

Answer 32

the official power to make legal decisions and judgments.

Question 33

Procedral law

Answer 33

of or relating to procedure; "a procedural violation"

Question 34

Property law

Answer 34

Property law is the area of law that governs the various forms of ownership and tenancy in real property and in personal property, within the common law legal system. In the civil law system, there is a division between movable and immovable property.

Question 35

Public law

Answer 35

the law of relationships between individuals and the government.

Question 36

Statue law

Answer 36

the body of principles and rules of law laid down in statutes

Question 37

Substantive law

Answer 37

Substantive law is the statutory or written law that defines rights and duties, such as crimes and punishments, civil rights and responsibilities in civil law. It is codified in legislated statutes or can be enacted through the initiative process.

Question 38

Tort law

Answer 38

A tort, in common law jurisdictions, is a civil wrong which unfairly causes someone else to suffer loss or harm resulting in legal liability for the person who commits the tortious act

Question 39

Amending formula

Answer 39

Amendments to the Constitution of Canada are changes to the Constitution of Canada initiated by the government. Only since 1982 has there been an official protocol to amend the Constitution

Question 40

Bill

Answer 40

a draft of a proposed law presented to parliament for discussion.

Question 41

Canadian charter of rights and freedoms

Answer 41

The Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms is a bill of rights entrenched in the Constitution of Canada. It forms the first part of the Constitution Act. It outlines our free rights.

Question 42

Civil liberties

Answer 42

the state of being subject only to laws established for the good of the community, esp. with regard to freedom of action and speech.

Question 43

Executive Branch

Answer 43

the branch of the United States government that is responsible for carrying out the laws

Question 44

Federal system

Answer 44

Federalism is a political concept in which a group of members are bound together by covenant with a governing representative head

Question 45

Government or public bill

Answer 45

a bill dealing with public policy

Question 46

Intra Vires

Answer 46

within the legal power or authority or a person or official or body etc

Question 47

Ultra Vires

Answer 47

beyond one's legal power or authority.

Question 48

Judiciary

Answer 48

the judicial authorities of a country; judges collectively.

Question 49

Legislative Branch

Answer 49

the branch of the United States government that has the power of legislating

Question 50

Lobby groups

Answer 50

Advocacy groups use various forms of advocacy to influence public opinion and/or policy; they have played and continue to play an important part in the development of political and social systems.

Question 51

Patriate

Answer 51

transfer control over (a constitution) from a mother country to its former dependency.

Question 52

Principle of Equalization

Answer 52

That everyone is equal

Question 53

Private members bill

Answer 53

A member of parliament’s legislative motion, called a private member's bill or a member's bill in some parliaments, is a proposed law introduced by a member of a legislature who is not acting on behalf of the executive government.

Question 54

Residual powers

Answer 54

In comparative federalism and comparative constitutionalism reserved powers or residual powers are those powers which are not "enumerated".

Question 55

Shared cost Agreements

Answer 55

When the cost is split between two

Question 56

Statute of westminster

Answer 56

The Statute of Westminster 1931 is an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom and identical but separate versions of it are now domestic law within each of the other Commonwealth realms, to the extent that they have not been implicitly repealed by subsequent laws.